ReviewofUnit1 (2).ppt

1、,Chang shou Middle School Pan Xing,宾语从句 The Object Clause,一：定义,一个句子作为一个谓语的宾语的复合句，叫做宾语从句,句子分为：一般疑问句，陈述句，特殊疑问句。,宾语从句由下面词引导： 1.that引导陈述句 2.If，whether引导一般疑问句。 3.特殊疑问句作为宾语从句时，特殊疑问词就是引导词,宾语从句三要点,一、语序 二、引导词 三、时态,一.陈序句作为宾语从句。（这时用that 引导，that可以省略）,EG:把下面两个句子合并一个句子。,Tom is from Japan.,I say (that) Tom is from

2、 Japan .,把下面的句子合并成一个句子。,He knows,The USA is a developed country .,He knows that the USA is a developed country .,I say,二。 一般疑问句作为宾语从句。（这时用if/whether来引导，并且把疑问语序变成陈序语序）,I want to know,Will they fly to Beijin .,I want to know if /whether they will fly to Beijin.,三。特殊疑问句作为宾语从句。（这时特殊疑问词就是引导词，也要把疑问语序变成陈序语

3、序。）,I want to know,When will we have the meeting.,I want to know when we will have the meeting .,什么是陈序语序呢？什么是疑问语序呢？请看下面的讲解。,My name is My favorite sport is I am I speak/have/like I can play,Are you? Can you play? Do you do? Where are you? What can you do? How do you do?,-,-,结构比较,陈述语序,疑问语序,特殊疑问语序,句子的

4、两种语序: 1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序 宾语从句必须用陈述句语序 2 疑问句结构叫疑问语序,将下列句子改成陈述句语序： 1.Is there a bank near here? 2.Is it on Fifth Avenue? 3.Are they doing homework?,There is a bank near here,It is on Fifth Avenue,They are doing homework,4.Does she work in a hospital? 5.Did you go to Center Park? 6.Do we have to wear a unifo

5、rm?,she works in a hospital,you went to Center Park,we have to wear a uniform,we can wear hats in school,7.Can we wear hats in school?,Wheres your pen pal from? Where does he live? What language does she speak? Why do you like pandas?,Where your pen pal is from,Where he lives,What language she speak

6、s,Why you like pandas?,1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.,宾语从句的类型,练一练,1.This is a book. 2.You like singing. 3.He worked last night. 4.They will go home. 5.Jim h

7、as been to Beijing. 6.She sings well.,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1. I know 2. She says 3. Tell your friend,（that）,2. 如果是一般疑问句作为宾语从句，这时由if或whether引导。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know Does he live there? I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me could I help him ？ He asked me whether (if)

8、I could help him.,练一练,1.Is he reading ? 2.Do you get up at six? 3.Does Tom work hard? 4.Did you watch TV ? 5.Will they read books ? 6.Can you sing ?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句: 1.Do you know ?.I want to know ?.The teacher asks ,if/whether,2.如果宾语从句为一般疑问句，用连词if或Whether。 1)I wonder if (whether) he will help me .

9、 注意在下列情况下一般用whether,而不用if . .,I am interested in whether hell go to have a picnic,作介词的宾语时，用whether，而不用if.,Whether this is true or not , I am not sure .,whether 引导的从句可移到主句之前而if不能。,We didnt know whether or not she had come .,后面紧接or not时，只用whether.,Please let me know if you like it . (“请告诉我你是否喜欢”或“如果你喜

10、欢，请告诉我”。),用if会引起歧义时，只用whether .,3. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I dont know why the train is late.,练一练,

11、What is this ? What are you doing ? Where do you live ? When does he get up ? How did you go to work? Who will you play with?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语句: 1.Do you know ?.I want to know ?. Can you tell me ?. The man asked,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。 e.g He said ( that ) he would go to Xia

12、n . He said ( that ) he was ill yesterday . He said ( that ) he was reading a book . He said ( that ) he had had supper already . 3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。 e.g He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon . The teacher told the students that no news is good news . Th

