高三单词短语练习题(含详解及答案)

1、短语闯关下列短语都是这两个单元学过的重要短语，请你根据汉语在横线上填人一个正确的词，每个词5分。80分才能过关，你一定能过关做好了闯关的准备吗?那么我们就开始吧?1. consist _ 由组成；南构成2. be made _ of 由组成3. _ the most of 充分利用；充分展示4. hold _ (使)连在一起；(使)团结一致5. _ general一般地；大体上6. keep _ touch with 与保持联系7. pay attention _ 注意；留意8. deal _ 处理；安排9. _ store 贮藏着；准备着；即将发生，就要来到10. _ one point 在

2、某处11. (be) _ great value非常有价值12. spread _ 展开13. _ for 代表14. run _ 在驶过；把匆匆过一遍；溢 出；短暂旅行15. neither._. 既不又不16. as _ as 远达17. _ doubt毫无疑问地18. _ usual 像通常一样19. _ to 导致20. _ a glimpse of 看一眼 交际用语1. Yes, I agree with you.2. Yes, I think so.3. Its a good idea to.4Dont you think that?5. I dont think that is

3、right.6. I dont think so.7. You must be mistaken.8. Im afraid you are wrong.9. You are wrong thinking that.10. I believe that you have got it right. 【单词聚焦】【考点1】advantage 的用法 搭配： have / win / get / gain the / an advantage of / over 胜过；优于 (be) to ones advantage / disadvantage 对有利 不利 take advantage of

4、= make ones advantage of 乘机利 用；利用别人的弱点占便宜；欺骗【考例1】2005 南京模拟 British students only have alanguage _ for jobs in the USA and Australia. A. chance B. ability C. possibility D. advantage考查目标 本题考查advantage的意思。答案与解析D 本句的language advantage的意思是。语言方面的优势”。2. advantage n. 优势，优点 反义：disadvantage 劣势，缺点 词组 take adv

5、antage of 利用 Boys have more advantages over girls in finding jobs. 男孩子找工作比女孩子更有优势。 You must take full advantage of the unloaded information. 你应该充分利用这些下载的信息。【考点6】agree 的用法构词： disagree v. 不同意；不一致 agreement n. 1. U 同意，一致 2. C 协定，协议 disagreement n. 意见不同搭配： agree on sth (双方)商定某事；决定某事；在某方面达 成共识 agree to s

6、th (plan, suggestion, idea, arrangement) 同意 sign / break an / the / ones agreement 签署撕毁协 议 reach / arrive at / come to an agreement (with sb) (与某人)达成协议 句型： (quite) agree with sb (on / about sth) agree with (ones opinion / view / what clause) (在某方面)赞 成某人的意见；同意某人(的观点或看法)；与某人的 意见相同 (on后接讨论的具体内容；about后接

7、讨论 的主题) sth agree with sb 适合(某人)；适应(某人) sth agree with sth. 与一致相符 agree to do sth 同意做某事 agree that clause 认为；认同 agree to ones doing sth = agree to let sb do sth 同意某人做某事 sth be agreed 大家都同意 Its generally agreed that. 人们普遍认为 (be)in agreement with sb (about sth) / what sb said (在某方面)与某人意见一致 (be) in agr

8、eement with sb. (on this / that point) (在 这那一点上)同意某人 友情提示：英语中绝不能使用agree sb to do sth 句式。【考例6】(1999上海) The manager has _ to improve the working conditions in the company. A. accepted B. allowed C. permitted D. agreed考查目标 考查动词的搭配与用法。答案与解析D allow和permtt相同，经常接doing或sb. to do；accept一般接名词或代词作宾语；而agree后面可以

9、接动词不定式作宾语。8. cheat vt. vi. 欺骗，作弊 n. 骗子 常用结构：cheat sth. (out) of sb. 骗某人东西 The beggar cheated money of the old lady at the railway station. 乞丐在车站骗了那位老太太的钱。 Its wrong to cheat in exams. 考试作弊是不对的。 注：作名词时通常用 cheat，也可以用 cheater。 He is nothing but a cheat. 他只不过是个骗子。【考点3】employ 的用法 构词： employer n. 雇主；老板 em

10、ployee n. 雇员；雇丁 employment n. 雇用；就业；工作；职业 unemployment n. 失业；失业状态 搭配：be employed in 从事，忙于 句型： employ sb (主动) sb be employed (被动) employ sb as + 职业in 或 at + 地点(主动) sb be employed as + 职业 in 或 at + 地点 (被动， 更常见) 在某单位任某职；受雇于某单位当任 employ sb to do sth (主动) sb be employed to do sth (被动) be employed in doin

