HOW TO WRITE A SUMMARY(高中英语“如何写总结”).ppt

1、HOW TO WRITE A SUMMARY,Definition（定义）,A summary is a short account giving the main points of something longer or detailed.,3 Styles of Passages,Task 1: How to find the key sentences or key words?,抓住who, what happened, 及the writers purpose,通常抓住首段和尾段,抓住首段或各段首句,Task 2:,Recognize the styles of 3 given p

2、assages and find out the key sentences or key words of each passage.,The Steps of Writing a Summary,(1)定时态：如果阅读材料是过去时，那么基本时态用过去时；如果是现在的，那么基本时态用现在时； (2)定人称：一般情况下采用第三人称来写作，特殊如书信的，可能会使用第一、二人称； (3)定技巧：结合相关技巧，重新组句。,完全糊涂地照抄原文，连人称都不改 的，得0分； 2. 机械死板地照抄原文，只改人称的，得 1分； 3. 稍微灵活地抄原文，改主语、宾语、原 文词序的，得2分； 4. 创造性地抄，改

3、主语、宾语、原文词序还有句子结构的，最多得3分； 5. 结构、用词、词性变化比较好的得4至5分。,2007年广东高考概括部分评分细则,Task 3：,Rewrite the sentences according to the skills.,(1)Use words of similar meanings同义替换法,I didnt catch any fish owing to the fact that I was not patient. I didnt catch any fish_ I was not patient.,because,(2)Adopt the opposite wa

4、y when saying a sentence正话反说法,You will fail. You will _.,not succeed,(3)Change the part of speech词性转换法,Patience is very important. Patience is _.,of great importance,(4)Change the structure of a sentence句式变化法,语态变换： Parents should give children more praise. Children should_more praise.,be given,简单句变复

5、合句：,Children should be encouraged more. This will help them learn faster. Children should be encouraged more, _ will help them learn faster. Children are given more praise. They will achieve more success. When _, children will achieve more success.,which,given more praise,(5)Use the shortest possibl

6、e transitions连词衔接法,注意使用一些短而精的连词，如but, and, so, while, however, then, thus, yet, for, therefore, including, instead of 等。 We should encourage children. We should not scold them. We should encourage children_ scolding them.,instead of,(6) Change the order of the words. 词序改变法 The secret of success was

7、patience. _ was _.,Patience,the secret of success,(7) Omit the details细节省略法 Dont always scold and give lots of praise instead. ,Dont scold and give praise instead.,(8) Make use of the meaning of a sentence句意理解法,Shopping on the Internet is becoming increasingly popular. _ _,More and more people prefe

8、r Internet shopping.,Some Summary Models for You,(1)Narration Summary Models (记叙文概要模板) (2)Argumentation Summary Models (议论文概要模板) (3)Exposition Summary Models (说明文概要模板),(1) 记叙文概要模板,点明写作目的类： The writer tells us（主题）by showing us an example of, who/which（故事情节）. 作者经历类： In the passage, the writer mainly t

9、ells us his experience of doing sth, which 他人经历类： This passage is mainly about sbs experience of doing sth.,(2) 议论文概要模板,The article gives the view that should/shouldnt（主题）. .（补充论据）. The passage highlights(强调) the importance of sth. The author argues that,(3) 说明文概要模板 现象揭示类： This article points out th

10、e common phenomenon -（主题), which.（补充解释）. 利弊对比类： The article compares the disadvantages/ benefits of A and B. Awhile B The passage discusses the impact(影响)of sth. On the positive side, but it may also. 研究显示类： The study reveals(揭露) that The purpose of the report is to show that,Task 4: Write a summary

11、,Passage 1,关键词 、句 (1)the writer, an old man, fishing, experience, teach sb. a lesson, (2)The secret of success was patience.,_had_ with _who _.,The writer,a fishing experience,an old man,taught him a lesson,词序变化法,Patience was the secret of success.,(2),(1),连词成句,The writer had a fishing experience wi

12、th an old man who taught him a lesson. Patience was the secret of success.,句式变化法,The writer had a fishing experience with an old man who taught him a lesson that patience was the secret of success.,The writer tells us（主题）by showing us an example of, who/which（故事情节）.,Reference Key for Passage 1: The

13、writer tells us patience was very important and that it was the secret of success by showing us an example of his unforgettable fishing experience with an old man, who taught him a lesson. ( 35 words),注意,Passage 2: 关键句 Dont always scold and give lots of praise instead.,细节省略法,Dont scold and give prai

14、se instead.,词序变化法、连词衔接法,Give praise instead of scolding.,词性变换法,Praise children instead of scolding them.,(2) If you teach your children not to fear a mistake of failure, they will learn faster and achieve success at last.,Encourage your children and they will make more progress and succeed.,句意理解法,同义

15、替换法,词性转换法,细节省略法,(1) Praise children instead of scolding them. (2) Encourage your children and they will make more progress and succeed. The article gives the view that,when educating children, parents should praise and encourage them instead of scolding, which will help children to make progress and

16、 succeed.,注意,Passage 3: 关键词、句 (1) Internet shopping is a new way of shopping. (2) Shopping on the Internet is becoming increasingly popular. (3)People can shop for a variety of things on the Internet. (4) common products, information products, services,Reference Key for Passage 3: This article points out the co