英语语流训练之隐喻疏导法.ppt

1、英语语流训练之隐喻疏导法,纪玉华 厦门大学 外文学院,英语演讲学习中的难点,学生为什么抱怨？ 为什么许多老华侨英语也是讲得 不流畅、不漂亮？ 英语语流需要专业训练。 但是，传统的专业训练太理论化、太抽象、太刻板。,用新方法解释语流规则,“省读”、“失爆”、 “连读”、“同化” 怎样帮助学生理解、记住并掌握这些规则？ 用打比方和讲故事的方式启发、疏导学生。,用四个比喻解释语流规则,1）果断开除捣蛋鬼； 2）控制自己莫发火； 3）团结员工抓效率； 4）感化员工促和谐。,用四个比喻解释语流规则,果断开除捣蛋鬼 = 省读 控制自己莫发火 = 失爆 团结员工抓效率 = 连读 感化员工促和谐 = 同化,果

2、断开除捣蛋鬼,英语口语中到底谁是捣蛋鬼呢？捣蛋鬼就是/t/ 和/d/。只要/t/或者/d/的前面和后面都是辅音（包括/w/和/j/），就必须把他们开除掉。这在英语语音学中叫做“省读”。,果断开除捣蛋鬼,果断开除捣蛋鬼,圆括号里的t和d都要省略掉。 las(t) summer、las(t) week、wen(t) to、behin(d) me、turne(d) round、pos(t)card、len(t) me a book、passe(d) quickly、sen(d) cards、las(t) day、spen(t) the whole day,控制自己莫发火,现代企业老板要讲文明，要学会

3、控制自己，举起手来，刚想打人，突然控制了自己，把拳头再慢慢地放下来。这在英语语音学中叫做“失爆”。,控制自己莫发火,音学中叫做“失爆”。,控制自己莫发火,方括号里的爆破音都不能爆破出来。 a good seat、could not hear、did not pay any attention、could not bear it、I got very angry、cant hear、looked /lu k t/、visited museums、public gardens、private conversation taught me 、thought about postcards a big

4、 decision、bought thirty-seven cards,控制自己莫发火,这条规则有例外:在同一个单词内，如果爆破音/p, b, k, g /后面跟着/l/或/r/，那么这个爆破音还是要爆破出来的，比如：play这个词里面的/p/要正常发出来, angry这个词中的/g/要正常发出来，public这个词中的/b/要正常发出来, quickly这个词中的/k/要正常发出来。,团结员工抓效率,团结员工抓效率,下划线连起来的辅音和元音要连读。 I had a、 looked at the man、bear it I turned round again、hear a word its

5、none of your business、 this is a 、sat in、a few words of Italian、I read a few lines、understand a word、thought about but I 、got up、write a。,团结员工抓效率,这条规则也有例外，如果要强调一个词，就不要连读， 不要读成said angrily， 不要读成got up early；不要读成I got angry；不要读成 I did not enjoy it； 不要读成 postcards always， 不要读成 did not understand。 在这种情况

6、下，爆破音要用控制的方法来处理。,感化员工促和谐,被开除两个家伙由于金融危机在外面也找不到工作，后来又来找你，你心肠很软，同情他们，又收留了他们。他们受到感化，决心痛改前非，好好做人，没想到他们成了全公司最会搞和谐的员工，对同事都特别客气、特别礼貌、特别谦让。这在英语语音学中叫做“同化”,感化员工促和谐,感化员工促和谐,同化就是趋同变化，/t/和/d/在/p, b, m, g, k, /的前面时，就变成/p, b, g, k/，比如：a good dg girl、 a good db boy、not tp pay private tk conversation、 visited db muse

7、ums、 about tp postcards、 not tb bear it、taught tp me,四条语流规则的综合练习,Las(t) week I wen(t) to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting, but I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behin(d) me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear th

8、e actors. I turne(d) round an(d) looked at the man an(d) the woman angrily, but they did not tp pay any attention to me. In the end, I could nottb bear it. I turne(d) round again. “I can(t) hear a word!” I said angrily. “Its none of your business,” the young man said rudely. “This is a private tk co

9、nversation!”,四条语流规则的综合练习,Pos(t)cards always spoil my holidays. Las(t) summer, I wen(t) to Italy. I visited db museums an(d) sat in publicc gardens. A friendly waiter taught tp me a few words of Italian. Then he len(t) me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Every day I thought about tp pos(t)cards. My holidays pass(d) quickly, but I did not sen(d) cards to my friends. On the las(t) day I made a big decision. I got up early an(d) bought thirty-seven cards. I spen(t) the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!,