13、e PE teacher said that doing morning exercise is useful to our health .,1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。 e.g （1）I hear ( that ) Tom has been to Guilin twice . （2）I hear ( that ) she will come tomorrow . （3）I hear ( that ) Jim went to work an hour ago . （4）I hear ( that ) he is intere

14、sted in English .,宾语从句的时态的变化,will be,goes,were playing,have returned,had been,travels,are talking,were,were doing,10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write) 11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move) round the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take) 13. Ling Feng

15、told me he _ to Beijing several times. (be) 14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise) 15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do),wrote,moves,has taken,had been,rises,did,A: What is Peter doing now? Do you know?,B: I know (that) _ _ _ now.,Peter is,fishing,Peter: Im fishing

16、now.,A: What did Peter say?,B: He said (that )_ _ _.,he was fishing,Look at the pictures,Kate: Is Mary reading an English book?,A: What did Kate ask? B: She asked _ _ _ _ an English book.,Mary was,reading,if/ whether,宾 语 从 句 小 结,一.结构 1. 当陈述句作宾语从句时, 结构:主句+引导词that + 主语 +谓语部分 2. 当一般疑问句作宾语从句时,结构:主句+ if(

17、whether) +主语 +谓语部分 3.当 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,结构:主句+特殊疑问词+主语 +谓语部分 二主从时态关系 主句的时态 从句的时态 一般现在时 根据需要确定时态（根据从句的时间状语） 一般过去时 改为相应的过去时态 3.(特殊):当宾语从句讲述的客观真理或者自然现象时，不管主句是什么时态，宾语从句只能用一般现在时态。 三.语序：陈述语序 当一般疑问句或者特殊疑问句作为一个谓语的宾语时，疑问语序应该改为陈述语序,四。If 和when 分别引导的宾语从句和状语从句不同点。,1.If 既可以引导宾语从句又可以引导条件状语从句。,a. If 引导的条件状语从句，意思为“如果”，这时

18、从句用一般现在时态，主句用一般将来时态。,Eg: If it rains tomorrow ,we will not have PE class.,b. If 引导的宾语从句时，意思为“是否”，这时从句的时态受主句的时态影响，也是就是说主句是一般时态时，宾语从句根据从句的时间标志确定时态，如果是主句是过去时态，宾语从句改为相应的过去时态。,Eg: (1) I dont know if it will rain tomorrow .（这时用的是一般将来时态） (2) Tom wanted to know if Lucy had been to Wuhan before . (这时用的是过去完成时

19、态）,练习:(用正确时态填空),1. I want to know if they _(hold) the spring sports meeting next month . If they -_(hold) it ,I will get ready it .,Will hold,hold,2. When 既可以引导宾语从句又可以引导时间状语从句,a . When 引导宾语从句时意思为“什么时间、时候”，这时根据主句的时态确定。,Eg .1. Do you know when Tom will come back home next week .(主句用的一般现在时态，从句用的一般将来时态)

20、 2. Did you know when Tom would come back home next week . (主句有个过去时态，从句改为相应的过去将来时态。）,b. When 引导时间状语从句，意思为“当什么时候”，这时从句用一般现在时态，主句用一般将来时态。,When he comes back tomorrow, I will let you know .,练习：,( )1.DO you know _? Yes, he came here on a train . A. when he came here B. if he will come here C. why he cam

21、e here D. how he came here ( )2. I dont know when he _ ,when he _tomorrow, Ill let you know. A. comes ,comes B. will come, comes C. comes ,will come D. will come, will come,D,B,练一练,( )1. Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2002. A. where does she live B. Where she lives C. where did she live D. where she

22、lived ( )2. Would you please tell me _? A. when did he come home B. where would he play football C. if had he seen the film D. why he didnt watch the game ( ) 3. Do you know _ I could pass the exam? A. that B. whether C. what D. which ( )4. I want to know_. A. what is his name B. whats his name C. t

23、hat his name is D. what his name is,D,D,B,D,( ) 5. I dont know when _. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave ( ) 6.-We dont know _. -It is said that he was born in Sweden. A. what he is B. if he lives here C. where he comes from D. which country is he from ( ) 7. Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday? A. what will Tom d