aroseforemily.ppt

1、,A Rose for Emily,Contents,The Author,William Cuthbert Faulkner （1987-1962）,Brief Introduction,Falkner was an American writer from Oxford, Mississippi. He worked in a variety of media; he wrote novels, short stories, poetry, a play,essays and screenplays during his career.,He is primarily known and

2、acclaimed for his novels and short stories, many of which are set in the fictional Yoknapatawpha (约克纳帕塔法体系)County, a setting Faulkner created based on Lafayette County, where he spent most of his childhood.,Faulkner is considered one of the most important writers of the Southern literature of the Un

3、ited States, along with Mark Twain, Robert Penn Warren（罗伯特潘华伦）, Flannery OConnor（弗兰纳里奥康纳）, Truman Capote（杜鲁门卡波特）, Eudora Welty（尤多拉韦尔蒂）, Thomas Wolfe（托马斯沃尔夫）, Harper Lee（哈波李） and Tennessee Williams（田纳西威廉斯）.,Writting Style,Faulkner was known for his experimental style with meticulous attention to dict

4、ion(用词) and cadence（节奏）. Faulkner made frequent use of stream of consciousness （意识流）in his writing, and wrote often highly emotional, subtle, cerebral, complex and sometimes Gothic or grotesque stories of a wide variety of characters including former slaves or descendants（后代）of slaves, poor white, a

5、grarian, or working-class Southerners, and Southern aristocrats.,Life Introduction,On September 25, 1897, Faulkner was born in New Albany, Mississippi,On September 21, 1902, the Faulkner family settled in Oxford, Mississippi,In 1919, he enrolled at Ole Miss , and attended three semesters before drop

6、ping out in November 1920.,In 1918, upon enlisting in the RFC(Royal Flying Corps), Faulkner himself made the change to his surname from the original Falkner.,In 1925, he was residing in New Orleans, Louisiana and he wrote his first novel, Soldiers Pay,In June 1929, Faulkner married Estelle at Colleg

7、e Hill Presbyterian Church（山长老教会） just outside of Oxford, Mississippi.,In the early 1940s, Howard Hawks invited Faulkner to come to Hollywood to become a screenwriter for the films Hawks was directing. Faulkner happily accepted because he badly needed the money, and Hollywood paid well.,From Februar

8、y to June 1957 and again in 1958, Faulkner served as Writer-in-Residence at the University of Virginia at Charlottesville. In 1959, he suffered serious injuries in a horse-riding accident.,On July 6, 1962,he died from a myocardial infarction（心肌梗塞）, aged 64, at Wrights Sanitorium in Byhalia, Mississi

9、ppi. He is buried along with his family in St. Peters Cemetery (圣彼得公墓)in Oxford, along with a family friend with the mysterious initials E.T.,Works,The Sound and the Fury (1929), 喧嚣与骚动 As I Lay Dying (1930),我弥留之际 Light in August (1932), 八月之光 Absalom, Absalom! (1936). 押沙龙，押沙龙,His first short story co

10、llection, These 13 (1931), includes A Rose for Emily, Red Leaves, That Evening Sun, and Dry September.,Three novels, The Hamlet, The Town and The Mansion, known collectively as the Snopes Trilogy,A Fable(1954) Pulitzer, National Book Awards in 1955 The Reivers掠夺者(1962) Pulitzer in 1963.,Thank You !,

11、Background,A Rose for Emily is a short story by American author William Faulkner first published in the April 30, 1930 issue of Forum. It was Faulkners first short story published in a national magazine. This story takes place in Faulkners fictional city, Jefferson, Mississippi, in the fictional cou

12、nty of Yoknapatawpha County, a setting Faulkner created based upon and inspired by Lafayette County, where he spent most of his childhood.,William Faulkners map of Yoknapatawpha County,In this story, Faulkner makes best use of the Gothic devices in narration, such as decadent yard, eccentric woman a

13、nd rotten are the Gothic elements. Besides, Faulkners handling of time in his story is most noteworthy(值得注意的). The displaced chronology(年代) undoubtedly allows the narrator to tell the story in the most dramatic way and also to fill in adequate background details.,The story focuses on Emily Grierson,

14、 an eccentric spinster(古怪的老处女) . As a descendent of the Southern aristocracy, Emily is typical of those in Faulkners Yoknapatawpha stories who are the symbols of the Old South but the prisoners of the past. Emilys house, in the narrators eyes, marks the disintegrating(瓦解) values of the South. And he

15、r father represents the declining southern forces after the Civil War.,Yoknapatawpha saga 约克纳帕塔法世系,Many of Faulkner works are set in Yoknapatawpha County. Some characters in one story appear in another, too. Therefore, these independent works have connections and can be regarded as a whole. And thos

16、e works are called Yoknapatawpha saga. In Yoknapatawpha saga, Faulkner describes the social reality that the standard and moral values found in the South have been destroyed by commerce and machinery.,Faulkner was deeply influenced by the southern tradition. However, when the south was defeated in t

17、he Civil War and the southern traditional value were disrupted, he saw the sins of slavery and peoples corruption and cruelty. As a writer, he disclosed the dark side of the south, but at the same time he was painful due to his pride of family and love for his hometown. In this case, he created his

