不定冠词、定冠词以及零冠词.pptx

1、Grammar 冠词,冠词,不定冠词：a 、an,定冠词：the,零冠词：不用冠词,不定冠词a 、an 1、a / an 的区别 a 用在辅音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前，an 用在元音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前。 1）辅音 a car a dog a pen a plane a unit 2）元音 an apple an egg an hour a orange 3）由第一个音素决定，而不是第一个字母决定的。 an honest boy a university 4）名词前还有形容词时，选用a/an取决于形容词的第一个音素。 She has an apple. She has a bi

2、g apple.,2、不定冠词的用法： 1）泛指，表示一类事物中的任何一个。 He is a student. 他是一名学生。 这一用法中，a/an具有one的意思，应该把“一”译出来，但数的概念没有one强。 2）表示“一类”人或物。 A horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。 这一用法中，a/an表示的是整个一类事物，一般不要译出“一”的意思。 3）用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。 I drank two cups of coffee, but I want to drink a third. 4）表示“每一”的意思，相当于every。 Mr. Green g

3、oes to the cinema once a week 5）用在专有名词前，可以表示“类似”或“某一个”。 There was a Mr. Zhang calling you just now. That city is a Venice in China.,6） 用于很多固定短语、词组中。a bottle of 一瓶 a couple of 两个 a group of 一群 a kind of 一种 a lot of 许多，大量的 a part of 一小部分 a type of 一种类型的 a variety of 各种各样的,定冠词的用法： l）特指某人或某物。 eg: The bo

4、ok on the desk is mine 2）指双方都知道的人或事物。 eg ：Where are the new books，Jim？ 3）指上文提到过的人或物。 eg ：There is an old woman standing there. The old woman looked worried. 4）用在世上独一无二的事物名词前。 eg ：the sun, the sky, the earth, the world, etc. 5）用在序数词和形容词最高级前。 eg ：The third one is carrying the fewest of all.,6）用在山脉、江河、

5、海洋、岛等名词前。 eg ：the Himalaya Mountains, the Yellow River, the Red Sea, the Taiwan Island, etc. 7)用在某些建筑物名词前。 eg ：the White House, the Great Wall 8)用在姓氏复数形式之前,表示“某某一家”或“某某夫妇”。 eg：the Greens, the Blacks, etc. 9）用在乐器名词前。 eg ：the piano, the violin, etc. 10）用在少数形容词前表示一类人或事物。 eg ：the old, the poor, the blin

6、d, etc.,11）用在表示方向位置的名词前。 eg ：in the east, on the right, in the centre, etc. 12）用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。 eg ：the Peoples Republic of China, etc. 13）用在某些习惯用语中。 eg ：in the morning, by the way, look the same,定冠词用法有规律， 防止遗漏很容易。 特指双方都熟悉， 上文已经被提及。 世上无二仅独一， 序数词和最高级。 山河海岛建筑物， 姓氏复数奏乐器。 少数形表人一类， 方位名词须牢记。 普构专有惯用词， 试用此诀

7、有效率。,零冠词（不用冠词）,1)名词前已有作定语的指示代词、物主代词或不定代词等限定词。 eg：The letter is in her bag. I have some questions. 2)专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词等不可数名词前。 eg ：China，water，music, etc 3）球类活动、学科名词、一日三餐前。 eg ：We have English and math every day 4)复数名词表示泛指。 eg ：They are workers,5)节日、星期、月份、季节名称前。 eg：June 1st is Childrens Day 6)表示颜色、语言、称呼

8、语和官职、头衔的名词前。 eg ：Headmaster Li came to Class One just now. 7)某些固定词组或习惯用语中。 eg ：at night by bus at first at last at noon at home on foot in bed in hospital go to school,Write and Apply Rules,1) This is _ Xinghai Park, and Mr. Chen is _ director of _ park. A) X / a / a B) a / a / the C) the / X / the

9、D) X / the (X) / the 2) His plane is due at 10 in Paris. Look, _ plane is in now at _ airport. A) a / the B) the / the C) the / an D) a / an 3) Jenny is _ university student, and she is _ honest girl. A) a / an B) an / a C) the / a D) an / the,4) Lets give the patient _ hand. _ ambulance is waiting

10、for us outside_ school. A) a / The / the B) a / The / an C) the / A / an D) the / A / the 5) Is this _ apple tree? No, it is _ orange tree. A) an / the B) the / the C) an / an D) the / an,Write and Correct Mistakes,On the Sunday morning I usually do housework at the home. 2) My friend comes from a n

11、orth of country. 3) Mary is the good player of the two.,On Sunday morning, I usually do some housework at home. My friend comes from the north of the country. Mary is the better player of the two.,4) The hospital bought a X-ray machine a day before yesterday. The hospital bought an X-ray machine the

12、 day before yesterday. 5) A hour is the short time to spend in an university library. An hour is a short time to spend in a university library. 6) In a fact, it was a most exciting game of an year. In fact, it was the most exciting game of the year.,7) There is a exciting pop music concert on the TV. 8) These football stars are the very popular in whole country. 9) In United States, people attach much importance to words on a thank-you card. 10) We are going to play the tennis in an afternoon.,There is an exciting pop music concer