11、g sth / on sth. 忙于干某事从 事于某事，时间花在 employ oneself in doing sth / on sth 忙于干某事，从 事于，时间花在 employ ones spare / free / much time in doing sth. 花业余更多时间千某事辨析：employ; engage; hire; let; rent; take on该组词均意为“雇用”，但employ较正式，官方文件一般用employ。受雇人员较广，甚至包括社会地位较高的职业人员，有“聘请”之义，强调工作，不像hire那样侧重于报酬。engage作“雇用某人”解，常指临时或短期的雇

12、用，侧重于雇用专业人员，侧重于动作。hire和rent都有“花钱使用某物”和“把某物使用权出让给别人以收取费用”之意，rent在英国英语中多指用于长时间的场合。如：rent a house，a flat，a TV等；hire多指临时租用某物。如：hire a boat，a car，a camera，a bicycle，an evening dress，a hall for a meeting等，指人时，有“雇用”、“受雇”两种含义。而在美国英语中，rent既可用于长时间的出租，也可用于短时间的出租，多指客户向主人租用房子、土地或其他物品，也可指出租。hire在美国英语中可用来指“雇用(give

13、 a job to)”。Iet作“租用”时，一般指出租人向外出租房子、房间等。另外rent还可作名词，意为“租金；租费”。take on较口语化，表示“雇用某人”。例如：The firm employs the retired professor as an adviser. 这家公司聘这位退休的教授担任顾问。The foreign teachers were engaged from Canada. 这些外籍教师是从加拿大招聘来的。Our school hired the local theatre for its annual concert. 我们学校租用了当地的影剧院举行了一年一度的音

14、乐会。Have you any rooms to let? 你有房间出租吗?She lets the cottage to holiday-makers in the summer.她把房子租给夏天来度假的人。Our house has been rented by a newly-married couple.我们的房子被一对新婚夫妇租去了。Boats are let / rent out in the park for 20 yuan perhour. 公园里出租小船，每小时的租金是20元。We have decided to take on a new clerk in the acco

15、untsdepartment. 我们已经决定在会计部雇用一名新职员。 友情提示：英语中“雇用”的其他表达法：take on；hire；have sb doing sth；rent (租用)；use (借用)；“解雇；开除”的表达法：fire；dismiss；turn / send away；lay off。【考例3】(2003北京春招)- How long _ at this job?- Since 1990. A. were you employed B. have you been employed C. had you been employed D. will you be emplo

16、yed考查目标 考查上下文中时态的运用。答案与解析B 从问句中的how long和回答中的Since 1990都可以知道应该选现在完成时态表示对现在的影响。6. employ vt. 雇用，使用 The farmer employed more workers at harvest time. 这个农场主在收获季节雇用更多工人。 Its important to employ words in writing poem. 写诗用词很重要。 也可以解释为“忙于，从事”。 They were employed in writing when I came.我来的时候他们正忙于写东西。 注：要弄清

17、employ 几个名词的用法：employee (雇工， 雇员)，employer (户主，东家)，employment (就业，雇 用)。【考点4】energy 的用法 构词： energetic adj. 精力充沛的，需要精力去做的 energetically adv. 精力充沛地 搭配： save ones energy for 为而保存精力 be full of energies 精力充沛，精力旺盛 devote ones energy to (doing) sth 致力于 concentrate ones energy on 集中精力在上友情提示：泛指一般意义的“精力”，不可数；具体

18、指某人做事的“精力”，用复数。【考例4】NMET 1996Many countries are increasingtheir use of natural gas, wind and other forms of _. A. energy B. source C. power D. material考查目标 本题考查 energy 及其近义词的区别。答案与解析A natural gas和wind属于energy范畴。【考点7】fact 的用法句型：英语中的“事实上。实际上，其实”可表达为： as a matter of fact in (actual) fact in point of fa

19、ct The fact (of the matter) is (that). Its a fact that.在提供某种信息来强调已经说过的某物某事时，或在不同意某人说过的某物某事时，使用以上表达。【考例7】(2004浙江) The winter of 1990 was extremelybad, _ most people say it was the worst winterof their lives. A. At last B. In fact C. In a word D. As a result考查目标 考查短语在实际语境中的用法。答案与解析B at last 表示“最后”；in

