2012新课标同步导学高一英语课件：3.1（译林·湖南专版必修1）.ppt

1、Exercise builds strong brains,我们都知道体育锻炼可以强身健体。最新研究表明，体育锻炼还可以改善人的大脑机制。,Kids who play hard every day may be making their brains，as well as their bodies，stronger. A new study reports that children who play actively for 20 to 40 minutes a day may be better able to organize schoolwork，do class projects a

2、nd learn mathematics. “Children who are not active may be at a disadvantage academically (在学术上)，” says Catherine Davis，a professor at the Medical College of Georgia in August.She presented the research at the annual meeting of the Obesity Society，a group of weightloss professionals.,Davis and her co

3、lleagues worked with 163 sedentary (惯于久坐的)，overweight children，ages 7 to 11，for three months.The children were divided into three groups：a control group that did no physical activity after school；a group that did 20 minutes of physical activity five days a week after school；and a group that did 40 m

4、inutes of such activity on those same days.,The activity groups played intermittent (间歇的)，highenergy running games.Students were given cognitivefunction (认知能力的) tests at the beginning and end of the study.They were tested for their math and reading achievement and “executive (经营管理的) function”,Execut

5、ive function includes skills important for planning and organizing，focusing on schoolwork，controlling their moods，selfmonitoring and using methods to achieve goals. Among the findings from the National Institutes of Healthfinanced study：, The children in the 40minute activity group had significant i

6、mprovement on an executivefunction test compared with the control group.They increased about 4 points on a cognitiveperformance scale.Those in the 20minute group showed about half that improvement., There was a small improvement in math achievement for both exercise groups but no signs of improvemen

7、t in reading. Those in the exercise groups lost about 1% to 2% of body fat. From：, True or false： 1Too much exercise will make students tired.Experts encourage students to exercise for at most 20 minutes every day. 2The research shows that exercise can help improve students math achievement，but not

8、their reading achievement. key：12FT,Section Welcome to the unit & Reading,.短语翻译 1至少_ 【答案】at least 2把某物捐献给某人_ 【答案】 donate sth.to sb.,3拒绝做某事_ 【答案】 refuse to do sth. 4增强，加强_ 【答案】 build up 5独自地，单独地_ 【答案】 on ones own 6work out_ 【答案】锻炼,7be ashamed of_ 【答案】 为感到羞耻 8recover from_ 【答案】 从中恢复 9liver failure_ 【答

9、案】 肝衰竭 10follow ones advice_ 【答案】 听从某人的建议,.课文理解 阅读文章Dying to be thin.，完成下列各题 11What does Amy do? AA sportswoman. BA doctor. CAn actress. DA TV reporter. 【答案】 C,12Why didnt Amy go to the gym any more as usual? ABecause she didnt work out any more. BBecause she was not as fat as before. CBecause she h

10、ad a new way to stay slim. DBecause she was in hospital. 【答案】 C,13Who was the sufferer of the weightloss pills? AAmy. BZhou Ling. CAmys mother. DA boy in China. 【答案】 A,14What were the sideeffects of taking pills on Amy? AShe felt tired and weak. BShe looked so slim and attractive. CShe was in hospit

11、al for liver failure. DBoth A and C. 【答案】 D,15What did Zhou Ling think of Amys problems? AShe felt so sorry to hear about Amys experience. BShe was amazed to learn that some one in China did great help to Amy. CShe thought it was right that one looked just as he or she was. DShe agreed that Amy shou

12、ld stay slim as an actress. 【答案】 C,I think this blouse will make me look slimmer. 我认为这件毛衣会使我看起来更加苗条。 make后跟复合宾语。宾语部分由名词或代词组成，宾语补足语部分可由名词、形容词、分词或不定式充当。表示“使某人”。 We made him chairman at the meeting. 会上我们选他当主席。(代词名词) Tony made his diary his best friend. 托尼把日记当作他最好的朋友。(名词名词),His gift made her very happy.

