高一 英语unit2 、1vocabulary.ppt

1、Vocabulary,1. Do you know that there is more than one kind of English in the world? 你知道世界上不止有一种英语吗？ more than one +名词单数, 后面的谓语动词用单数。 More than one to go swimming.,student wants,We advertised for pupils last autumn, and got _60. (98.上海) A. more than B. more of C. as much as D. so many as,高考链接,2. In s

2、ome important ways they are very different from one another. 在某些重要方面, 它们彼此有些差异。 be different from be the same as 3. go to the pictures/ movies/ cinema 4. by underground/ subway,5. official adj. 官方的，正式的 language news n. 政府官员 An important official will visit our school. officer n. 军官 He is an officer

3、in the army.,6.Nearly all of them lived in England. nearly和almost 用法明辨： (1)两者通用的场合 a. 在肯定句中 b. 修饰all, every, always 等时 c. 在行为动词的否定式前时 He is almost/ nearly 80 years old.,(2)只用almost 的场合 a. 和any, no, nothing, nobody, none, nowhere, never 等连用时。 b. 和too, more than 等连用时。 c. 和表示感觉或心理活动的静态 动词连用时。 There is

4、almost none left. (3)只用nearly的场合 a. 被 very, not, pretty等修饰时。 b. 和具体数字连用时(nearly常用)。 Nearly 10 students attended the meeting.,7. voyage 在此为可数名词, 意为“旅行, 航行”。如： They supplied this ship with enough food and necessities for a long voyage.,voyage还可用作动词, 意为“(乘船) 航行, 航海”。如： They planned to voyage across the

5、 Pacific Ocean. 注意区别名词travel, journey, trip 和voyage: travel用作不可数名词, 只用于泛指从 某地去另一地, 如果某人在某段时间里 到处走, 可用travels；,journey用作可数名词, 表示去某地所花 的时间和旅行的距离, 尤指较长距离 的或定期的旅行; trip用作可数名词, 表示非定期的, 也许较短的往返旅行; voyage则常指海上旅行或太空旅行。 Air travel is becoming cheaper. Hes on his travels again. Li had a long and difficult jou

6、rney through the mountains last year. The kids are going on a trip to the castle.,8. because of 后边加名词或动名词短语 because 是连词, 所以后边跟句子,Because you are concerned about me, I find that life is full of hope.,Because of your concern, I find that life is full of hope.,因为你的关心, 我发现生活充满了希望。,9. than ever before “比

7、以往任何时候更” than ever before可看作是than they ever speak English before 的省略形式。 在比较级结构中, 副词 ever 与比较级 和最高级连用, 用来加强语气。如: Youll speak English much better than ever before. Jane looks much prettier than ever before.,ever在不同句型中的意义： 1)曾经; 以前 (用于疑问句) 2)无论什么时候都(不) (用于否定句) 3)曾经(用于if 从句) 4)到底; 究竟 (用于特殊疑问句) 5)永远; 老是

8、(用于肯定句),10. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English. even if =even though “即使”, 用来引导 一个让步状语从句, 后面既可以用陈述 语气, 也可用虚拟语气, 但是even if / though 引导的从句不用将来时。如: Even if it rains tomorrow, we will leave for Beijing.,用if, as if, even if填空。 (1) _ I had mo

9、ney, I wouldnt buy it. (2) _ I had money, I would buy it. (3) It looks _ it is going to rain. (even if 引导让步状语从句; if 引导条件 状语从句; as if/ though “似乎是” 引导方式状语从句),Even if,If,as if,注意: (1) even if (= even though): in spite of the fact; no matter whether 即使; 尽管 是连词词组, 用来引导让步状语从句; 若主、 从句皆表示将来情况, 从句中可用一般现在 时代

10、替将来时。 (2) even if 从句所说的不那么肯定。 even though 从句是事实。 e.g: Even if he is poor, she loves him. (=He may be poor, yet she loves him.) (Even) though he is poor, she loves him. (= He is poor, yet she loves him.),When talking to a friend over the telephone , you feel that you are close _ the actual distance i

11、s not shortened. A. but B. even if C. so D. because,B,A child came up to me and showed me the way to the station. the sun comes up in the east. New shoots of bamboo will come up from around the roots of the old ones. Your question came up at the meeting. come about 出现; 发生,11. come up 上来, 走近; 发芽; 被提出