20、fact 表示“事实上”；in a word 表示“总而言之”；as a result表示“结果是”。结合上下文意思应该是“1990年冬天特别糟糕。事实情况是，大多数人都说是他们一生中最糟糕的一个冬天”。【考点2】form 的用法 构词： formation n. 形成；组成 formal adj. 形式上的；正式的 informal adj. 非正式的 搭配： form in line 站好队；排成纵队 in the form of 以形式 fill in / out the form 填表格 be in / out of form 处于良好(不好)的竞技状态 in form 形式上【考例2

21、】(2004全国卷III) Reading is an experiencequite different from watching TV; There are pictures_ in your mind instead of before your eyes. A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed考查目标 考查非谓语动词的实际运用。答案与解析C There be 句型后面经常接动词-ing形式表示该名词 pictures 与 in your mind 的关系是主动的而该动作表示主动进行。3. form vt. & vi. 组成；形成

22、 n. CU形式；表 格；种类 词组 in the form of 以的形式 fiIl in / out forms 填写表格 take the form of 采取的形式 in good form 竞技状态良好 form the habit of 形成的习惯 Form good habits while you are young. 趁年轻时，养成好习惯。4. influence n. CU 影响(力)，感化(力) U 势 力，权力 vt. 对有影响；感化 A teacher has great influence over his pupil. 教师对学生有很大的影响力。 Heredity

23、 and environment are influences on character. 遗传和环境是影响性格的因素。5. judge v. 判断，判决 n. 法官，裁判 (1) 动词用法 Dont judge a person by his appearance. 不要以貌取人。 Judging from his skin，he is from Africa. 从皮肤判断他是非洲人。 注：虽然逻辑主谓上判断应该用Judged from.，但 习惯用法是Judging from.。 (2) 名词用法 Who will act as iudge in the final match? 谁担任决

24、赛的裁判? 注：作“判决，判断”解时名词用judgment。 He is a man without judgment. 他是一个没有判断能力的人。【考点5】remain 的用法 构词： remainder n. 剩下的(东西、人) remaining adj. 剩下的 remains n. 剩余物；遗址；废墟 句型： remain + n. / adv. / adj./ 分词 / prep. phrase 仍 remain to do / to be done 有待于(remain to be seen / found 尚待分晓，有待于进一步观看，拭目以 待尚待发现) There remai

25、n(s). 只剩下；只留下【考例5】NMET 2002 Having a trip abroad is certainlygood for the old couple, but it remains _whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen考查目标 remain 的基本用法。答案与解析B remain 既是系动词，有时又作实义动词。作实义动词的时候可以接动词不定式的各种形式。包括不定式的被动式。7. remain vi. 仍然，留下 可作为特殊系动词来理解，相当于be still，后面常 接形

26、容词、分词等。 She remains weak after a year of rest. 休息一年后她的身体仍然虚弱。 作“留下”解释时，相当于stay后接副词或短语作状 语。 He will not remain alone at home. 他不愿单独留在家里。9. require vt. 需要，要求 后面可以接名词、动名词，不定式和从句。 I require supper earlier today. 今天晚饭我需要早一点。 She required that we (should) call her up soon. 她要求我们应该马上打电话给她。 The documents re

27、quire taking good care of. = The document requires to be taken care of. 这些文件必需保管好。 注：sth. require doing 以主动形式表示被动意义，相 当于sth. require to be done。1. state C n. 状态，国家，(美国等国)州 讲，声明，陈述 (1) 名词用法 Water has three states: solid, liquid and gas. 水有三种状态：固态、液态和气态。 Everything was in a state of order. 一切都井井有条。 (2

28、) 动词用法 I stated my views at the meeting. 我在会上陈述了我的观点。 注：表示“陈述，声明”时名词是 statement。 The government issued an official statement. 政府发表了一项正式声明。牛刀小试1用所给单词的适当形式填空：(fact, advantage, remain, employ, agree, surprise,form, energy)1. It is generally _ that taking drugs is very dangerous.2. What _ me most was th

29、at a girl of only six could play the violin so well.3. After finishing his college education. Susan _ in a big company as a secretary.4. This method has the _ of saving a lot of fuel.5. Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health _ poor.6. It is a _ that English is being accepted as an inter

30、national language.7. Have a good rest; you need to save your _ for the tennis match this a|ternoon.8. A plan began to _ in his mind. 【短语归类】【考点5】clear up 和clean up clear up 整理；消除；澄清；放晴 clean up 彻底打扫；清理干净例句 Would you clean up this room before our visitorsarrive?客人到来之前，你打扫房间好吗?She WOUld like to have a

31、talk with her classmate to clearup their misunderstanding. 他想和同学交谈以解除他们之间的误会。There are some points Id like to clear up. 有几点我要澄清一下。【考例5】On his mothers arrival，the crying boys face_. A. cleared up B. clearled up C. was lit up D. reflected up考查目标 此题主要考查短语辨义问题。答案与解析A light up此处不用被动态。D不合题意。【考点l】与 consist

