2013 非谓语动词4,24.ppt

1、备战2013届高考英语二轮复习 语法专项专题 非谓语动词,高考链接 体验,1.(2010高考英语上海秋季卷,40)Thai is the only way we can imagine _ the overuse of water in students bathrooms. A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce 【答案】B 【解析】此处考查非谓语动词。此处应该用不定式the way to do sth表示做的途径、方式。the only way to do,we can imagine 做定语，前面省略了that.,2.(2010高考英语

2、上海秋季卷,35) _ the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height. A. Approaching B. Approached C. To approach D. To be approached 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。 考察现在分词作状语，表示正在进行或主动的动作。此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语，因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。,3.(2010高考英语上海秋季卷,33) Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her c

3、olleagues _ with her stories. A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。keep+sb. /sth. +done,根据句意，sb.与它后面的动词成被动关系，故选A.,4.(2010高考英语重庆卷,34)Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one _first is the library. A. repaired B. being repaired C. repairing D. to be repair

4、ed 【答案】D 【解析】考查非谓语动词。the one指代前面提到的buildings与repair是动宾关系，由前半句房屋需要修缮可知修缮这个动作发生在need之后，所以用to be repaired. 不定式的被动式作后置定语表示被动关系及动作尚未发生。,5.(2010高考英语重庆卷,30)The news shocked the public, _to great concern about students safety at school. A. having ledB. ledC. leadingD. to lead 【答案】 C 【解析】考察非谓语动词。句意为：这个消息使警察震

5、惊，也引起了人们对学校在校安全的关注。the news和lead之间是主谓关系，并且作shocked的伴随状语，所以leading。,6.(2010高考英语浙江卷,20)The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. A. being weighed B. to weigh C. weighed D. weighing 【答案】D 【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构：主语：the traffic rule

6、；谓语动词：says；宾语从句：young children under the age of four and _ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat。逻辑主语young children与weigh之间构成主谓关系，应该用weigh的现在分词形式weighing，相当于“young children who weigh less than 40 pounds”，答案选D项。,7.(2010高考英语浙江卷,8)The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if _

7、regularly, can improve our health. Abeing carried out Bcarrying out Ccarried out Dto carry out 【答案】C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语exercise与carry out之间构成动宾关系，故用carry out的过去分词形式carried out，此处相当于if the exercise is carried out regularly的省略，所以答案选C项。,8.(2010高考英语天津卷,11)It rained heavily in the south， _serious flooding

8、in several provinces. A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause 【答案】 C 【解析】考察非谓语动词。 句意为：“南方下大雨，引起南方几个省份严重洪水灾害。”下大雨同时引起洪水灾害，采用现在分词，表示主动且同时发生，故选C。,9.(2010高考英语四川卷,17)The lawyer listened with full attention，_ to miss any point Anot trying Btrying not Cto try not Dnot to try 【答案】B 【解析】考查现在分词短语做伴随

9、状语及动词不定式的否定式。句中listen和try not to miss为同时进行的动作，故用现在分词的一般式做伴随状语。又动词不定式的否定式要在其前加not.故选B。,10.(2010高考英语四川卷,11)In many peoples opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant _ Ato deal with Bdealing with Cto be dealt with Ddealt with 【答案】A 【解析】考查不定式主动表被动。在某些形容词后经常用不定式的主动形式表被动，此时，不定式动作和句子的主语存在动宾关

10、系。又如：The apartment is comfortable to live in.,考点一非谓语动词作状语,1(2011高考天津卷)_into English，the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. ATranslating BTranslated CTo translate DHaving translated,解析：选B。本题考查非谓语动词作状 语。句意：被译成英语后，我们发现这个句子有了一个完全不同的语序。分词作状语时，其逻辑主语应和句子主语保持一致，本句中的主语the sentence与t

11、ranslate间为逻辑上的被动关系，故排除A、C、D三项，只有B项表示被动，故为答案。,2(2011高考四川卷)Simon made a big bamboo box_ the little sick bird till it could fly. Akeep Bkept Ckeeping Dto keep,解析：选D。考查不定式作目的状语。句意：西蒙做了一个大的竹盒子，用来装那只生病的小鸟，直到它能飞翔。从语境看，这里用不定式作目的状语，因此选D。,3(2011高考安徽卷)Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate

