非谓语动词-过去分词的用法.ppt

1、Grammar,The Use Of V - ed,动词-ed形式作 定语 动词-ed形式作 表语 动词-ed形式作 补语 动词-ed形式作 状语,过去分词作定语,表示分词动作与所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系。单一的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前;过去分词短语作定语放在被修饰之后,过去分词及过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句。,动词-ed形式作定语, 及物动词的过去分词作定语 除表示“完成”的动作之外, 还表示“被动”的意义。如： spoken English ；iced beer ；cooked food ; fried chips ; 不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作

2、, 而不表示“被动”意义。如: boiled water; fallen leaves ，the risen sun等。,1. The tall man is a returned student 2. My parents are both retired teachers,The ground is covered by _ (fall) leaves.,fallen,Past Participle used as attribute,She is drinking _ (boil) water.,boiled,She is drinking the water which was boi

3、led., 动词-ed形式作定语时，在意思上相当于一个定语从句。 1. Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗? (=that has been planned for tonight) 2. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success 这次会议有很多人出席, 开得很成功。 (=which was attended by a lot of people),破损的窗户很快就会被换掉。 _will be replaced soon. = The window which wa

4、s broken will be replaced soon.,昨天买的书确实不错。 The books _are of high quality. = the books which were bought yesterday are of high quality.,The broken window,bought yesterday,Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.,Most of the artists to the party were from South Africa. A.invited B.

5、 to invite C.being invited D. had been invited 2) The first text books for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B.to be written C. being written D. written,高考题,3) The Olympic games, in 776 BC, didnt include women players until 1912. A. first playing

6、B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing 4) Prices of daily foods through a computer can be lower than prices in stores. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying,5) Mr. Smith,_ of the speech, started to read a _ novel. A. tired, boring B. tiring, bored C. tired, bored D.

7、tiring, boring,过去分词作表语, 表示主语的状态, 且该状态通常是由外界因素引起的。这时过去分词可以被看作一个形容词, 是形容词化的过去分词。 如: Im interested in reading novels written by Jin Yong. When we heard of it, we were deeply moved He seemed quite delighted at the idea,动词-ed形式作表语,常见的作表语的过去分词有: amused(愉快的)； broken(碎了的)；closed(关闭的)； astonished(吃惊的)；crowde

8、d(拥挤的)； experienced(有经验的); delighted(高兴的)； lost(丢失的)； gone(遗失的)； disappointed(失望的)；worried(担忧的)； interested(感兴趣的) tired(疲劳的) pleased(高兴的)；satisfied(满意的)； surprised(吃惊的); married(已婚的)； known(著名的) 等等,作表语的-ed形式可被much, very, quite等所修饰。 I was very pleased at the news 听了这消息我很高兴。 He grew much tired of the

9、work 他十分厌倦这工作。 He seemed quite delighted at the idea. 听了这想法他似乎很高兴。,Past Participle used as predicative,The shop is _(close).,closed,Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ (pay) by the hour.,paid,There are two glasses which are _ (break).,broken,There are two broken glasses.,Complete the table wi

10、th phrases that have the same meaning.,1) As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed 2) The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating,高考题,动词-ed形式作补语,能用作宾语补足语的过

11、去分词一般都是及物动词,表示“被动”或“完成”意义，作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。 She found the door broken in when she came back My grandfather had his old house rebuilt,(1) 动词-ed形式可作表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等。,I have never heard him spoken ill of by others. 我从未听过有人说他

12、的坏话。 She felt a great weight taken off her mind 她觉得心里轻松了些。 They considered the matter settled 他们认为这问题解决了。,(2) 动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补 足语, 这类动词包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hold等。 I have my hair cut once a month 我每个月理一次发。 He was trying to make himself understood 他正努力使别人听懂自己。 She held her hands pressed ag