12、; 升起,走近, 上来,升起,被提出讨论,come across 偶然遇到或找到 come around 恢复; 还原; 改变某人的 意见或立场 come down 传承; 按习惯通过或处理 come out 成为众所周知; 发行或发表; 结果; 自己公开宣布 come over 过来; 偶然拜访 come up with 宣布或发现 The doctor came up with a cure for the disease.,1. His car _ the terrible traffic jam, so he had to call off his appointment with h

13、is doctor. A. came about B. came across C. came up D. come on 2. -How did it _ that you made such a silly mistake? -I myself havent figured it out yet. A. bring about B. come about C. come across D. come on,12. So why has English changed over time? 那么, 英语在一段时间里为什么会起变化呢？ over 贯穿, 经过(一段时间) . Over the

14、years, he has become more patient. 经过这些年, 他变得更有耐心。 . 周末她会来杭州。 She will come to Hangzhou over the weekend. .圣诞节时你在家吗？ Will you stay at home over Christmas? over 超过(=more than), 再三 (again) over 2 minutes over and over,13. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. 当时的英语更多的是以德语为基

15、础的, 而现代英语不是。 1) base v. 意为“以为根据, 把基础设在”, 常构成短语 base sth. on/upon sth。如： .This film is based on a novel by D. H. Lawrence.,base还可用作名词, 意为“底部, 基地, 基础”等。如:,There is a door at the base of the tower. How many military bases are they maintaining on foreign soil? Many languages have Latin as their base. 掌握

16、base构成的两个短语： be off base 完全错误, 大错特错 touch base (with) sb (跟某人)联系上, 逗留,2) morethan 是而不是; 与其说不如说; 中间接相同成分。 He is more a friend than a teacher. He is more lazy than stupid. 扩展: more than 不仅仅; 多于; 十分 e.g. He is more than a teacher in our school. He made more than ten friends in this club. She is more th

17、an beautiful. rather than 而不是; less than少于； other than 除之外,3) present,adj. 当前的, 现在的 (作前置定语) Did you see the present national leaders? Can you tell us something about the present situation? 出席的, 在场的(作表语或后置定语) Our teacher was present at the meeting. All the people present agree to my plan.,n. 目前, 现在;

18、礼物 I cant spare time because I am busy at present. What present did you receive from your parents? at present: now; at this time/moment Shes busy at present and cant speak to you. 她现在很忙, 不能跟你谈话。 At present he is a professor of mathematics at Cambridge. 目前他是剑桥大学的数学教授。,vt. 赠与, 赠给予, 给, 提出 present sb. w

19、ith sth.或present sth. to sb. 把交给, 颁发, 授予 如: Mother presented a gift to me just now. On his birthday, his friends presented him with a series of readers. /presented a series of readers to him. (送给他一套读本),14. Shakespeare made use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. 莎士比亚使用了比以往任何时候更为 广泛的词汇量。 make use

20、 of 利用, 使用 make good / full use of 充分使用 make no use of sth. 没有利用 We could make good use of our resources. 我们应该充分利用好我们的资源。 Every minute should be made good use of. 每一分钟都应该很好地利用。,She makes use of people she meets as heroes for her novel. We should make good use of time to study. 拓展 make构成的常见短语: make o

21、f， make from 通常用于被动语态, 构成be made of, be made from 都 表示“由制成”。,其中be made of 表示在产品中能够看出 原材料; be made from 表示在产品中 看不出原材料。 make up 编写, 编造;和解 make up of 由组成/构成； make up for 弥补, 补偿 make out 理解, 弄懂; 看清, (勉强) 辨认出; 假装, 装成 make into 制成 make it 成功, 办成; 及时赶到,15. the number of/ a number of the number of “.的数目”, 接

22、可数 名词复数, 其后谓语动词用单数。 The number of undergraduates has increased over the years. a number of 许多, 大量 (后接复数名词), 其后谓语动词用复数。 (a great number of /a large number of / a small number of ) A number of teachers are on leave.,The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reas

23、ons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were,C,注意: 只能修饰可数名词的 a large/ great/ good number of, a good/ great many, dozens of, scores of（score 二十）, quite a few,只能修饰不可数名词的： a great deal of, a large amount of, quite a little, a large sum of 既可修饰可数也可修饰不可数名词的： plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a la

24、rge quantity of,16. such as 发生影响; 起作用; 判断 tell A from B: 区分, 分别 Can you tell Tom from his twin brother?,18. frequently adv. 经常地, 频繁地 e.g. He was frequently drunk. Stores of grain are frequently attacked by pests.,frequently的形容词是frequent, 意为 “经常的, 频繁的”。如： He is a frequent visitor to our house. Her he