13、 他的礼物令她感到非常快乐。(代词形容词) The smell of cooking makes me hungry. 烧菜的味道让我感到肚子饿。(代词形容词) I had to speak aloud to make myself heard. 为了让人听见，我不得不大声说话。(代词分词) She made her children wash their hands before eating. 她要孩子们在吃东西前洗手。(名词不定式),make后面接动词不定式作宾补时，表示“使某人做某事”，含有强制的意思。不定式不带to，但用于被动语态时，不定式前必须带to，即“sb.be made to

14、 do sth.”。 His fathers death made him leave school. He was made to leave school by his fathers death. 他父亲去世使他不得不辍学。 He was made to sing us a song at the party. 在那次聚会上，他被迫为我们唱了首歌。,1.The girl is dilligent (勤奋) and neednt be made_. AlearnBto learn Clearning Dto learning 【解析】make sb.sth.的被动语态形式。 【答案】B,Y

15、ou must get enough sleep to stay healthy. 要保持健康，你必须保证足够的睡眠。 enough作形容词，意思为“足够的；充分的”，放在名词前作定语。 I have enough time to help you. 我有足够的时间来帮助你。,(1)enough还可用做副词，意思是“充分地；足够地”，常放在所修饰词的后面。 They cant walk fast enough.他们走得不快。 (2)enough还可作名词，意思是“充足；足够”。 Enough has been said on how to learn English well. 如何学好英语已

16、经说得够多了。,(3)enough后面还可接不定式结构，但不可接that从句。 He is not old enough to go to school. 他还不到上学的年龄。 另外，stay linkv.维持，保持 He stayed single all his life.他终生单身。,2.The man is_to carry the stone. Aenough strong Bstrong enough Cenoughly strong Dstrongly enough 【解析】enough作为副词，放在它的修饰词后边。 【答案】B,Which do you think is mor

17、e important，eating well or doing exercise? 你认为健康饮食和体育锻炼哪一个更重要？ do you think出现在特殊疑问句中用做插入语，前后不用逗号隔开，问句后面要用陈述语序。 What do you think is the most difficult in learning English? 在学习英语方面，你认为什么是最难的？,When do you think they will meet again? 你认为他们什么时候会再见面？ 另外，类似的插入语还有do you suppose，do you guess等。 Where do you

18、guess we shall go? 你猜我们会去哪里？,I think，I hope，Im afraid，I believe，you know等也可用做插入语，往往用逗号隔开。 The diet，I think，will do good to your health. 我认为节食会对你的健康有益。,3.What do you know_for? Athe strike was broken out Bdid the strike break out Cthe strike broke out Dwas the strike broken out,【解析】do you know在特殊疑问句中用

19、做插入语，放在特殊疑问词之后，问句要使用陈述语序。而break out(发生，爆发)为不及物动词短语，不能使用被动语态。 【答案】C,What caused Amys liver to fail? 什么原因导致艾米肝功能衰竭的？ cause vt.导致；促使；给带来 cause sth.导致某事 cause sb.to do sth.促使某人做某事 cause sth.to be done促成某事 Im afraid that Im causing you much trouble. 恐怕我会给你增添许多麻烦。,The weather caused him to change his idea

20、. 天气使他改变了主意。 What caused his mind to be changed? 什么使他改变了主意？,cause与reason用法比较： cause表示导致某事发生或产生某种结果的原因，常与of搭配。 reason表示解释某种事因或以逻辑推理导出结论的理由，常与for连用。 What was the cause of the fire? 那场火灾的原因是什么？,4.This little boy is the_all the trouble. Acause of Breason of Ccause for Dreason for 【解析】本题主要考查词义辨析。句意为：这小孩是

21、一切麻烦的起因。cause指造成某事发生的原因或理由。“的原因”应说the cause of；reason指说明什么情况的理由或借口，常说the reason for.。 【答案】A,Dying to be thin.渴望瘦身 be dying to dobe eager to do (口语)很想做；渴望做 I am dying to join the army.我渴望参军。 I am dying for a drink.我口渴得要命。,dying adj.快要死的；垂死的；临终的；快熄灭的 be dying for名词/代词be eager for sth.渴望；很想 They could