13、ainst her face. 她用双手按着脸。, (请人)把某事做完。 She had her house repaired 她请人把屋子修好了。 Where did you have your hair cut? 你在哪儿理的发?,“have+宾语+done”结构有三个含义：, 遭遇某种意外情况。 He had his hat blown away on his way home 在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。 She had her wallet stolen yesterday. 昨天她的钱包被偷了。, 完成某事 (自己也可能参与)。 I have had all my spellin

14、g mistakes corrected 我把所有的拼写错误都改正了。 He has had one thousand yuan saved this year 他今年已存了1000元。,(3) 动词-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命 令等动词的宾语补足语，这类动词包括 like，want, wish, expect, order等”这一类 动词的后面作宾语补足语。 He wont like such questions discussed at the meeting 他不喜欢在会议上讨论这样的问题。 The students wish the TV serial plays continue

15、d 学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。,(4) 过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中, 过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。 With many brightly colored flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden 周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花, 他的房子看上就像一座漂亮的花园。,1. 我们发现她变了很多。 _. 2. 什么使他们这样害怕？ _. 3. 他不想让这样的问题在会上讨论。 He wont like such questions _,We found her great

16、ly changed,What made them so frightened?,discussed at the meeting,1) - Good morning. Can I help you? - Id like to have this package _, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed,高考题,2) The missing boys were last seen _ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. played 3

17、) The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year. A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out,4) Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _ went wrong again. A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired,过去分词作状语可表示时间、地点

18、、原因、条件、让步、伴随等意义。过去分词状语相当于状语从句, 若过去分词作状语,句子的主语与分词所表示的动作构成动宾关系, 即是该分词动作的承受者。,动词-ed形式作状语,China Pavilion,When China Pavilion is seen from the distance, it looks like a Chinese crown(皇冠).,When seen from the distance, China Pavilion looks like a Chinese crown.,Footprints 东方足迹,Because the trees were decora

19、ted with colorful lights, they made an excellent impression on us.,Because decorated with colorful lights, the trees made an excellent impression on us,If we are given a chance to go on a trip by railcar, called “tour of wisdom”, we should treasure it.,The Dialogue 寻觅之旅,If given a chance to go on a

20、trip by railcar, called “tour of wisdom”, we should treasure it.,We entered Section 3 low carbon exhibition, as we were followed by a group of beautiful girl models.,The Vision 低碳行动,Followed by a group of beautiful girl models, We entered Section 3 low carbon exhibition.,What we felt after the trip,

21、Though we were exhausted, we spent a meaningful and unforgettable time in it.,Though exhausted, we spent a meaningful and unforgettable time in it.,高考题,_ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose 2. If _ the same treatment again, hes sure to

22、get well. A. giving B. give C. given D. being given,3. _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared 4. _ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Havi

23、ng dressed,5. Unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited 6. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun,7._for his expert advice, Holmes was abl

24、e to help a great number of people with their personal affairs. A. He was known B. Well known C. Having known D. Been known,现在分词与过去分词的区别: 在定语中 现在分词作定语常表示“主动”和“进行”,过去分词则常表示 “被动”和“完成”;被修饰的名词一般是现在分词的逻辑主语,是过去分词的逻辑宾语。,I know the man standing there. 主动 Is there anything planned for tonight? 被动,现在分词: 表示正在进

25、行的动作,过去分词: 表示完成的意思,the rising sun 正在升起的太阳 the risen sun 已经升起的太阳,the falling leaves 正在落下的叶子 the fallen leaves 落叶（已经完成）,boiling water 沸腾的水 boiled water 开水,过去分词和V-ing形式都可以看做一个形容词，但是： 表主动的, 进行的， -含有“令人”之意 表被动的, 完成的， -含有“感到”之意,V-ing形式,过去分词, 在表语中,At the sight of the _ scene, all the people present were _

26、to tears. 看到这么动人的情景, 所有 在场的人都感动得流下了眼泪。,move,moved,moving,We get _ when we see this _ picture.,excited,exciting,excite,amusing, amused; encouraging, encouraged; disappointing, disappointed; puzzling, puzzled; satisfying, satisfied; tiring, tired; pleasing, pleased; astonishing, astonished 等。,英语中这样的分词