32、 有关的短语 consist of 由组成 (= be made up of) consist in 在于例句 The club consists of more than 200 members. 俱乐部南200多个成员组成。The beauty oF the village consists in its clean air andpeaceful environment. 这个村庄的美丽之处在于它清洁的空气和幽静的环境。 友情提示：consist of 不用于被动语态。【考例1】The opening province which _ thirteencounties and three

33、 coastal cities will quicken its paces of economic development. A. consists of B. makes up C. is included D. is contained考查目标 此题主要考查相似意义的短语或动词的用法辨义问题。答案与解析A B应该使用被动结构即：is madeup of。C不应该使用被动语态。而D本身是错误的，在本题中不可使用。10. deal with 处理，对付 How can I deal with the problem? 我应该如何处理这个问题? (相当于：What can I do with

34、the problem?) Deal with aman as he deals with you. 以其人之道还治其人之身。 deal with 也可译作“与有生意来往”。 We have dealt with the finn for many years. 我们和这家公司有多年生意来往。【考点4】in storehave / keep / hold.in store 储藏着；准备着；将发生的例句 Nobody knows what the future may hold instore. 没有人知道将来会是怎样。There was a big surprise in store. 有一个

35、大惊奇在等着呢。【考例4】There was another accident _ for himthat day. A. in the way B. in store C. in effect D. in case考查目标 此题主要考查短语辨义。答案与解析B in the way 挡路。in effect 事实上。in case 万一，以防。【考点2】与 point 有关的短语 at the point 在某处；一度 to the point 切中要点 off the point 离题 be on the point of doing sth when. 正要做某事 突然 Theres no

36、 point (in) doing sth 做某事没有意义 point at / to 指向 point out 指出例句 At one point at the meeting the manager nearlylost his temper. 会上经理一度几乎大发脾气。His remarks on the matter were much to the point. 他就这事的评论非常切中要点。The boy was on the point of going to bed when the telephone rang. 这孩子正要上床睡觉这时电话响了。Theres very litt

37、le point in arguing further. 再争论下去意义不大。【考例2】The peaks flue so close to each other that thedistance between them _ is 5 meters. A. to the point B. at one point C. at the point D. On the point考查目标 此题主要考查短语的辨义问题。 答案与解析B 两座山峰如此紧靠着以至于最贴近的一处距离仅为五米。【考点3】“动词 + 名词 + 介词”短语 make the most of = make the best of

38、= make full use of 充分利用 pay attention to 注意 take care of 照看；照顾 take notice of 注意 make notes of 纪录例句The most must be made of these natural resources to develop the economy of the country. 要充分利用自然资源来发展国家的经济。Our attention should be paid to water pollution. 我们应该注意水的污染问题。 友情提示：这类三词词组的被动态形式有两种：一是把介词后的宾语作为

39、被动态的主语；二是把中间的名词作为被动态的主语。【考例 3】Has the boy who was made use of _ realized his mistakes? A. stealing B. to steal C. for stealing D. stolen考查目标 此题主要考查短语后的非谓语动词形式。答案与解析B “利用去做某事”。要用不定式作目的状语，即：makeuse of.to do sth。句中的of有宾语，就是前面的the boy。题意是：那个被人利用去偷盗的男孩意识到自己的错误了吗?牛刀小试21. Education does not consist simply

40、_ learning a lot of facts. A. in B. with C. of D. for2. The boy received low marks for his essay, as much ofit was _ the point. A. to B. at C. on D. off3. The _ should be made of the working time_ production. A. most; to increase B. use; increasing C. best; and be increased D. full; for increasing4.

41、 The electricity was cut off because of the storm.luckily we had plenty of candles _ store. A. with B. at C. for D. in5. It was still rainy this morning but now it has at last. A. cleaned up B. cleared up C. cleaned away D. clcared away 词语比较1. pleasant, pleasing, pleased (1) pleasant 可作定语和表语。修饰事物，不能

42、修饰 人。因此句子的主语只能是表示事物的词语，而不 能是人。意思是“令人愉快的，令人高兴的”。 I hope youll have a pleasant holiday. 我希望你能过一个愉快的假期。 (2) pleasing “令人高兴的，令人愉快的”，表示宁静、 满意、令人满足之意。侧重于表示接受对象的情感， 传递主观感受。比 pleasant 稍弱。主语可为人或事 物。 An actor should have a pleasing personality. 表演者应当具有一种令人愉快的个性。 (3) pleased “高兴的，感到满意的”含义与glad基本相 同。作表语时，句子的主语只

