定语从句1(曾经讲课).ppt

1、定语从句,The Attributive Clauses,基础知识,概念：,用一个句子放在一个名词或代词的后面作定语。 She is the girl whom I am looking for.,先行词,关系代词,This is the village where she grew up.,先行词,关系副词,How many kinds of Attributive Clauses are there?,基础知识,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制

2、性定语从句,基础知识,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,1.This is the very pen that you gave to me before. 2. There is an old woman, who is holding a stick. 3. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school? 4. He was admitted by a leading university, which gives the meaning of words.,引导定语从句的关系词,指代人 指代事物 所属

3、关系 指地点 指时间 指原因,who，whom，that which，that whose，of which/whom where when why,关系代词,关系副词,基础知识,关系代词在从句中可以：,何时可以省略？,that , which, who, whom 引导限制性定语从句并在从句中作宾语时常可省略。 e.g. 1. The film (that) we saw yesterday is interesting. 2. The car (which) my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake. 3. The w

4、oman (who/whom) you saw just now is our English teacher.,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,a machine,the machine,Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is can fly.,关系代词的实质,a machine,that /whi

5、ch,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary

6、.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is M

7、ary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,

8、关系代词的实质,Join the following sentences: The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday. we saw yesterday is Mary.,that/who/whom,The girl,注意避免重复,定语从句中常见的错误：,1.缺先行词：Is this school that you visited last year? 2.缺引导词：Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth. 3.成分重复：This is the house where I lived there ye

9、ars ago.,(该句缺先行词，应在shool”后面加上the one 或 the),（应在Children后面加上who，不能省略）,（where和there句子成分重复，应去掉there),Correct the mistakes,1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many of them come from class two. 2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible. 3. This is the very pen that you gave it to me befor

10、e. 4. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick.,whom,whose,it,who,定语从句考点归纳,定语从句考点归纳,2.Whose 的使用,3. 定语从句中的主谓一致问题,1.that 与which,1.that 与which,1.Nothing _ can be done has been done. 2.Do you have anything _ you dont understand ?,先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none, no

11、 one, all 等不定代词，引导定语从句用that,that,that,1. Is there anything else _ you want? A. which B. that C. who D. what,2. Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police. A. which B. what C. whatever D. that,3. Can you think of anyone _ could look after him?,that,1.This is the best TV _ is m

12、ade in China. 2.The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.,that,that,先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。,1.that 与which,1. The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. it,2. Please take the second chair_ is over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that,3

13、. It is the most interesting book _ Ill ever read. which B. That,4. This is the best hotel _ I know.,that,Ive read all the books _ you lent me.,that,先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last,any,just 修饰时,引导定语从句用that 。,1.that 与which,1. This is all _ I know about the matter. A

14、. that B. what C. who D. whether,2. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B./ C.which D.it,3. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _ in the forest. A. once the grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew.,4. All the apples _ fall are eaten by wild boars.

15、,that,1.The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.,先行词中既有人又有事物时， 引导定语从句用that .,that,1.that 与which,2.A victim is a person, animal or thing _ suffers pain, death, harm, etc. 3. Look at the boy and his dog _ are coming this way.,that,that,1.Who

16、 _ you have ever seen can do it better ?,Who做先行词时，引导定语从句用that,that,1.that 与which,1.China isnt the country _is used to be.,1.that 与which,that,先行词作主句的表语时,1.There is a table in the corner _is folded away.,1.that 与which,that,主句是there be结构时，修饰其主语的定语从句用that引导。,1.Her bag ,in _ she put all her money, has be

17、en stolen.,which,在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom,1.that 与which,2.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars. 3.Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.,which,whom,1）、介词后，代替物时,This is the house in _we used to live.,which,只用which的情况,1）、当先行词为that，为了避免重复,The clock is that _ tells you the t

18、ime.,which,只用which的情况,1）、用于非限制定语从句的主语或宾语,He visited that professor and had a great conversation with him, _ had a deep influence on his career later.,which,只用which的情况,只用which的情况,1）、一个句子中有两个定语从句时，为避免重复，一个用that,另一个用which.,1.He bought an American magazine _could give him so much English knowledge and _

19、 could help him to kill time.,that,which,whose 引导的定语从句,表示所属关系,1. The river _ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.,3 Whose 的使用,2. The boy _ parents are dead is left alone as an orphan .,whose+n=,the + n + of which/whom,of which/whom + the +n,whose,whose,There are in this class 20 students,

20、_ are different. A. whose backgrounds B. the backgrounds of whom C. of whom the backgrounds D. the backgrounds of whose,Whose 的使用,1. I know a boy _ father is an acrobat. (杂技演员) 2. He saw a house _ windows were all broken. 3. Look at that lady _ name is Lisa.,whose,whose,whose,I.主语和谓语一致 1、关系代词在定语从句中主

21、语，其谓语动词与先行词保持一致。例如： The boy who is standing at the door is my son.,2、在one of the +复数名词+定语从句”结构中，定语从句谓语动词用复数形式。例如： This is one of the best books that have ever been advertised.,3、在“the only one of the +复数名词+定语从句”结构中，定语从句 谓语动词用单数。例如： This is the only one of the best books that has ever been advertised

22、.,The earth is round,_ we all know. _ is known to all, the earth is round _ is known to all that the earth is round.,as,As,It,4 as 的使用,the.same as, such as, so.as. as we all know, as is usual, as is known to all, as it is, as is said above, as already mentioned above, as is reported.,This is the sam

23、e book as I lost. This is the same book that I lost.,这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。,这本书就是我丢的那本。,as 的使用,This is such an interesting book _ we all like. This is so interesting a book _ we all like.,as,as,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。,定语从句,as 的使用,This is such an interesting book _we all like it. This is so interesting a book _we

24、all like it.,that,that,这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。,结果状语从句,as 的使用,1. It is very useful to master a foreign language,_ has been said before.,which,2 _ everyone hoped, Mary has won the first prize.,As,as 的使用,5 when, where, why 与that,which 的区分,）Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park. ）Ill never forget t

25、he time _ I spent with you. ）Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you. ）This is the museum _I visited last year .,that,whichthat,whichthat,whichthat,5 when, where, why 与that,which 的区分,This is the reason _ ( = for which ) I didnt come here. The reason _ she gave was not true.,whichthat,which/th

26、at,指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。,6 定语从句中的动词的数,He is the only one in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise He is one of the students in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise,has,have,关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词,能力提高,Correct the sentences:,1. Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday. 2. The man whom I spoke is from Canada. 3. July 1,1999 is the da