27、还有很多, 如：,注意: 作表语的过去分词表示状态,构成被动语态的过去分词表示动作: The book is well written. (表语) The book was written by a soldier. (被动语态), 在 宾语补足语中 现在分词作补足语,被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑主语(即主动关系);过去分词作补足语,被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑宾语(即被动关系)。 如: I heard someone calling me. I heard my name called. 我听见有人喊我。, 在状语中 过去分词作状语与现在分词作状语的区别在于: 过去分词与句子主语构成动宾关系

28、, 而现在分词与句子主语构成主谓关系。,Seeing from the top of the hill , we find the city beautiful . Seen from the top of the hill , the city is very beautiful .,实战高考,1. _ (污染的)air and water are harmful to peoples health. 2. The problem _ (在会议上讨论的) yesterday was very difficult to solve.,Polluted,discussed at the meet

29、ing,完成句子。,3. He became _ (兴奋) when he heard he had won the first place in the competition. 4. I am _ (感兴趣) in the story. 5. I havent got the film _ (冲洗)yet. 6. Do you know the man _ (站) beside the door?,excited,interested,developed,standing,7. John Snow told the story about the _ (astonish) people i

30、n Broad Street. 8. Some of the people _ (invite) to the party couldnt come. 9. There is a car _ (park) outside the house.,astonished,invited,parked,10. The experience _ (gain) will be of great value to us. 11. These seats are _ (reserve) for you. 12. The library is _ (close) on weekends. 13. Dont dr

31、ink the _ (pollute) water. 14. The _ (worry) mother looked at her_ (worry) son, looking _(worry).,gained,reserved,closed,polluted,worried,worrying,worried,单项选择： 1.You can make yourself _in English pretty well if you keep on speaking the language. understand B. understanding C. to understand D. under

32、stood 2.- There is a hole in your bag. - I know. Im going to have it _. mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended,D,C,3.-How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? - The key _ the problem is to meet the demand _ by the customers. to solving; making B. to solving; ma

33、de C. to solve; making D. to solve; made,4.English is a language _ all around the world and is the _ language of most international organizations. to speak, working B. spoken , working C. speaking, worked D. spoken, worked,B,B,5.A: Who are those people with the banner? B: A group _ itself the League

34、 for Peace. A .calling B. calls C. called D. is called 6.There was a terrible noise_ a sudden burst of light. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed,A,B,7.How to feed a _ population is a problem that is _ many people. growing, troubling B. grown, troubled C. growing, troubled D. g

35、rown, troubling 8.He found a magazine _ with the owners name_ on the desk with the back cover _ off. marking, lying, torn B. marked, lying, torn C. marked, laid, tearing D. marking, laying, tearing,A,B,9. From the dates _ on the gold coin, we decided that it was made five hundred years ago. A. marki

36、ng B. marked C. to be marked D. having been marked 10. Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents _. A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry,11. With _ leaves _ in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer. A. falling; burying B. falle

37、n; buried C. fallen; burying D. falling; buried 12. Friendship is like money easier made than _. A. kept B. to be kept C. to keeping D. being kept,13. Dont use words, expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known 14. John

38、 rushed out in a hurry, _ the door _. A. leaving; unlocked B. leaving; unlocking C. left; unlocking D. to leave; unlocking,15. The girl _ forward to buying a new gold watch. A. referred to look B. referred to looking C. referred to looks D. referring to looks 16. The disc, digitally _ in the studio,

39、 sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded,17. Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, _ as 3M. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known,18.You should understand the traffic rule by now. Youve had it _ ofte

40、n enough. A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D. explained,B,D,19. After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home_. A. exhausting B. exhausted C. being exhausted D. having exhausted 20. He tried to _ in Japanese. A. understand himself B. make himself understanding C. make himself unde

41、rstood D. make to understand,He glanced over at her, _ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. A. having noted B. noted C. to note D. noting 22. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing

42、,23. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 24. _ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding,25. _ time, hell make a first class tennis player. A. Having given B