LearningaboutLanguage (8)

1、The Present Perfect Passive Voice 现在完成时的被动语态,表格：被动态基本结构,am/is/are done,was/were done,am/is/are being done,was/were being done,will be done,would be done,have/has been done,had been done,歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。,定义：现在完成时的动作或情况虽然发生在过去，但它强调的是与现在的关系，用来说明现在的情况。 现在完成时态结构：(have/has + 过去分词),现在完成时态,The programm

2、e has been broadcasted since November.,思,The five children have been educated through the game.,The five families have been talked about a lot nowadays.,Lead-in,Their photos have been made fun of by the netizens.,现在完成时被动态结构：,have /has +been +过去分词,时间状语,现在完成时常与already ,yet recently ,so far ,by now, up

3、 till now ,since .,before.等连用,学以致用,Many houses _ _ _during the past 10years (build),Many trees _ _ _ along the street.(plant),have been built,have been planted,The experts have studied the plan for three times.（变为被动态）,The plan has been studied by the experts for three times,议展评,This kind of food has

4、 been advertised on the newspaper for a month.,否定句,This kind of food didnt advertise on the newspaper for a month.(改错),hasnt been advertised,Does his kind of food been advertised on the newspaper for a month.(改错),一般疑问句,Has,What has advertised on the newspaper for a month?(改错),been,特殊疑问句,3.注意问题。（1）副词

5、的位置often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。 Such a man has been hardly believed.（改错）,has hardly been,（2）并不是所有动词都有被动语态 _, _, _, _, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态,happen ,take place,appear,make,学以致用Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.（改错）,The book is belonged to

6、 me .（改错）,不及物动词有哪些？,趋向性动词,go ,come,arrive,stand,measure,rise,使役动词或,make ,let ,have 等,其他,happen,take place,drop in 等,（3） 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等 构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与 表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则需改换动词或时态。 【学以致用】My brother has bought this bike for almost four years

7、.（改错） How long has this book been bought（判断正误） How long ago was this book bought（判断正误）,had,F,T,（4） 带有双宾的词，如_,_,_，_,_,_,_,_等，变为被动语态时，将其中一个宾语变为主语，其他借助介词to 或者for。 【学以致用】The teacher has given twins a book.（用被动时态对句子进行改写） A book _ _ _ by the teacher _ the twins. The twins _ _ _ a book _ the teacher.,give

8、,send,bring,take ,teach,tell ,write,buy,pay,has been given,to,has been given,by,（2）带复合宾语的动词变为被动语态，只能将宾语变为主语，原来省略to 的不定式作宾补的，被动语态_ 要还原。 【学以致用】My parents have made me work hard .（改为被动态） _,to,I have been made to work hard by my parents,检1.The school board is made up of parents who _to make decisions ab

9、out school affairs.A. had been elected B. had elected C. have been elected D. have elected2. -How long _ at this job?- Since 1990.A. were you employed B. have you been employedC. had you been employed D. will you be employed,C,B,改错 1.The book has not been borrowed last month. 2. The new dictionaries

10、 are very useful,so they sell well and have sold out already. 3. The problem has been paid enough attention since it came up at the meeting, 4. Paper money has been used in over a thousand years. 5.I am sorry,but the letters havent been typed already.,since,been,to,for,yet,用被动语态改写下列句子. 1.They have finished the construction of the new railway lines by now. _ 2.They have made a plan to help the poor children i