12、 easier _ into small pieces. Abreak Bbreaking Cbroken Dto break,解析：选D。句意：汤姆问糖果制造商他们是否可以把巧克力制作得更容易弄碎些。本题考查非谓语动词。beeasy/difficult/hard.后常跟不定式的主动形式表示被动意义，故答案为D项。,考点二非谓语动词作定语,1(2011高考湖南卷)The ability _ an idea is as important as the idea itself. Aexpressing Bexpressed Cto express Dto be expressed,解析：选C。考

13、查非谓语动词作定语。句意：表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。“做某事的能力”应该表达为“the ability to do sth.”，故选C项。,2(2011高考课标全国卷)The next thing he saw was smoke _from behind the house. Arose Brising Cto rise Drisen,解析：选B。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：随后，他看见烟从房子后面冒出来。修饰smoke，故排除A项(谓语动词)；逻辑主语smoke与非谓语动词间为主动关系，而且动作正在进行，故答案为B项。,考点三非谓语动词作宾补,1(2011高考浙江卷)Even

14、the best writers sometimes find themselves _ for words. Alose Blost Cto lose Dhaving lost,解析：选B。本题考查非谓语动词 作宾补。句意：甚至连最好的作家 有时也发现自己找不到合适的好词 表达自己。(be) lost for words表示 “难以用言语表达、无以应对”。,2(2011高考重庆卷)Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _ of his own dreams. Areminding Bto rem

15、ind Creminded Dremind,解析：选C。句意：迈克尔在床边挂了姚明的一张照片来提醒他自己他的梦想。本题考查“keep宾语v.ing”和“keep宾语v.ed”用法辨析，选择用v.ing还是v.ed，要根据“宾语”与动词之间的关系而定，如果它们之间为主动关系，则用v.ing，,如果为被动关系，则用v.ed。himself与remind之间存在被动关系， 故选C。,考点四非谓语动词作主语和宾语,1(2011高考北京卷)Its important for the figures _ regularly. Ato be updated Bto have been updated Cto

16、 update Dto have updated,解析：选A。本题考查非谓语动词。句意：这些数据定期升级是很重 要的。figures与update之间为被动 关系，故排除C项和D项；此处表示 一般性动作，故排除B项，选A项。,2(2011高考四川卷)Lydia doesnt feel like_ abroad.Her parents are old. Astudy Bstudying Cstudied Dto study,解析：选B。考查非谓语动词。句意：莉迪不想出国读书，因为她的父母都老了。这里用固定搭配feel like doing sth.表示“想要做某事”，只有B项现在分词形式符合搭配

17、。,3(2012启东中学摸底考试)The difficulty the couple had_their lost child was soon forgotten when they discovered her. Afound Bfind Cfinding Dto find,解析：选C。考查非谓语动词。本题中含有have difficulty (in) doing sth.结构。 这对夫妇在找到丢失的孩子后很快忘记了寻找时的困难。,4(2012南通调研)_Chinese culture with overseas cultures is a challenging job，but you

18、will learn a lot from it. AComparing BCompared CHaving compared DCompare,解析：选A。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，这里缺少主语，选项中只有A项Comparing是动名词形式，可以作主语，由此选A项。,考点五with复合结构中的非谓语动词,1(2012山东实验中学模拟)With tiny shops_all the streets，the city of Cairo arouses tourists interest in shopping here. AlineBlined with Clining Dline al

19、ong,解析：选C。句意：所有街道上都小店林立，开罗城引起了游客们在此购物的兴趣。“with宾语宾补”这一结构此处表示主语所处的状态。line排列，用现在分词表主动含义；若选B项，则变为：With all the streets lined with tiny shops.。,2(2012黄冈模拟)With all the novels he was interested in _，he left the library and went back to his dorm. Aborrowed Bborrowing Cto borrow Dborrow,解析：选A。句意：他感兴趣的所有小说都借

