必修四unit3Learningaboutlanguage现在分词作状语.ppt

1、现在分词（短语）作状语,现在分词作状语,现在分词作状语时, 分词的逻辑主语必须是 句子的主语, 分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑 上的主谓关系,重点要注意现在分词(短语)的时态 和语态的变化:,主动形式 被动形式 (not) doing (not) being done (not) having done (not) having been done,一般式,完成式,即：注意现在分词作状语时的 主动形式（否定？ 完成？）和被动形式（否定？完成？）,Hearing the bell, the students began to enter the classroom. 听见铃声, 学生们开始走进教室

2、。 (听见和进入两个动作同时发生),Having done the work, he went home. 完成了工作, 他就回家了。,现在分词在句中作状语, 修饰谓语动词或 整个句子, 表示动作发生的原因、时间、 方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在 分词一般不用作表目的地状语(通常用 不定式表目的地状语)。,Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine. (=When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.),While wait

3、ing for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily. (=While he was waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.),1)作时间状语：现在分词所表示的动作与主句的动作如果是同时发生，可由连词when, while引出。,Having finished the work , he went to see his teacher. = After he had finished the work, he went to 完成这次工作后， 他去看望他的老师。 被欺骗了很多次后， 她不再相

4、信他了。 Having been cheated many times, she didnt believe him any more. =After she had been cheated many times, she,2) 作原因状语 Being ill, he didnt go to school. (=As he was ill, he didnt go to school.),由于想到他或许在家, 所以我就给他打了电话。,Thinking he might be at home, I called him. (=As I thought he might be at home,

5、I called him.),没有收到儿子的信，母亲很焦急。(receive) _her sons letter, the mother felt anxious.,(=Since you are a student, you should study hard.) _, you should study hard.,既然你是一个学生, 你就应该努力学习。,Not receiving,Being a student,3)作方式、伴随情况的状语: 作伴随状语的 分词表示的动作, 必须是主语的一个动作, 或是与谓语所表示地动作(或状态)同时发生, 或是对谓语表示的动词(或状态)作进一步 地补充说明

6、。,He sat on the sofa, watching TV. (=He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.),他们笑着谈着走进了教室。,_ , they went into the classroom.,他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。,(He stood and leaned against the wall.) He stood_.,Laughing and talking,leaning against the wall,_, the young people started walking slowly.年轻人跟在老人的后面开始慢慢地走起来。,Foll

7、owing the old man,4) 作结果状语 She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces. 她非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。,全国到处在传唱这首歌曲, 使它成了一首最受 欢迎的歌曲。(make) The song is sung all over the country, _.,making it the most popular song,It rained heavily，_ severe flooding in that town. 那个小镇雨下得很大，导

8、致了洪灾。(result) His father died, _a lot of money. 他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。,resulting in,leaving him,5) 作条件状语,Using your head, you will find a way. = Use your head , and you will find a way. =If you use your head, you will find a way.,一直往前走, 你就会看到一座白色的房子。,_, you will see a white house.,Walking ahead,现在分词(短语)与 过去分

9、词(短语) 作状语的区别: 比较:,Hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying. = If they heard the bad news, they,Given more attention, the trees could have grown better. = If the trees had been given more attention, the trees could have grown better.,_from the top of the building, we saw the house like a match

10、box. _from the top of the building, the house looks like a match box.,Seeing,Seen,see,独立主格结构: 现在分词作状语时可以有自己独立 的主语.这时主语常是名词或代词主格,置于分词之前 I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head 我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上。 All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了。 Time permittin

11、g, well do another two exercises. 如果时间允许, 我们将做另两个练习。,1._, wed better take her to hospital. 母亲生病了, 我们最后带她去医院. 2._, we had no trouble finding the strange cave. 由那个男孩带路，我们很容易就找到了那奇 怪的洞。 3. _,they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow 如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次海滨郊游。,Mother being ill,The boy leading the wa

12、y,Weather permitting,有时也可用with (without) +名词(代词宾格) +分词形式。 With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。 作独立成分: Judging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor. 从外表看, 他一定是个演员。,Exercise: 1. They set out _ for the _ boy. A. searching; losing B. searching; lost C. to search; lost D. searched; l

13、osing 2. The student sat there, _ what to do. A. doesnt knowing B. didnt knowing C. not know D. not knowing,B,D,现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面 加not (never),3. He sat there _ , with his head on his hand. A. and think B. thinking C. thought D. being thought 4. The _ Prime Minister expressed his satisfaction wit

14、h his talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. visiting; add B. visited; adding C. visiting; adding D. visited; added,B,C,5. In winter steam can be seen _from wet clothes _near a fire. A. rising, hanging B. rising, to hang C. rise, hanging D. to rise, to hang 6. I couldnt do my homework with a

15、ll that noise _. A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on 7. Yesterday Professor Li received a letter from one of his friends, _ him to write an article, and he accepted. A. having invited B. invited C. to be invited D. inviting,A,A,D,8. Finding her car stolen, _. A. a policeman was asked to he

16、lp B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help 9. _, the boy couldnt enter his house. A. Since the key has lost B. The key been lost C. Lost the key D. Having lost the key,D,D,10. The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech

17、 for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing 11. European foot ball is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make,B,A,12. “Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C

18、. angrily point D. and angrily pointing,A,13. _ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received,C,14. _ his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill. A. Not knowing B. knowing not C. Not having known D. H

19、aving not known,A,1. The secretary worked late into the night, _a long speech for the president. (NMET91) A. To prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing 2. European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. (NMET 98) A. Making B. makes C. made D. to make,

20、高考链接,B,现在分词作伴随状语,A,现在分词表结果状语,3. “Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice. (NMET93) A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily point D. and angrily pointing,A,现在分词作伴随状语,4. _ a reply, he decided to write again.(NMET92) Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received 5. _ his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill. (1991上海) Not knowing B. knowing not C. Not having known D. Having not known,C,A,现在分词作原因状语, 分词结构中否定词 通常放在现在分词前面。,作原因状语,6. While watching television, _. (NMET2005)