立信《会计专业英语》课件Lesson-seventeen.ppt

1、Lesson seventeen,Long-term assets,New words, phrases and special terms,Depletion 损耗 The using up of an asset, especially a mineral asset. For example, a quarry is depleted by the extraction of stone.,New words, phrases and special terms,Amortization 分摊，摊销 The process of treating as an expense the an

2、nual amount deemed to waste away from a fixed asset. The concept is particularly applied to leases, which are acquired for a given sum for a specified term at the end of which the lease by the number of years of its term and treat the result as an annual charge against profit. While this method does

3、 not necessarily reflect the value of the lease at any given time, it is an equitable way of allocating the original cost between periods.,New words, phrases and special terms,分期偿还 The repayment of debt by a borrower in a series of installments over a period. Each payment includes interest and part

4、repayment of the capital.,New words, phrases and special terms,前期借款费用摊销 The spreading of the front-end fee charged on taking out a loan over the life of a loan for accounting purposes. 折旧 In the USA, another word for depreciation.,New words, phrases and special terms,Carrying amount 账面金额 The balance

5、-sheet value of an asset or liability. For example, a fixed asset, such as a building, will be shown at the historical cost convention. Under alternative accounting rules it can be shown at the revalued amount less the accumulated depreciation to date.,New words, phrases and special terms,Carrying c

6、ost 账面成本 The cost of holding stock from the date of receipt to the date of disposal, or for any other specified period. These costs include warehousing, insurance, and security.,New words, phrases and special terms,Historical cost 历史成本 A method of valuing units of stock or other assets based on the

7、original cost incurred by the organization. For example, the issue of stock using first-in-first-out cost or average cost charge the original cost against profits. Similarly, the charging of depreciation to the profit and loss account, based on the original cost of an asset, is writing off the histo

8、rical cost of the asset against profits. An alternative approach is the use of current cost accounting.,New words, phrases and special terms,Straight-line method 直线法 A method of calculating the amount by which a fixed asset is to be depreciated in an accounting period, in which the depreciation to b

9、e charged against income is based on the original cost or valuation, less the assets estimated net residual value, divided by its estimated life in years. This has the effect of a constant annual depreciation charge against profits year by year. In some circumstances the net residual value is ignore

10、d.,New words, phrases and special terms,Salvage value (scrap value) 残值 The realizable value of an asset at the end of its useful life. When it is no longer suitable for its original use. Fixed assets, stock, or waste arising from a production process can all have a salvage value.,sentences,The costs

11、 related to the use of long-term assets must be properly calculated and matched against the revenues the assets help generate.,sentences,As long as the asset is in service, the cumulative balance of depreciation taken is carried in the contra account, Accumulated Depreciation, which will be deducted from the related asset account on the balance sheet to compute the book value or carrying value of the asset.,sentences,In contrast to routine or periodic maintenance, expenditures may be made for what are often termed extraordinary repairs or betterments.,sentences,To the extent that betterme