20、到了，他离开图书馆回寝室了。首先，he was interested in是定语从句，修饰novels；这里考查的是“with名词过去分词”，borrow与all the novels是被动关系，所以用过去分词表“完成、被动”含义。,3(2012南通模拟)With so many orphans_，the charity organization calls for more donations. Ato look after Bbeing looked after Cto be looked after Dlooked after,解析：选A。句意：有如此多的孤儿需要照顾，该慈善机构呼吁更多

21、捐款。用动词不定式的主动来表示被动意义。故选A。,误区警示 透析,done与being done的混用 by a greater demand for vegetables, farmers have built more green houses. A.DrivenB.Being driven C.To driveD.Having driven,【解题探究】 A。为了使考生能更好地应对相关考题，现对done结构与being done结构归纳如下：（1）作主语时，应该使用being done结构，而done结构则不能在句中作主语。请参见下面的这道考题： to sunlight for too

22、much time will do harm to your skin. A.ExposedB.Having exposed C.Being exposedD.After being exposed,分析题干可知，句子的谓语will do没有主语，而选项A、B和D均不能在句中作主语，它们可以在句中作状语，故均不可选。而选项C为动名词的被动式，用在句中正合适。 （2）作后置定语时，既可以使用done结构，又可以使用being done结构，但这二者有很大差别。done结构作后置定语时，表示被动或完成的含义，而being done结构作后置定语时，则表示“正在被”的含义。另外to be done结

23、构作后置定语时表示“将被”。,（3）作状语时，being done结构几乎是不用的，而doing结构和having(been)done结构则是常用的，表示原因。done结构作状语时，常表示被动或完成的含义。请参见下面的考题： that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest. A.Not realizedB.Not to realize C.Not realizingD.Not to have realized 分析题干知，横线处应填上一个可以充当原因状语的结构，故选项C为本题的正确答案。,意义相近的结构易错点 Oi

24、l prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, a record of $57.65 a barrel on April 4. A.have reachedB.reaching C.to reachD.to be breaking,考生很容易误选C项，认为C项中to reach为动词不定式结构在句中作结果状语。这可能是因为有很多考生没有完全掌握动词不定式结构与现在分词结构作结果状语时的差别。,【解题探究】 B。在英语中，带动词不定式符号to的动词不定式结构与现在分词结构都可以表示结果，但用法不同。动词不定式结构作结果

25、状语时常,常表示出乎意料的或不愿看到的结果，而现在分词短语结构作结果状语时常常表示按照自然规律发展所产生的自然的或必然的结果。分析句意可知，逗号前后的这两部分之间存在着一种自然的或必然的结果关系，故选项B为本题的正确答案。,doing,done,to do作后置定语时的误用 Mr.Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one . A.BlamedB.blaming C.to blameD.to be blamed,考生很容易误选 D 项。分析句子结构可知，本题是对动词不定式结构作

26、后置定语用法的考查。be to blame 为一个固定的结构，意为“对负有责任”。本题中的 to balme 可以看作是 who was to blame 的省略形式。to blame 是一个主动形式表示被动含义的结构。,【解题探究】 C。英语中的动词不定式作定语时有以下用法： （1）如果句子的主语是该名词后置定语动词不定式所表示动作的施动者，那么作后置定语的动词不定式要用其主动形式。 I want something to eat.我想要些吃的东西。 （2）如果句子的主语不是该名词后置定语动词不定式所表示动作的施动者，那么作后置定语的动词不定式既可以用其主动形式，也可以用其被动形式，在语意上

27、几乎没有什么区别。 The best thing to do/to be done is.要去做的最好的事情是,（3）作名词后置定语的动词不定式中的动词须为及物动词，若为不及物动词，须在该动词后加上一个适当的介词或副词。 I have no pen to write with.我没有写字用的笔了。,对“疑问词+动词不定式”结构认识不清 It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows . A.it what to do withB.what to do it with C.what to do with itD.to do what with it,考生很容易误选B项。“疑问词+动词不定式”结构在句子中可以充当主语、（介词）宾语、表语等。短语 do with 意为“处理，应付”，这其中的动词 do 是一个及物动词，疑问代词 what 作其宾语，介词 with 后还需跟一个宾语（通常由一个名词或代词充当），故选项C为本题的正确