高中英语发音教学---48个国际音标.ppt

1、英语语音,音素和国际音标 1什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。 2音素的分类：元音和辅音。 3音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。 4什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。 5什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音协会规定的一套音标，用来记录世界各主要语言的语音。 7. 开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e : name, bike, home, due, plane, shine b) 辅音+元音: he, go, hi, do, be, tree, three, hello 8. 闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音: bad, bed, sit, hot, cup, let, ma

2、d, map b)元音+辅音: it, is, of, in, on, up, out, ant 9.重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。,元音和辅音的定义： 发音时声带振动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。 不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。 发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。 发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。,什么是国际音标？,国际音标（旧称万国音符）是国际 语音学协会（IPA - International Phonetic Association) 于1888年拟定的一套为各国语言注音的语音符号。我们这里所说的

3、国际音标是专门为英语注音的那一部分标音符号。目前我国通用的国际音标共有48个, 其中, 元音音标20个，辅音音标28个。,英语元音 (English vowels),单元音的分类,双元音的分类,英语辅音 (English consonants) (共28个）,前元音,/i:/ feel heat leap / / bad land Dad map hat,/i/ fill hit lip /e/ bed lend dead met head,前元音练习,bee bill deep dig bag test A friend in need is a friend indeed.,Compari

4、son of /i:/ & / Minimal pairs,Comparison of /e/ & / Minimal pairs,后元音+中元音,后元音,/ :/ all fall Hall /u:/ goose food Loose / :/ calm,/ / boss fox hot /u/ good foot Look,Comparison Between /:/ & / / and /:/ & / /,Comparison Between /u:/ & /,中元音 / / : / / /,earth search bird church,another order method do

5、ctor,My younger brother is a doctor We will have a get-together after supper,does some tug,双元音/ei/,age late fail,双元音/ai/ /i/,bike height,boy coin noise voice,双元音 / u/ /au/,coal pose loan bowl,doubt found noun,合口双元音 Closing Diphthongs: /u/ /au/,Warming-up exercise,/a:/: mark part hard basket part of

6、the park pass the glass /u/: full could took sugar good books woolen socks / /: about annoy alive agree bread and butter at the counter,/u/,/u/ is usually read in the following letters or letter groups : o, oa, ow,go toe showgrow road stove boat coat soul cold note hope,/au/,/au/ is usually read in

7、the following letters or letter groups : ou, ow,bow allow found mouse loud cow out now house,ear near dear fear beer,从i滑向，开始用扁唇，嘴不要张开太大，舌身稍向后缩,airplane bear chair scare hair pair,舌身稍向 后缩，由滑向,双唇半开,sure cure tour poor pure,u ,嘴唇从收圆到半开，u音发出，滑向 音。,爆破辅音,/p/ pea /t/ tear /k/ class,/b/ bee /d/ dear /g/ gla

8、ss,Good, better, best， 循序渐进 Never let it rest， 永不停止 Until good is better, 好上加好 And better best ， 精益求精,摩擦辅音 /f/ /v/,fast few leaf proof safe surf,vast view leave prove save serve,He works hard as if he never knew fatigue. It is very difficult for us to finish it before five.,摩擦辅音/s/ /z/,bus ice loose

9、,buzz eyes lose used,摩擦辅音 / / / /,thank theme thick bath breath,than this breathe clothe,舌位图/ & /,/ / / s /,thing faith Mouth / / breathe clothe seethe 沸腾,sing face Mouse /z/ breeze close seize,/ / /t/,Thank thought / / there they,tank taught /d/ dare day /f/ free,摩擦辅音/ / / /,cash fish ship shoe,lei

10、sure measure pleasure vision,Measure for measure. 以牙还牙,摩擦辅音,/h/ he house who hi hello,/r/ red road write wrong,破擦辅音 /ts/ /dz/,carts rates Seats / t/ cheep choke larch 落叶松 rich,cards seeds /d / jeep joke large,破擦辅音/tr/ /dr/,track tree truck try,drag dream drug dry,Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you. 麻烦不找你，别自找麻烦。,鼻辅音/m/ /n/ / /,seem seen seeing sum sun su