43、能是“人”，而不能是表 示事物的词语。be pleased with 表示“对表示满 意”之意。 She had a pleased look 0n his face. 她脸上露出了满意的表情。2. be made up of, be made of, be made from, be made into (1) be made up of 由组成。 The United States is made up of fifty states. 美国由五十个州组成。 (2) be made of 由制成 (成品看得出原料)。 The table ismade of wood. 这张桌子由木材制成。

44、 (3) be made from 由制成(成品看不出原料)。 This kind of paper is made from wood. 这种纸张由木材制成。 (4) be made into 由(原料)制成(成品)。 The bamboo can be made into many useful things. 竹子可以制成很多有用的东西。3. lay, lie (1) lay 常用作及物动词，意为“放置，铺设；产(卵)； 布置；下蛋”等，是不规则动词。其变化为：laid, laid, laying。 She laid the paper on my desk. 她把文件放在我桌子上。 T

45、he workers are laying down a cable. 工人们在铺设电线。 (2) lie 作不及物动词。其基本含义是：躺；卧；位于， 是不规则动词。其变化为：lay, lain, lying。 The hospital lay where a school is located. 这个医院过去就在现在学校所在的地方。 (3) lie作不及物动词。它的另一个含义是：说谎，是 规则动词。其变化为：lied, lied, lying。 He is lying, said the girl angrily, lying on the hay. “他在说谎。”那个女孩躺在干草上，气愤地

46、说。4. in time, on time (1) in time 除了译作“及时”，还可译作“最终”或“总 有一天”。 Her helping me in time saved me plenty of time. 她的及时帮助使我省了很多时间。 (2) on time，意为“准时” Everyone is requiredtobe present atthe party on time. 要求每个人准时参加聚会。 time 组成的词组已学过的还有: at a time (一次), in no time (立刻), at that (the) time(那时), at times (有 时)

47、, at any time (在任何时候)等。 句型诠释1. .to see it as it really is: a nation 0f different countries held together by a coinmon language and culture. 结果大不列颠 (it) 的现实依然是：一个由共同 语言文化联系在一起的不同国家组成的联邦。 as + 主语 + be意为“如同事实”。 We have to face up to the fact as it is. 我们必须面对现实。 The old trees are as they were fifty year

48、s ago. 这些树和五十年前没什么两样。2. Mobile phones stop teenagers from spending money on clothes or cigarettes. 有了移动电话使少年把更少的钱花在服装和抽烟方 面。 “stop.(from) doing.”意为“阻止做，防止 发生”，from可省略。 The accident stopped me (from) arriving on time. 这场事故使我没能及时到。 The waste water is stopped from being poured into the river. 废水禁止倒入这条河

49、里。 注：stop用作被动语态时from不能省略。3. They realize that it is 0f great value t0 record and teach them to the younger generation. “of + 抽象名词”相当于一个形容词在句中作表语、 定语或补语。“it is of great valHe”相当于“it is greatlv valuable”。 The meeting is of great importance. 这次会议很重要。 The medicine proves (to be) of little help. 这种药证明无效。

50、 she is a girl of strong will. 她是一个意志坚强的女孩。 4. To ensure safety, the train is controlled by an advanced computer system. 为了确保安全，火车由先进的电脑系统控制。 不定式放句首通常表示目的。 To make himself heard, he raised his voice. 为了让别人听见，他提高了嗓门。 To look after her sick father, she had to ask for a two-week leave. 为了照顾生病的父亲，她请了两周假

51、。5. It + (so) happenthat. 该句型意为“(那么)碰巧偶然” It so happened that you were out when I called you. 那么巧，我打电话给你时你不在家。 It happened that I met an old friend of mine in the park yesterday. 昨天我在公园偶然遇到我的一个老朋友。 注：上述从句可用不定式改写为： You were happened to be out when. I happened t0 meet an 0ld mend of mine 6. It doesnt

52、matter / makes no difference that. 用法类似，意思相近，意为“没关系不要紧”。 It doesnt matter who will go with me. 谁和我去都可以。 It makes no difference whether he will go or not.他去不去无关紧要。【句型归纳】【考点1】In the summer months the difference in temper-ature between London and the north can be as much asnine degrees. 夏季，伦敦和北方的温差可达9度。本句中，as much as 的意思是“与差不多。多达”，表示“量”上的比较。例如：The difference between his income and mine can be asmuch as l,000 yuan at least. 他的收入和我的至