高英一册02.ppt

1、Lesson Two Hiroshima - The “Liveliest” City in Japan,Words for the “Hiroshima” Video,1. thriving: full of life and activity 2. bustling: very busy 3. Peace Monumental Park 4. perish (v.): to die, be completely gone 5. level (v.): destroyed to the level of the ground 6. The Pentagon: main group of mi

2、litary building in Washington, D.C. 7. scorch (v.): to burn something badly 8. controversy: something about which there is disagreement,Words for the “Hiroshima” Video,9. spontaneous: voluntary, unprompted 10. barbarian: uncivilized; wild; brutal; cruel 11. victim: to be the person who suffers from

3、something: an earthquake 12. Achilles Heel: weakness; weak point; weak spot 13. devastate: destroy completely; break down entirely 14. famine: situation where there is no food 15. refugee: a person who has, for some reason, been forced to leave his home or country,Questions,1. Where is Hiroshima loc

4、ated in Japan? 2. What is the population of Hiroshima today? 3. How many buildings were destroyed? 4. How long after Hiroshima was the second bomb dropped on Nagasaki? 5. About how many people were instantly killed?,Questions,6. By the end of the year how many more people died from burns? 7. Did all

5、 of the American government agree that it was a good idea to use atomic bombs? 8. Who was the president during the American Civil War? 9. What is the reason the U.S. government had for using atomic bombs?,Objectives of Teaching,To comprehend the whole text To learn and master the vocabulary and expr

6、essions To learn to paraphrase the difficult sentences To understand the structure of the text To appreciate the style and rhetoric of the passage.,Important and difficult points,1.The separation of the anti-Japanese psychology of the Chinese students with the authors repentance for the atomic bomb

7、cataclysm. 2. What is a narration? 3. The understanding and comprehension of the contradiction between the sorrowful mentality of the author and the humorous language of the text. 4. Words and Useful expressions such as to be preoccupied, to be oblivious, etc.,Background Information,Japan National N

8、ame: Nippon Geography: Four main islands: Honshu (本州), Hokkaido (北海道), Kyushu (九州), and Shikoku (四国) Area: 371,857 sq.km. Population: 122,700,000 (1988). Capital: Tokyo,Japan National Name: Nippon Geography: Four main islands: Honshu (本州), Hokkaido (北海道), Kyushu (九州), and Shikoku (四国) Area: 371,857

9、sq.km. Population: 122,700,000 (1988). Capital: Tokyo,Background Information,Sept.1, 1939 Hitler invaded Poland. France and Britain declared war on Gr. immediately, officially beginning World War II Jun.22, 1941 Gr. invaded USSR Dec. 7, 1941Pearl Harbour Sept. 1943 Italy surrendered May. 7, 1945 Gr.

10、 surrendered unconditionally,Background Information,Aug. 6, 1945the first A-bomb exploded in Hiroshima Aug. 8, 1945USSR declared war on Japan and occupied Manchuria Aug. 9, 1945the dropping of the second A-bomb on Nagasaki Aug. 14, 1945Japan announced its surrender,Background Information,Atomic Bomb

11、: The explosion produces great amounts of heat, a shock wave and intense radiation. The region of the explosion becomes radioactively contaminated and radioactive products may be deposited elsewhere as fallout. *image-1* (原子弹爆炸图）,Background Information,At 8:15 a.m. on August 6, 1945, by order of Pre

12、sident Truman, the first Atomic bomb, nicknamed “Little Boy” was exploded over a point near the centre of Hiroshima, destroying almost everything with a radius of 830-1,450 meters.,Background Information,The damage beyond this area was considerable, and over 80,000 people were killed instantly. Many

13、 more later died of injuries and the effects of radiation. Casualties numbered nearly 140,000.,Background Information,Survivors are still dying of leukaemialju:ki:mi (白血病), pernicious anaemiani:mi: (贫血症), and other diseases induced by radiation. Almost 98% of the buildings were destroyed or severely

14、 damaged.,Background Information,The Japanese dedicated post-war Hiroshima to peace. A destroyed area named Peace City has been set aside as a memorial. A peace Park was built. A special hospital built here treats people suffering from exposure to radiation and conducts research into its effects. *i