25、adaches are becoming less frequent. frequent还可用作动词, 意为“常到, 常去”。如： The bar was frequented by actors from the nearby theatre. These woods are frequented by all kinds of birds.,I词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料),要点提炼,Important words,1.地铁 2.电梯 3.汽油 4.官方的 5.航行 6.本地的 7.公寓 8.事实上 9.基础 10.逐渐地 11.词汇量 12.拼写 13.后者的 14.身份；本身

26、15.流畅的 16.频繁的,1). It is tiring to take a long _ by train from Paris to Moscow. 2). The _ from England to Australia used to take several months. 3). Well have time for a _ to France next weekend. 4). We went on a guided _ round the castle.,voyage: 去国外或较远地方的海上旅行 journey: 指较远的从一地到另一地旅行 travel: 一系列的旅程，尤

27、指旅行的概念 trip: (短途)旅行 tour: 为了公务、娱乐或教育参观多处名胜的旅行,voyage,journey,trip,tour,1. voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour,2. recognize/realize/know,(1)Only after you lose your health will you _ the importance of health. (2)Ive _ Tom for years. (3)I _ him as soon as he came into the room,(1)recognize 指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间

28、隔或别的原因后又重新认出来。 (2)realize 强调在经过一个过程后的了解。 (3)know 是延续性动词，指互相间十分熟悉、十分了解,realize,know,recognize,1) What did he _ say? (actual) 2) The _ cost was much higher than we had expected. (actual) 3）My knowledge of physics is pretty _. (base) 4）She used her familys history as a _ for her novel. (base) 5）This no

29、vel is _ on historical facts. (base) 6）He is interested in _ customs. (east) 7) The wind is blowing from the _. (east),4. actually / basic/ east,actually,actual,basic,base,based,eastern,east,3.frequent/common/ordinary/general/regular,1). This is a _ problem. 2). He often makes _ errors of judgment.

30、3). Look at the trains _ schedule. 4)The violinist gave a very _ performance marked by an occasional memory lapse. 5)As a _ rule I am home by six.,common,frequent,regular,ordinary,general,frequent经常的，时间或间歇很短的发生或出现 common 通常的、常发生的、广泛使用或众所周知的 ordinary指种类普通且不能从其他中加以区别的，有时含贬义 general一般性的，到处的；不限于领域、地区或应用

31、 regular平常的；惯例的；习惯性的、通常的或正常的, request n.& v. 请求；要求, He requested me _ (write) a letter of recommendation. He requested that I _(write) a letter of recommendation. The passengers _(request) to show their passports.,request sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事 request that sb (should) do 要求某人做某事,to write,write,are re

32、quested,1. 不只有一种英语 2. 在一些重要方面 3. 彼此不同 4. 与现代英语不同 5. 世界英语 6. 起着的重要作用 7. 起着越来越重要的作用 8. 因为它特殊的作用 9. 国际语言 10. 在16世纪末,more than one kind of English,in some important ways,be different from one another,be different from modern / present day English,world Englishes,play an important role / part,play a more

33、 and more /an increasingly important part / role,because of its special role,an international language,at the end of the 16 th century, phrases review,像command一样，其后的名词性从句的谓语用 “(should)+ 动词原形”的常用词有： 一个“坚持(insist)”； 两个“命令(order，command)”； 三个“建议(suggest，advise，propose)”； 四个“要求(demand，ask，require，reques

34、t)”；,1). 我是（特别）应你要求而来。 2). 请不要吸烟。,中译英,I came at your (special) request.,You are (kindly) requested not to smoke.,11. 在17世纪初 12. 在20世纪前期 13. 比以往任何时候都 14. 即使 15. 以德语为基础 16. 使用更大的词汇量 17. 它自己的特色 18. 众多讲英语的人 19. 学英语的人数 20. 迅速增长,at the beginning of the 17 th century,than ever before,in the early 20 th cen

35、tury,be based on German,make use of a wider vocabulary,its own identity,a very large number of English speakers,the number of people learning English,increase rapidly,even if / even though,短语训练营,请选用方框内所给短语的适当形式完成下列句子。,such as； because of； base on； come up； believe it or not； at the end of,1. He real

36、ized that she was crying _ what he had said. 2. _, John has passed the driving test.,because of,Believe it or not,such as； because of； base on； come up； believe it or not； at the end of,3. This book is _ a true story. 4. A beggar _ to us and asked for money. 5. They had an English exam _ last month. 6. Girls _ Ann and Lucy are very friendly.,such as,based on,came up,at the end of, 用适当的介词填空,1). For the first time in years, she felt _ command of her life. 2). The