22、see he was dying.他们看得出他已危在旦夕。,5.Everyone in the family is dying_ your success in the exam. Ato Bfor Cof Dwith 【答案】B,I havent heard from you for weeks. 我好几个星期没有收到你的来信了。 hear from收到某人的来信(from后接人而不是信件) We all look forward to hearing from you soon. 我们都盼望着早日收到你的来信。,hear与hear about/of用法比较： (1)hear意为“听见；听到

23、”，指通过耳朵感觉到(声音)，表示“听说”时，后接从句。 Can you hear the signal？你能听到这信号吗？(听见) I heard she got married. 我听说她结婚了。(获悉；听而得知),(2)而hear of与hear about 都表示“(间接)听到”，指听别人说起或通过书报及其他方式得知，二者同义，都可接表示事物一类的名词或代词。 Ive heard of/about your opinions. 我已听说了你的意见。 Whos he？他是谁？ Ive never heard of him.我从没听说过他。,6.Have you ever heard th

24、e song_ somewhere else？It seems familiar to me. Asinging Bto sing Csung Dbeing sung 【解析】hear后的宾语the song与动词sing之间是被动关系，所以应该使用过去分词表达。 【答案】C,I used to go to the gym three times a week，but I dont work out any more. 我过去每周去三次体操馆，但我现在不锻炼了。 work out锻炼；结果 I work out regularly to keep fit. 我经常努力锻炼身体以保持健康。 Th

25、ings worked out quite well.事情的结果很不错。,work out计算出，解决(问题)；详细拟定(计划、方案等)；(口语)(结果)成为 Can you work out how much money it will cost? 你能算出它将值多少钱吗？ He worked out a plan.他详细拟定了一项计划。 I hope the new project will work out well. 我希望新项目能顺利完成。 How did his suggestions work out? 他的提议结果怎样？,7.We had wanted to finish ou

26、r task by noon，but it didnt quite_as planned. Afind out Bgive out Chand out Dwork out 【解析】本题考查动词短语意义辨析。find out查明，发现，了解；give out分发；筋疲力尽；用完；hand out分发；work out计算出；结果是。由句意“我们本想正午前完成任务，但结果并没像计划的那样”。可知应选work out。 【答案】D,Every woman wants a slim figure these days，especially here in Canada.现在每个女人都想拥有一个苗条的身

27、材，尤其是在加拿大这个地方。 figure n体形；数字；图形，雕像；v.计算；想像；认为,Dont just look at the figures.Look at the quality of the work，too.不要只看数字，也看看工作的质量。 She has a slim figure.她体形纤细。 Cao Cao was a famous Chinese historical figure. 曹操是中国历史上一个著名的人物。,figure v计算；想像；动员 figure out(好好思考以)理解；计算出 figure on期待，指望 I cant figure out how

28、 to get this washing machine started. 我弄不明白怎样才能让这台洗衣机运转起来。 We figure on your coming early. 我们指望你会早点来。,8.The present situation is very complex，so I think it will take me some time to_its reality. Amake up Bfigure out Clook through Dput off 【解析】make up组成；化妆；编造；figure out理解，弄清楚；look through浏览；put off推迟

29、。 【答案】B,Im trying to lose weight because Im so ashamed of my body. 我正在努力减肥，因为我的体形让我觉得很难为情。 be ashamed of为感到羞愧/难为情,He is ashamed of his failure/of having failed. 他对自己的失败感到羞愧。 I am ashamed to have misunderstood you. 我很惭愧误解了你。 I am ashamed that I could not answer the question. 我很惭愧不能回答这个问题。,be ashamed

30、to do对做感到难为情 be ashamed that为感到惭愧 shame n惭愧，羞耻，遗憾 shameful adj.可耻的 shameless adj.无耻的 bring shame on oneself给自己带来耻辱,To steal money from a blind person is a shameful act. 偷盲人的钱是一种可耻的行为。 另外，lose weight减肥，消瘦 put on weightgain weight增加体重，发福，长胖 be of a weightbe of the same weight一样重 by weight按重量 weigh vi.