18、literary system. With his profound imagination Faulkner not only created a large gallery of Southern figures in his Yoknapatawpha saga, but also convincingly simulated(模拟) and represented their psychic being（人物心理）in his exploration of their inner world. A Rose for Emily is one of the Yoknapatawpha s

19、tories.,In A Rose for Emily, and his entire Yoknapatawpha saga, Faulkner penetrates deeply into the psychological motivations for mans actions and investigates mans dilemma in the modern world throughout his fictional world, we profoundly sense his inner conflict and his combined feeling of love and

20、 hatred for theSouth.,A Rose for Emily,Plot analysis,the initial situation conflict complication climax suspense denouement conclusion,Initial Situation,Death and Taxes As we discuss “Symbols, Imagery, Allegory,” Faulkner might be playing on the Benjamin Franklin quote, “In this world nothing can be

21、 said to be certain, except death and taxes.”in this initial scene. We move from a huge funeral attended by everybody in town, to this strange little story about taxes.,Conflict,Taxes arent the only thing that stinks. In Section II, we learn lots of bizarre(极其怪诞的) stuff about Miss Emily: 1)when her

22、father died she refused to believe it for four days; 2) the summer after her father died, she finally got a boyfriend. 3)when worried that her boyfriend might leave her, she bought some poison and her boyfriend disappeared, but there was a bad smell around her house.,We technically have enough infor

23、mation to figure everything out right here, but we are thrown off by the issue of the taxes.,Complication,The Towns Conscience For this stage it might be helpful to think of this story as the towns confession. This section is what complicates things for the towns conscience. The town was horrible to

24、 Miss Emily when she started dating Homer Barron. She was finally able to break free when her father died, but the town wont let her do it. When they cant stop her themselves, they sick the cousins on her.,Climax,For Rats Even though this story seems all jumbled up chronologically(按时间顺序的), the clima

25、x comes roughly in the middle of the story, lending the story a smooth, symmetrical（对称的） feel. Homer probably was a rat one which noble Miss Emily would have felt perfectly in the right to exterminate. Yet, she also wanted to hold tight to the dream that she might have a normal life.,When she sees t

26、hat everybody is bent on messing up her plans, she has an extreme reaction. Thats why, the climax is encapsulated （简述）in the image of the skull and crossbones （骷髅）on the package and the warning “for rats”.,Suspense,Deadly Gossip As with the climax, Faulkner follows a traditional plot structure. Emil

27、y bought the arsenic, and at that moment the information is beamed into the brains of the townspeople. The town was in suspense over whether they were married, soon would be, or never would be. Their reactions ranged from murderous, to downright interference. We also learn that Homer was last seen e

28、ntering the residence of Miss Emily on the night in question.,So, we can be in suspense about what happened to him, though by the time we can appreciate that this is something to be suspenseful about,Denouement,The Next 40 Years Weve already been given a rough outline of Emilys life, beginning with

29、her funeral, going back ten years to when the “newer generation” came to collect the taxes, and then back another thirty some odd years to the death of Emilys father, the subsequent affair with Homer, and the disappearance of Homer.,The story winds down by filling us in on Miss Emilys goings on in t

30、he 40 years between Homers disappearance and Emilys funeral. Other than the painting lessons, her life during that time is a mystery, because she stayed inside.,Conclusion,The Bed, the Rotting Corpse, and the Hair The townspeople entered the bedroom that had been locked for 40 years, only to find th

31、e rotting corpse of Homer Barron and a long strand of iron-gray hair on the bed.,A Rose for Emily -William Faulkner,The analysis of the title The theme of the story Emilys character Symbolization in text Comment,A rose is a symbol of love and a pledge of faithfulness. Literally, from the arrangement

32、 of the text, we can hardly see the word “rose” from the beginning to the end of the text, which can be interpreted as this actual love for Emliy hardly exists in the whole story. Actually, the author plays a trick on Miss Emily. In fact, she doesnt really get any love from any man whether it is fro

33、m her lover or her father. Emily could have a favorable marriage but for her fathers interference. She could have got her deserved love from Homer. But on account of her obstinacy and pride, she receives tiredness and indifference, instead of affection-rose, from him. She thinks that she can stay wi

34、th Homer forever by poisoning him to death and possessing his body, but it is just Death but not love she possesses. From the story, we can see Miss Emily was denied love, so, in this sense, the title has an ironic meaning.,The title analysis (A Rose for Emily),Part V mentions something about “rose”

35、, but they are just “curtains of faded rose color” and “rose-shaded lights”, which simply can be seen as some sort of shadow and illusion of rose, just as the love Emliy pursues. A rose is a funeral flower, and the whole story is Faulkners tribute to Emily, and also to the Old South, of which Miss E

36、mily is the symbol.,The title analysis (A Rose for Emily),The thematic analysis,Three Levels,On the super-facial level,On the symbolic level,On the deeper level,It is a murder story with elements of Gothic literature,The story can be read as a conflict between the South and North with Emily represen

37、ting the South and Homer representing the North .The South takes revenge on the North.,The story explores the inner world of human being or the inner struggle in the human heart.,Miss Emily: a round but static character,A round character: as the advocator as well as the victim of American Southern tradition; as an escapist of social reality; and a pursuer of a happy life. A static character: she rejects all the changes. She could have a better life after her fathers death. However, she doe