《现代银行》PPT课件.ppt

1、PART ONE Overview of the Banking Industry in China,Key words: savings; monetary policy; inflationary pressure; fiscal deficit; credit; equity; convertibility; reserve ratio; CAR; Real estate ;insolvency; list;,1. The definition of bank,1) U.K. A bank is a firm that has been licensed by the Bank of E

2、ngland to take deposits and is authorized under the Banking Act of 1987 to operate in the U.K. 2) H.K. Which provide special types of services relating directly or indirectly to finance.,1. The definition of bank,3) Generally a corporation, chartered by a state or federal government, -receives depos

3、its; -honors instruments drawn on them; -discounts notes; -makes loans; -invests in securities,mobilizing allocating capital funds to finance productive investment transmitting monetary policy providing a payment system transforming risks In one word：Banks play a dominant role in the economy,2. Disc

4、uss: who can tell us whats the role of a bank?,3. Banking system of China,1) three phases of the evolution of the Chinese banking system 1948 sign: establishment of the PBC characteristic: Mono bank,1984 sign: to make the PBC function as a central bank characteristic: diversification (ICBC;ABC;BOC;C

5、CB),3. Banking system of China,3. Banking system of China,1993 sign: the Decision On Financial Reform characteristic: structural measures,structural measures include:,(1994)unification of the RMB exchange rates and the foreign markets (1995)passage of central banking and commercial banking laws (199

6、6)acceptance of the obligations of the Article of IMF,structural measures include:,(1996)the establishment of a unified inter-bank money market the shift from direct to indirect monetary policy instruments the segregation of banking business from securities and insurance business,3.Banking system of

7、 China consists of,central bank state-owned commercial banks policy banks joint-equity commercial banks urban and rural credit cooperatives,non-banking financial sector: trust and investment companies; securities firms; finance companies; insurance firms,4. U.K. and USA Banks System in General,Engla

8、nd bank Retail banks (e.g. “big four” in England) Wholesale Banks,Board of governors Federal advisory committee 12 Federal Reserve Banks 24 Federal Reserve Branch Banks Member Banks,The Federal Reserve system,5. The financial reform of the central bank,issuing bank issue currency and regulate its ci

9、rculation banks bank provide payment and settlement service,The functions of the central bank,5. The financial reform of the central bank,governments bank act as fiscal agent participate in international financial cooperation on behalf of the state manage the official international reserves formulat

10、e and implement monetary policy supervise financial institutions and regulate financial markets,5. The financial reform of the central bank,organization: 9 regional branches the conduction of monetary policy: direct to indirect policy instrument note: (1)Direct -credit ceiling ; the ceiling of credi

11、t interest rate (2)indirect -rediscount the required reserve ratio open market operations,5. The financial reform of the central bank,The measures for strengthening banking supervision a comprehensive risk monitoring and warning system a risk-based five-category loan classification system raising th

12、e capital adequacy ratio of the state-owned commercial banks to 8% separating loan approval from loan release strict fit-and-proper tests asset management companies self-discipline of the banking industry and so on ,5. The financial reform of the central bank,The liberalization of interest rate foreign currency interest rate the local currency interest rate rural interest rate urban interest rate lending interest rate deposit interest rate,6. the Reform of the Commercial Bank,restructured tran