31、重(若干)；vt.称的重量 Hes lost some weight these days. 这些日子以来他瘦了不少。,9.You should feel_of such bad behavior at the party. Ashameful Bashamed Cshameless Dshame 【解析】feel/be ashamed of.为感到羞愧；shameful adj.可耻的，不光彩的；shameless adj.无耻的；shame n惭愧，羞愧。 【答案】B,Since Im preparing to act in a new TV play，Im taking weightlo

32、ss pills called FatLess，which are quite popular among young women here. 由于我正在准备出演一部新电视剧，我现在正在服用一种叫做“FatLess”的减肥药片，这种药很受这里年轻女性的青睐。,since conj.由于；既然；prep.自从以来；adv.(常接在ever后面)从那时以来 He has been here since seven oclock. 从7点钟起他就一直在这里。 Since everyone is here，lets begin. 既然大家都到了，我们开始吧。,since表示“自以后；自以来”，主句一般

33、用完成时态。 What have you been doing since I last saw you? 自从我上次见到你以后，你一直在忙什么？,10._when has the country been open to international trade? 1978，I suppose. ASince BIn CFrom DAfter 【解析】本题考查状语从句的引导词。句子时态为现在完成时， when相当于下文的1978，只有“since过去某一时间点”句子才能用现在完成时，故选A项。 【答案】A,.，which are quite popular among young women

34、here？，哪一些在年轻女性中十分受欢迎？ popular为形容词，意思是“受欢迎的，流行的，通俗的”。,a popular song通俗歌曲；a popular singer流行歌手；the popular front人民阵线；a popular edition普及版；a popular science readings 科普读物；a popular price廉价；be popular with/among受欢迎。 She is popular at school.她在学校挺招人喜欢。 This dance is popular with young people. 这种舞很受青年人喜欢。

35、,welcome也可作形容词，表“受欢迎的”多用于口语中。 Thank you.谢谢你。 You are welcome.不用客气。,11.完成句子 I hear that_(王先生不受学生欢迎) 【答案】Mr Wang isnt popular with his students,The pills really work！这种药真的有效！ work v生效；起作用，行得通；(机器等)运转，运作 The plan didnt work.那个计划行不通。 The machine worked well.那台机器运转得很好。 He works hard in the school.他在学校学习很

36、刻苦。,help vi.有帮助；有用 do vi.足够；适合；行，可以 So much will do for your success. 这些就可以证明你成功的原因了。,12.Id like to have the radio repairedit doesnt_. Ado Bhelp Cwork Dsing 【答案】C,My mother keeps telling me not to take them because they are dangerous. 妈妈一直在告诉我不要参与这些，因为他们太危险了。 keep后接动名词，表示连续不断地做某事。 The baby keeps cry

37、ing all night.那个婴儿整夜哭。 另外，keep后直接跟形容词、副词或介词短语作表语，构成系表结构，意为“保持某一状态”。 Please keep quiet.请保持安静。,keep作及物动词，表示“使保持(某种状态)；使得”时，常用以下几种结构： (1)keep宾语(由人或物充当)形容词。 Keep your hands clean.手要保持干净。,(2)keep宾语副词。 What have kept you away for so long? 什么事使你离开这么久？ (3)keep宾语v.ing。 Im sorry to have kept you waiting.对不起，让

38、你久等了。,(4)keep宾语v.ed。 Keep the door closed.让门关着。 (5)keep宾语介词短语。 Dont keep your hands in your pockets. 不要把手插在口袋里。,13.My parents tell me to _ the railway. Akeep out of Bkeep off from Cstay away Dstay away from 【解析】stay away from the railwaykeep off the railway远离铁轨。 【答案】D,Im now in hospital recovering f

39、rom liver failure. 目前我在住院，正从肝功能衰竭症中恢复过来。 recover v恢复(健康等)；找回；弥补；换回 She has recovered from a cold.她感冒好了。 I have recovered my lost wallet. 我已找回了我丢失的钱包。,recover from从中恢复，痊愈 recover oneself恢复健康；清醒过来 recovery n找回；重新获得；复苏 He is recovering his strength after an operation. 他手术之后正在恢复体力。,另外，failure当抽象名词“失败”讲时