15、mage*(日本广岛原子弹纪念馆）,Structural Analysis,Part I: (para 1.) The Arrival Part II: (The Japanese .the kimono and the miniskirt.) Way to the City Hall Part III: (At the door.) Meeting the Mayor Part IV: (Like any other, the hospital) At the Hospital,Questions for Part I (para.1),Part I (Para. 1) 1. Can you

16、 guess the authors occupation, and perhaps, his nationality? 2. How did he get to Hiroshima? What do you think was the aim of his visit? 3. What was weighing heavily on his mind? 4. Why did he call his trip to Hiroshima “a far great adventure”?,Questions for Part I (para.1),5. Explain the phrase - “

17、have a lump in ones throat” and give examples. 6. Name any figure of speech used in the first paragraph. 7. Translate “And secondly, because I had a lump in my throatthe scene of the crime?”,Questions for Part II (para.2-7),1.How did the author get to the City Hall? 2.What impression do you have abo

18、ut the cab driver? 3.How did the author describe the city, why? 4.Why did the usher heave a long almost musical sigh? What effect does this have on you? 5. What is the general atmosphere of this part?,Questions for Part II (para.2-7),6. Explain the following words and phrases: - preoccupations - rub

19、 shoulders with - bobbed up and down repeatedly in little bows - ritual formula of gratitude and respect - the rear-view mirror - this intermezzo came to an end,Questions for Part II (para.2-7),7. Translate: a. the first 3 sentences of paragraph Two b. the last 2 sentences of paragraph Three c. para

20、graph Five 8. Paraphrase: a. Serious-looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them. (para. 2) b. The cab drives door popped open at the very sight of a traveler. (para. 3) c. The rather arresting spectaclethe miniskirt. (para. 7),Questions for Part III (para.8-2

21、7),1. What do you imagine the mayor looked like? 2. Why did he again sense the emotion that had crushed him at the station? 3. Why was it difficult for him to ask why they were gathered at that specific place? 4. Why did the Americans and Germans seem just as inhibited as he was?,Questions for Part

22、III (para.8-27),5. What do you imagine the faces looked like each time the name of Hiroshima was repeated? 6. Why do you think the author repeatedly reminds us of the serious appearances and the psychology of the westerners? 7. What do you think the author expected the mayor to say?,Questions for Pa

23、rt III (para.8-27),8. Translate: Quite unexpectedly,agony. (Para. 9) There are two different schools of thought impact. (para. 25) 9. Paraphrase: a. I experienced a twinge of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks. (para. 8.) b. The few Americans and Germans seem

24、ed just as inhibited as I was. (para. 10),Questions for Part III (para.8-27),Paraphrase: c. After three days in Japan, the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible. (para. 12) d. I was about to make my little bow of assent, when the meaning of these last words sank in, jolting me out or my sad

25、 reverie. (para. 18) 10. Explain: - a porcelain-faced woman - There are two different schools of thought,Questions for Part IV (para.28-39),1. Why didnt the writer ask the patients of the atomic ward the questions he had prepared in advance? 2. What was the answer he read in every eye? 3. Translate:

26、 -“If you bear any visible scars of atomic burns, your children will encounter prejudice on the part of those who do not. (para. 34)” - “Each day that I escape death, character. (the last but one para./ para. 38),Questions for Part IV (para.28-39),4. Paraphrase: “I thought somehow I had been spared.

27、” (para.31),Keys to Paraphrase:,1)They were so absorbed in their conversation that they seemed not to pay any attention to the people around them. 2)As soon as the taxi driver saw a traveler, he immediately opened the door. 3)The traditional floating houses among high modern buildings represent the

28、constant struggle between old tradition and new development.,Keys to Paraphrase:,4)1 suffered from a strong feeling of shame when I thought of the scene of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima wearing my socks only. 5)The few Americans and Germans seemed just as restrained as 1 was,Keys to Paraphrase:,6)A

29、fter three days in Japan one gets quite used to bowing to people as a ritual to show gratitude 7)1 was on the point of showing my agreement by nodding when I suddenly realized what he meantHis words shocked me out of my sad dreamy thinking. 8)I thought for some reason or other no harm had been done

