B5U2 Grammer.ppt

1、Grammar,-By Zhou Lan,什么是宾语补足语？,英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个补足语(补充说明宾语的性质，状态等)，才能使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有： make , consider, cause ,see , find , call ,get ,have, let ect.,带有宾语补足语的一般句型为:,某些及物动词（如make等）,直接宾语（名词或代词）,宾语补足语,+,+,宾语补足语的9种表示法：,His father named him Doming. They painted their house white. You mustnt f

2、orce him to lend his money to you. Nobody noticed him enter the room. 4. We saw her entering the room.,(名词),(形容词),（不定式）,（不定式短语）,(现在分词或其短语),5.We must get the work finished by 10 oclock. 6.We take English as a useful tool for research work. 7. Whenever you may go, you will find him at work. 8. Let the

3、 fresh air in. 9. The plant has its own name. You cannot call it what you will.,( 过去分词),（用as引出）,（介词短语）,（副词）,(从句),Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.,find,past participle,(V- ed),object complement,have,get,Can you find the following sentences in the reading passage?,obje

4、ct,Three more sentences in the reading passage.,1. to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. 2. You find most of the population settled in the south 3. It has the oldest port built by the Romans.,e.g. After waking up, I found everyone gone. The speaker raised

5、her voice to make herself heard. They found their new bikes stolen.,总结,过去分词作宾语补足语，表示其动作_能用宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或已完成的意义，有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。,已经完成或结束。,过去分词不仅可以作动词宾语的补足语，还可以作_宾语的补足语：,Eg. The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back, With the homework

6、finished, he was allowed to watch the football match.,介词,More explanation about the past partici- ple used as object complement,过去分词用在表示状态的动词 keep ，leave 等的后面。 They kept the door locked for a long time. Dont leave the windows broken like this all the time. 2. 过去分词用在使役动词have, make 的后面。 （1）注意”have +宾语

7、+ 过去分词”的两种用法： 表示让某人做某事，如： I have had my bike repaired . The villagers had many trees planted just then.,表示“遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击”等。 如： My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month. The old man had his wrist broken in the accident. (2)”make + 宾语+过去分词”， 在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的，如： I raised my voic

8、e to make myself heard. They managed to make themselves understood using very simple English.,3.过去分词用在感官动词watch ,notice, see, hear, listen to, feel, find 等的后面,当我们到学校时，我们看见门锁着。 When we got to school, we saw the door locked.,我们可以听到大雨点敲打窗户的声音。 We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.,4.过

9、去分词用在want, wish, like, expect, order等表示“希望，愿望，命令”这一类动词的后面作宾语补足语。,The teacher wouldnt like the problem discussed at the moment.,老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。,5.过去分词用在“with+宾语宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。 小偷被带进来了，双手被绑在后面。 The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back. 周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花，他的房子看上去就像一座漂亮的花园。 With man

10、y brightly-colored flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.,用所给单词的正确形式填空,What he had said made me _.（surprise） There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. (follow) My glasses are broken. Ill have to get them _.(repair) With her finger _ to the broken

11、vase, my mother asked me, “Who did that?” (point) The doctor warned him _ only food after the operation. (not eat),surprised,following,repaired,pointing,not to eat,Practice,强化训练 1.The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see_ the next year. carry out B. carrying C. carried out D. to ca

12、rry out,C,2. In the past few years, we have had thousands of trees_ around out school. plant B. planted C. planting D. being planted 3. She was glad to see her child well _ care of. A. take B. to be taken C. taken D. taking,B,C,4. The result of the entrance exams was not made _ to the public until l

13、ast Thursday. knowing B known C. to know D. to be known 5. He found them _ at table_. A. sat; to play chess B. sitting; to play chess C. seated; playing chess D. seat; play the chess,B,C,6. I can make you _ what I say, but you cant make yourself _ in English. understand; understand B. understand; un

14、derstood C. to understand; understand D. understand; to be understood,B,分词作宾语补足语,共同点：分词在复合宾语中可作宾语补足语，对句子的宾语起补充或说明作用。 不同点：分词作宾语补足语时，句子的宾语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。,1.The next morning she found the man _ in bed, dead. A. lying B. lie C. l

15、ay D. laying 简析: 首先, 根据语法分析可知, 待选部分在句中应作宾补, 补充说明宾语 the man; 再根据宾语 the man 对于动词 lie 来说应是主动关系, 而且, lie 这个动作与谓语动词 found 同时进行。因此, 该题应选A。,2. -Good morning. Can I help you? -Id like to have the package _, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed 简析: 首先, 根据语法分析可知, 待选部分在句中应作宾补, 补充说明宾语 th

16、e package; 再根据 the package 对于动词 weigh 来说, 只能是被动关系。因此，该题应选D。,3. I can hardly imagine Peter _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A. sail B. sailing C. to sail D. to have sailed 简析: 该题应选B。测试动词 imagine 后要求跟动名词, Peter 是动名词的逻辑主语。,4.If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air _ a

17、gainst your face. A. moved B. moving C. moves D. to move 简析: 该题应选B。测试使役动词后用现在分词作宾补表示宾语正发出的动作。,5. The girl asked him not to leave the door _. A. to close B. closed C. to be closed D. closing 6. I have often heard the ABC song_, but I have never heard Alice _ it. A. to be sung; to sing B. being sung;

18、sang C. sung; sing D. sang; singing,B,C,(全国卷） Helen had to shout _above the sound the music. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard. 2. (重庆卷) Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents _. worried B. to