40、，是不可数名词；但若具体化为“失败的人或事”时则用做可数名词。具有相同用法的有：success，surprise，pleasure，worry，help等。,14.What he said is_surprise to me，_I hadnt expected. A/；which Ba；which C/；that Da；that 【解析】surprise作“惊奇的事”讲时为可数名词；第二个空为which引导的非限制性定语从句。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。 【答案】B,15She made a quick_from her illness and was soon back at work

41、. Adecision Brecovery Cchange Dpromise 【解析】make a decision 做出决定；make a change做出改变；make a promise做出许诺。此句意思：她很快就恢复了健康并很快上班了。 【答案】B,They contain a harmful chemical that caused my liver to fail. 它们(药品)含有一种有害的化学物质，使我的肝功能衰竭。 contain v包含，包括(不能用于进行时) The letter contained important information about the meet

42、ing. 这封信里有关于那次会议的重要信息。 Sea water contains salt.海水里含有盐。,contain与include用法比较： contain可表示包含所含之物的全部或部分，include只能用于表示所包含之物中的一部分。 The parcel contained a dictionary. 包裹里装的是一本词典。 The parcel included a dictionary. 包裹里包括了一本词典。(言外之意：还有别的东西。),16.The new book_7 units，_one main revision. Acontains；including Bincl

43、udes；containing Ccontains；containing Dincludes；including 【解析】contain侧重包含的成分，include侧重于整体中包含的部分。 【答案】A,Then the doctor found that someone in your country，whose name is Li Dong，was an exact match for me.后来，医生发现你们国家有个叫李东的，他(捐献的肝)与我的正好匹配。,match n& v相配，匹配 meet ones match遇到对手，棋逢对手 match against/with.与竞争 m

44、atchless adj.无比的，无敌的 His tie doesnt match his suit. 他的领带与他的西服不相配。 Let beggars match with beggars. (谚)龙配龙，凤配凤。,match，fit与suit用法比较： (1)match多指在颜色、大小、形状上“相配、相适合”，相当于go with。 (2)fit指(衣服、鞋、帽等)在尺寸和形状上“适合”某人。 (3)suit指(衣服、鞋、帽等)在色调、颜色或花样上“适合”某人，也指“合乎需要、口味、地位”等。,17.(2008年天津卷)Her shoes_her dress；they look very

45、 well together. Asuit Bfit Ccompare Dmatch 【解析】句意为：她的鞋和衣服很搭配，两者搭配起来很不错。suit指时间、口味等合乎需要；fit指大小、尺寸合适；compare比较、对照；match指颜色、款式等的搭配。 【答案】D,I follow my doctors advice and exercise for at least half an hour every day(but I seldom go to the gym！)，and eat lots of fruit and vegetables. 我接受医生的建议每天至少锻炼半个小时(但我很

46、少去健身房！)，并且吃大量的水果和蔬菜。,follow ones advice 听从某人的劝告，接受某人的建议 Youd better follow your teachers advice. 你最好采纳你老师的建议。,a piece of advice一条建议 take/follow/accept ones advice接受某人的建议 ask for ones adviceask sb.for advice 征求某人的意见 give advice on sth./how to do sth. 就某事/如何做某事给出建议,18._he gave at the meeting！Im consid

47、ering_it. AHow good advice；to take BWhat good advice；taking CHow good an advice；taking DWhat a good advice；to take,【解析】advice为不可数名词，对名词感叹用what；动词consider后接动名词作宾语。 【答案】B,My mother is right：dont damage your health for a slim and attractive figure. 我妈妈说得对：不要为一个苗条而吸引人的身材毁了健康。 damage n& v损害，毁坏 cause/do d