30、to me.,Writing Style,Narration: The telling of a story. A good narration has a beginning, a middle and an end.,Writing Style,In a narrative writing, the actions or the incidents, events are generally presented in order of their occurrence, following the natural time sequence of the happenings, It is

31、 called to be in chronological order. But it can also start in the middle or at some other point in the action and move backward to the earlier happenings. This is called flashback.,Writing Style,There are three basic components of a narration: a. Plot: the frame of the writing, which consists of a

32、series of events. There are usu. one or several climaxes, the highest point of the story, with suspensions, conflicts, to arouse the interest of the audience. After the climax is reached, the story quickly moves to a conclusion.,Writing Style,b. Characters: the leading character is called the hero o

33、r protagonist. c. Background: the time and place of the story The plot usually dominates narration, however, some narratives focus on character or theme or atmosphere.,Detailed Study of the Text,1. slip: to move glidingly, smoothly, secretly or unnoticed 2. lump: a mass of something solid without a

34、special size or shape a lump of lead, sugar Black coffee, 2 lumps, please! a hard swelling on the body She was afraid when she felt a lump in her left breast.,to have a lump in ones throat: to have a tight feeling in the throat because strong emotion, such as sorrow, pity, gratitude, or excitement,

35、etc. During her husbands funeral, she had a lump in her throat. Johns mother had a lump in her throat at his college graduation.,Detailed Study of the Text,3. on my mind: troubling ones thoughts, causing anxiety, unhappiness. When you have sth. on your mind, you are completely preoccupied and obsess

36、ed. His failure weighs heavily on his mind. He has got too much on his mind to worry about your problem.,Detailed Study of the Text,cf: in ones mind: think about, think of I think I know whats in your mind. Her mother was always in her mind.,Detailed Study of the Text,4. the very act of stepping on

37、this soil: act and action: Action refers primarily to the process of acting; act to the result, the things done. The rescue of a shipwrecked crew is a heroic action while the launching of the lifeboat, a brave act.,Detailed Study of the Text,on this soil: on this land, on this earth, ground (soil: a

38、n emotive word) e.g. A person in exileeksail comes back to his motherland, he kneels down to kiss the soil. Here it suggests the emotion of the author. He thinks his country is responsible for the A-bomb destruction. He is preoccupied. He has the feeling of atoning for the crime.,Detailed Study of t

39、he Text,5. adventure: a journey that is strange and exciting and often dangerous, sth. you do or a situation you become involved in that is rather unusual, exciting and dangerous. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,Detailed Study of the Text,Detailed Study of the Text,6.

40、 reportorial: of / about a reporter the adj. form of reporter 7. crime: an offence which is punishable by law, an immoral act 8. appear Appear, Look, and Seem can mean to be as stated in ones view or judgement, but not necessarily in fact.,Seem suggests an opinion based on subjective impression rath

41、er than objective signs. e.g. He seems tired. e.g. My other visits to Beijing were twenty years ago. How would it seem after such a long time?,Detailed Study of the Text,Detailed Study of the Text,Look implies that the opinion is based on a general visual impression. e.g. His lips looked unnatural.

42、e.g. He looks nervous. Appear suggests a distorted impression e.g. He appeared not to have heard what had been said about him.,9. preoccupy: to fill ones mind completely so that not enough attention is given to other present matters e.g. When he is preoccupied with his hobby, he has no idea of what

43、is going on around him. I was too preoccupied to hear the bell. He had a preoccupied look on his face, as if something was troubling him.,Detailed Study of the Text,preoccupation: extreme concern for sth. e.g. Reading is his main preoccupation It seemed to me that the Japanese did not have the same

44、extreme concern which is bothering me. I was totally absorbed in the consideration of the crime, but the Japanese did not appear to be so.,Detailed Study of the Text,10. rub shoulders with: to meet and mix with (people) e.g. This is not the sort of club where the great rub shoulders with the humble.

