直接和间接引语.ppt

1、Unit 5 Grammar,直接引语和间接引语,1.直接引语是直接引述别人的原话，原话 有引号,2. 间接引语是引述别人的话，不用引号。 间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。,E.G. She said, “ Ill never forget the moment.”,E.G. She said she would never forget the moment.”,直接引语变间接引语关键要掌握下列 “三要素”,要素一：直接引语是陈述句时用连接词that， 在口语中可省略。引述动词用said, told, 等。,He said: “I left my book in my room.”, He

2、 told me that he had left his book in his room.,She said: “He will be busy.”,She said that he would be busy.,陈述句解题步骤:,“I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.,didnt,she,Sarah said to her friends (that),she didnt like computers.,Exercises:,He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” He said

3、, “Ill give you an examination next Monday. ”,He said that he had been to the Great Wall.,He said that he would give us an examination the next Monday.,要素二： (1).直接引语是一般疑问句时用连接词if或 whether;是选择疑问句时只能用whether， 引述动词用asked，没有间接引语的可以加 一个间接宾语me, him等,用陈述句语序.,She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”, She asked T

4、om if /whether he could help her.,She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”, She asked me whether that book was mine or his.,一般疑问句解题步骤: They asked him, “ Will you finish the work ?”,They asked him,if,You will finish the work,They asked him if he would finish the work.,Exercises:,He said, “Do you have

5、any difficulty with pronunciation?” He said, “Are you interested in English?”,He asked whether I was interested in English.,He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation.,Attention，please!,原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked (me/him/us等) 一般疑问句中用if/whether 作为连接词 特殊疑问句中保留原有疑问词 引号内的句子语序变为陈述句语序，即

6、主语+谓语,(2). 直接引语是特殊疑问句时用原句中的疑 问词作连接词,语序改为陈述句语序。,The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”, The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.,“What are you going to do next Friday afternoon？” Han Mei asked me,Han Mei asked me what I was going to do the next Friday afternoon,特殊疑问句解题步骤： They asked him, “Whe

7、n do you harvest the wheat ?”,They asked him,When,you harvest the wheat,(you harvest the wheat.),he,harvested,They asked him when he harvested the wheat.,Exercises:,He said to me，“Whats your name?” He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?”,He asked me what my name was.,H

8、e asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.,要素三：直接引语是祈使句时, 用“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。 即 told / asked sb. (not) to do sth.,The teacher said to the students, “Dont waste your time.”,The teacher told the students not to waste their time.,The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”,The mothe

9、r asked Tom to get up early.,直接引语改为间接引语,当引述动词为过去时， 间接引语中的动词、时间、时态、地点、人 称等一般要作相应的变化.,直接引语改为间接引语时，引述动词是现在 时,则间接引语中的动词、时间、时态的形式 不变,She says, “ I will never forget the moment,She says that she will never forget the moment.,直接引语变间接引语时, 要注意以下时态不变的特殊情况。,1.直接引语如果是客观真理，谚（习）语， 变间接引语时时态不变。,The teacher said, “T

10、he earth goes round the sun.”,The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.,My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”,My father said practice makes perfect.,2.直接引语如果有明确的表示过去的时间状 语，时态不变。,He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”,He told me that he was born in 1978.,The engineer said, “I was at colle

11、ge in 1967.”,The engineer said he was at college in 1967.,3. 直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的， 习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的， 变间接引语时，时态保持不变，,The boy said to us, “I usually get up at six every day.”,The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.,He said, “we are still students.”,He said they are still students.,4.直接引语中有W

12、hen， since，while 引 导的从句,在变为间接引语时,只改变主句时 态,从句的时态不变。,He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.”,He said he had studied English since he was a boy.,She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.,She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus.,把下列直接引语变间接引语: 1.Lucy sa

13、id :”I am good at English”. 2.”Li Lei is reading a book.” Peter said to me. 3.”I can ride a bike to school.” Lana said. 4.”Tomorrow we will have a football match,” He told his mother. 5.The boy said They go to school every day except Saturday.”,Exercises:,1. He said , “I m afraid I cant finish this

14、work.”,2.He said , “I havent heard from him since May.”,He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish that work.,He said that he hadnt heard from him since May.,3.Tom said that he would see me the next week.,Tom said ,“I will see you next week.”,4. “Why were you late again?” The teacher said to me. 5. “Have you been t