《高中短文改错》PPT课件.ppt

1、高中短文改错解题技巧,【考纲解读】 新课标全国卷考试大纲说明明确指出：语言的准确性是写作中不可忽视的一个重要方面，因为它直接或间接地影响到信息的准确传输。应用语法结构和词汇的准确程度是写作部分评分标准的一项重要内容。高考短文改错主要考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的准确性，考查考生的词、句、篇和语法的综合水平。高考短文改错题设置的考点灵活多变，知识层次多，覆盖面广，包括词法、句法、行文逻辑以及语篇结构等。,分析近三年的高考试题，可以看出短文改错试题具有如下特点： 1选材特点 短文改错的文体多为第一人称记叙文， 也有少数文章为议论文。短文一般在10行左右，每行812词，共计120词左右。短文改错

2、的语言材料通常取材于考生自己的作文或类似于考生的随笔，且话题常见，篇章结构的难易程度符合中学生的认知水平，即明白易懂，基本上无生僻的语言障碍和怪、偏、难的语句结构。,2设置特点 试题的设置特点主要是指考点的分布状况。短文改错所考查的词类覆盖面广，分布合理。其重点是从句法、词法和行文逻辑等三个角度考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语的能力，同时兼顾句型结构、习惯搭配等。有错词、多词、缺词和纠错等四种可能。错词现象主要出现在名词单复数、动词时态、非谓语动词、连词、介词、主谓一致、代词、词形(指应该用动词、名词还是形容词形式，以及平行结构中词的正确形式)、冠词等方面； 缺词现象主要出现在冠词(名词前)、,短

3、文改错的基本常识：,1. 必须熟悉设错方式： 多一词，缺一词，错一词 2. 解题要规范：要严格按照示范规定的 符号改错，不能随便在原文里勾勾画 画，涂涂改改，更不能自己创设符号。,3.要记住 “四不改”和“五原则” 四不改： 1. 单词拼写不改 . 2. 大小写不改 . 3. 词序不改 . 4. 标点符号不改 . 四原则： 1.忠实于原文的原则。 2.以改动相关单词为原则。 3.虚词(如冠词，介词等)以添加或删除为原则。 4.实词以改变形式为原则。,解题三步骤： 1.通读全文，掌握大意. 2.逐行找错, 先易后难. 3.检查核对，攻克难点.,从语法角度审查错误：,1.查看时态是否一致 2.查看

4、主谓是否一致 3.查看指代是否一致 4.查看平行结构是否一致 5.查看名词的单复数与修饰语或上下文是否一致 6.查看行文逻辑是否一致,.,短文改错口诀：,动词形, 名词数. 还要注意形和副. 代词格, 细领悟. 介词短语须关注. 习惯用法要记住. 冠词连词常光顾.,一、动词形,1.动词的时态和语态错误. 2. 主、谓不一致的错误。,1)In Grade Eight I took physics. In one test I get only 36 2)Having fun with their friends make them happy.,got,makes,二、名词数,指名词单、复数形式

5、的用法错误。,1)Personally, I found most lesson rather uninteresting. 2)We have made a great progress. 3)If you have interests in it, reply to me soon,lessons,interest,三、还要注意形和副,)修饰名词、be动词、系动词要用形容词 )修饰动词、形容词、整个句子用副词 )比较级和最高级的使用,1)We went along an extreme narrow road,. 2) Its clearly that your life in your

6、country is quite different from mine. 3)The two men threw all their equipment into the water to make the balloon light.,extremely,clear,lighter,四、 代词格，细领悟,人称代词,物主代词的使用 反身代词oneself 的使用 人称代词的主格和宾格 不定代词的使用 both,all,either,neither,none的使用.,1) I believe you personal experience will be a lot better. 2)You

7、r country is quite different from me. 3)I failed the next test, either,your,mine,too,五、介词短语须关注， 习惯用法要记住,主要考查固定短语，固定介词的搭配。,1)We can get along to each other happily 2)As result, the hurt in my foot became worse 3) Im looking forward to hear from you soon. 4) I was sometimes very tired to do my homewor

8、k.,a,hearing,too,with,冠词a, an和the的用法错误 连词but，and，or, so和although等的用法错误,： 1)What a good news weve heard. 2)We will have plenty of spare time to visit the area and have a fun. 3)You cant consider him a honest man. 4)Since you have visited Greece several times, so I would like to know,六、冠词 连词常光顾,an,短文改

9、错口诀：,动词形, 名词数. 还要注意形和副. 代词格, 细领悟. 介词短语须关注. 习惯用法要记住. 冠词连词常光顾.,短文改错小结： 短文改错要做好，常见类型应记牢。 名词爱考“数”与“格”，冠词在前： “错”“多”“少”。 动词时态和语态，主谓搭配莫错了。 连，代，形，副错一样，多是故意来混淆。 介词多半考搭配，多，漏，误用想周到。 句法涉及到一致，从句多考关系词。 词法句法均未错，逻辑推理去寻找。,Homework：（练习一） I have been planning to join in our college basketball team next year, so now I

10、am spending as more time as I can with other people who likes to play. They are teaching me the most important rules and techniques of the game, and I am getting the better all the time. We have a neighborhood team that play against another teams in the area. One of my neighbor is helping the rest o

11、f us improved our skills. Tonight we are playing against one of the best teams in city, and I think we can beat them if we wont make any mistakes.,much,like,plays,other,neighbors,improve,the,dont,练习二： Today is Sunday, I have been studying all day long. On the morning, I had a dry breakfast. We have

12、no water to drink because the water supply had cut off. The water come back in the evening. I did math then. I didnt stop after 12 oclock. After a short lunch I had the break. Then I went to my Sunday English Class. After a long and tired class for more than two hours, I got to home. Some work had b

13、een done but some hadnt. I must review all my subject such as the Sciences, the Humanities, which include Chinese, English, Politics and History as well. Thats terribly! Especially when there was no water.,In,had,been,until,a,tiring,came,subjects,terrible,Dear Jin Jing, Your problem is common one am

14、ong middle school students. Maybe the following advices can help you. First in all, believe in yourself. Your greatest problem is that you lack self-confidence. The first thing you must do is to smile at your classmates. One smile speaks loud about your wish to make friends than any word. Your smile

15、 will show that you are friendly to him. Next ,trying talking with a student who is as shy as you or who share the same interest as you. You can discuss your studies with a classmate, and you can also talk about your hobbies as well. Unless anyone is in trouble, you should be ready to help him or he

16、r. Once you have confidence, you can make as many as friends as possibly. Yours, Lily,Homework：（练习一） I have been planning to join in our college basketball team next year, so now I am spending as more time as I can with other people who likes to play. They are teaching me the most important rules and techniques of the game, and I am getting the better all the time. We have a neighborhood team that play against another team