45、 A person in my position rubs shoulders with all kinds of people. In our community, people of all trades (porter, carpenter, coppersmith, etc.) rubber shoulders with each other.,Detailed Study of the Text,11. oblivious: be unaware of, not noticing, unconscious of, lacking mindful attention e.g. Thei

46、r government is oblivious of the rights of the poor. I am oblivious of my former failure. I was so preoccupied with the book that I was oblivious of the surroundings.,Detailed Study of the Text,e.g. I was so preoccupied with the beautiful woman I met on the bus that I was oblivious of the pickpocket

47、 beside me / of what the conductress was yelling when the bus came to a stop.,Detailed Study of the Text,Detailed Study of the Text,12. bob: to move up and down quickly and repeatedly The cork(软木塞) on the fishing line bobbed up and down on the water. 13. rite: a ceremonial act with a fixed pattern,

48、usu. for a religious purpose, form of behaviour with a fixed pattern,e.g. I dont know much about the rites of that church. Secret society has their special rites. ceremonial / burial / marriage rites On Sunday we make our ritual visit to the pub at lunchtime. (humorous usage),Detailed Study of the T

49、ext,14. formula: an expression which is often used in a particular situation, esp. one that has come to sound stupid and meaningless They exchanged the set of conventionally fixed pattern of daily greetings.,Detailed Study of the Text,Detailed Study of the Text,15. facade: front or face of a buildin

50、g towards a street or open place 16. grin: broad smile that shows the teeth. It intends to imply naive cheerfulness. 17. rear-view mirror: a mirror (as in an automobile) that gives a view of the area behind the vehicle,Detailed Study of the Text,18. martyr: a person who is put to death or caused to

51、suffer for his beliefs e.g. a martyr to a cause / love / duty Eternal life to the revolutionary martyrs! (v.) to put to death, cause to suffer, to torture out of cruelty,Detailed Study of the Text,19. lurch: to move with irregular sudden movements, to move unsteadily, clumsily, with heavy rolling an

52、d swaying back and forth e.g. The wounded man lurched across the field. 20. in response to: as an answer to e.g. She opened the door in response to the knock.,Detailed Study of the Text,e.g. In response to your inquiries, we regret to inform you that we cannot help you in this matter. Twice I put th

53、e request to him but he said nothing in response.,Detailed Study of the Text,21. twist: to wind a number of threads, etc. together to make a rope by twisting threads to twist the hair to make it curl to turn, to change direction abruptly to twist the cap of a tube of tooth paste He twisted my arm. G

54、ive the handle a twist, that will open the box.,Detailed Study of the Text,22. screech: to make a sharp, high-pitched noise 23. halt: to stop or pause, mainly used in the phrase come to a halt 24. ignorance: lack of knowledge e.g. Please forgive our ignorance.,Detailed Study of the Text,e.g. Poverty

55、, disease and ignorance remain major world problems. We are in complete ignorance of his plan. ignorant: To be ignorant of something is not to know it. e.g. He is quite ignorant of Latin. She was ignorant of his presence.,Detailed Study of the Text,It is a point of honor with the taxi driver to take

56、 the passenger to whichever destination he wants to go.,25. intermezzo: short musical composition to be played between the acts of a drama or an opera, or one that connects the main divisions of a large musical work such as a symphony. This word is used very light-heartedly here.,Detailed Study of t

57、he Text,26. I found myself in front of the gigantic City Hall. cf: I got to the front of. The first sentence indicates suddenness, unconsciousness. I suddenly discovered that I was in front of the City Hall.,Detailed Study of the Text,Detailed Study of the Text,gigantic: titanic, massive, huge, a cl

58、ose synonym of giant giant: in fairy tales, a very big, strong creature in the form of a man, but often unfriendly to human beings and very cruel and stupid. 27. usher: official door keeper, a man who shows people to their seats on an important occasion, (or in a theatre or cinema),Detailed Study of

59、 the Text,28. heave: to give out (a sad sound), esp. in the phrase to heave a sigh / groan“ e.g. We all heaved a sigh of relief when the work was done. sigh: an act of letting out a deep breath slowly and with a sound She nodded, sighed and went on cooking. He gave another deep sigh.,Detailed Study of the Text,29. sketch: to draw roughly and quickly with outlines but little detail 30. embankment: a wide wall of stones or earth, which is built to keep a river from overflowing its banks, or to carry a road or railway over low ground e.g. We must throw up