48、amage to对造成损害 suffer damage蒙受损失 The car was badly damaged in the accident. 那辆车在这次事故中严重受损。,Will this shampoo damage the environment? 这种洗发香波会破坏环境吗？ The typhoon did a lot of damage to the trees. 台风对树木造成了很大的损害。,destroy，damage，harm与ruin用法比较： (1)destroy vt.摧毁，毁坏(n.destruction)，一般指毁灭性的摧毁。 (2)damage nU 损害，损

49、失；C 破损的地方；vt.损害，破坏。 (3)harm nU(物质上或精神上的)伤害，危害；vt.伤害，加害。 (4)ruin nU 毁坏，破坏；(常用pl.)废墟；vt.毁坏，毁灭。,19.Teenagers_their health because they play computer games too much. Ahave damaged Bare damaging Cdamaged Dwill damage 【解析】根据because引导的原因状语的时态可推断主句的时态。damage ones health毁坏某人的健康。 【答案】B,It isnt worth it.这是不值的。

50、 be (well)worth(很)值得(做)； 有的价值；值 How much/What is it worth？它值多少钱？ Be worth 200 dollars.值200美元。 It is worth considering值得考虑。,(1)worth为表语形容词，不作前置定语；可用well 来修饰，表示“很值得”，但不用very。 (2)worth后跟及物动词或词组的ing 形式，不可使用被动形式。 His report is well worth listening to. 他的报告很值得一听。,be worthy of being done 值得做 be worthy to b

51、e done 值得做 This book is worthy of being read.这本书值得读。,20.The book written by the famous writer is worth_. Ato read Bto be read Cread Dreading 【解析】be worth doing为“值得”。 【答案】D,This is really a touching storya stranger who donated part of his liver to a girl he doesnt even know! 这真是一个感人的故事一个素不相识的人为一个自己根本

52、不认识的女孩捐献了部分肝脏！,touching adj.动人的，感人的 It is a very touching story.这是一个非常感人的故事。 What he said sounded touching. 他说的话听上去挺感人的。,touched adj.(人)感动的 touch vt.& vi.触摸；接触；使受感动 get in touch with sb.与某人取得联系 lose touch with sb.与某人失去联系 keep in touch with sb.与某人保持联系 be out of touch with sb.与某人失去联系,21.We were greatl

53、y_by his_story. Atouch；touching Btouched；touched Ctouching；touched Dtouched；touching,【解析】touched指“(人)被感动的”，主语通常是人；而touching“令人感动的”，通常用来修饰物。此处指“动人的故事”。 【答案】D,Many people are always going on diets or taking weightloss pills，. 很多人总是在节食或者吃减肥药，,diet与food用法比较： diet既可指习惯上常用食品，又可指规定的食物，特指维持健康的定质定量的食物。 food是

54、“食物”的一般用语，指任何能吃的且有营养的东西。 Too rich a diet is not good for you. 太油腻的食物对你不好。 I dont like sweet food.我不喜欢吃甜食。,另外，be always doing表示反复出现或习惯性动作，带有说话者的赞扬、不满、厌烦或遗憾等情绪。 You are always making the same mistake. 你总是犯同样的错误。 The boy is boring.He is always telling lies. 那个男孩真无聊，他总是撒谎。,22.You dont seem to enjoy your

55、 meal very much. Not really.Im just_. Aon a diet Bon diet Cgo on diets Dmaking a diet 【解析】be on a diet或go on a diet意思是“节食”。 【答案】A,You may come acrosshoweverorbut between two sentences while youre reading. 阅读的时候你可能会在两个句子中间遇到“however”或“but”。 come across偶然遇到 She came across some old pictures in the dra

56、wer. 她在抽屉里偶然发现了一些旧照片。 Ive never come across anything like this. 我从未遇到过这样的事。,come across的同义/近义词(组)： (1)meet意为“遇见，相见”，既可以是事先安排好的，也可以是偶然发生的。 (2)meet with意为“突然遭遇，偶然碰到”，多指不愉快的事情。 He has overcome all the difficulties he met with. 他克服了所遇到的一切困难。,23.Please tell me how the accident_.I am still in the dark. Acame b