直接引语变间接.ppt

1、直接引语变间接引语面面观,概念:,直接引述别人的原话，叫 _;,直接引语,用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫 _。,间接引语,直接引语通常都用_括起来，,引号“ ”,间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个 _。,宾语从句,一、如何变人称： 口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新。 “一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如： Shesaid.Mybrotherwantstogo shoppingwithme.” ,“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主

2、句的宾语一致。,： HesaidtoKate.Howisyoursisternow?” ,Shesaidherbrother wantedtogo shoppingwithher.,HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。,“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： MrSmithsaid, “sheisagoodboy.” MrSmithsaidshewasagoodboy.,二、如何变时态： 直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。1) 一般现在时一般过去时态； She said

3、: “ I am a student. ” She said (that) she was a student. 2)一般将来时过去将来时 Shesaid, Hewillgotoseehisfriend.” Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend。 Tom said, “ I am going to play basketball tomorrow.” Tom said he was going to play basketball tomorrow.,二、如何变时态： 3) 现在进行时过去进行时； She said ,“I am reading a book.” She

4、 said she was reading a book.,注意：以下几种情况时态 不变 直接引语是客观真理。 Theteacher said Theearthmovesaroundthesun.” Theteachersaid theearthmovesaround thesun.,直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。 Jacksaid.“I was doing chores when Tom came to see me”,Jacksaid he was doing chores when Tom came to see him.,直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，

5、时态不变。,Jacksaid.IwasbornonApril2l,1980.,Jack saidhewasbornonApril21,1980.,直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如： Hesaid,“Igetupatsixeverymorning。”Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning. 如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变 （例：could,should,would,might） The doctor said, “You should stay in bed for 2 days.” The doctor

6、said I should stay in bed for 2 days.” 和已经是过去时的形式时， 例： oughtto，hadbetter,usedto Petersaid.Youhadbettercomeheretoday.PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.,三、如何变状语： 直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律， 时间状语由“现在”改为“原来” （例：now变为then,yesterday变为thedaybefore, today变为 that day He said, “I want to go swimming now. ” He said

7、he wanted to go swimming then. 地点状语，尤其表示方向性的， here 变 there The teacher said ,“ You should come here at 7:00.” The teacher said I should go there at 7:00. 指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼” 例：this改为that Hesaid,Thisbooksismine.“ Hesaidthatbook washis.,四.如何变句型,He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” He said that h

8、e had been to the Great Wall. He said, “Ill give you an examination next Monday. ” He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday. Shesaid,Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.“ Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.,1.直接引语是陈述句 用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用told来代替，注意

9、，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that.,2.直接引语是一般疑问句,反意疑问句,选择疑问句,Hesaid,Canyouswim,John?“ HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim. He said, “You are interested in English, arent you?” He asked whether I was interested in English. Heasked,“Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?” HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike

10、。,间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等)，语序是陈述句的语序.,3.直接引语是特殊疑问句,He said to me，“Whats your name?” He asked me what my name was. Sheaskedme,Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?” Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner. Sheaskedme,Whatwas Jack doing when I come in?” Sheaskedme what Jack was doing when she came in.,原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask(sb. )来表达，语序改为陈述句语序,4.直接引语是祈使句,间接引语应改为 “Tell (ask,order,beg等)sb(not)todosth.”句型。,“Open the door,please. she said.,Sheaskedhimtoopen the do