初三英语复习 情景交际及句型转换

1、初三英语复习初三英语复习 情景交际及句型转换情景交际及句型转换 本讲是以句子为主线，运用科学的学习方法，抓住语言知识的重点和难点，在有限的时间 里提高学习效率，举一反三，事半功倍地学好英语句型，卓有成效地提高语言表达能力，英语 是一种语言，语言如果不说，不去交流，怎么能叫语言呢？会听、会说、会读、会写、会用英 文各种句型进行自由转换，才算是具备了语言表达的实际应用能力。 英语学习的单位是句子，而不是单词、词组。句子简单明确，容易掌握，并马上可以用于交流。 通过记住日常交际英语，学习情景交际，提高语言表达能力；通过简单句、并列句、复合句学 习单词、语法和句型。培养英语思维的能力，灵活运用所学句子

2、。确实学英语最重要的不是单 词量，而是句子量！句子要脱口而出才是真正的成功。 本讲侧重语言表达，分两个部分：情景交际，句型转换。 情景交际 新教材试卷的特点，重视日常交际用语、会话运用能力的考查，紧扣教材，紧密联系学生 的生活实际。这类题型具体表现在： 1、纯考交际英语的试题。如：从右栏找出对左栏句子做出正确应答的句子； （例 1） 从右栏找出对左栏句子做出正确应答的句子： （）1 This is Mr. Brown. A. Nice to meet you. （）2 Good morning! B. Good idea. （）3 Im sorry Im late. C. This is Pi

3、ngping speaking. （）4 Shall we have a walk? D. Thank you. （）5 You speak good English. E. The same to you. （）6 Whats the date today? F. Thats all right. （）7 Happy New Year! G. June 14 （）8 Whos that speaking? H. Good morning! 答案：1. A 2.H 3.F 4.B 5.D 6.G 7.E 8.C 选择恰当的句子完成对话； （例 2） 1 根据下面的对话，从 AE 五个选项中，选

4、出能填入空白处的最佳答案。 A：Hello! West Lake Hotel? B：Yes, this is West Lake Hotel. A：_1_ B：Room number, please? A：Room 316. B：_2_ A：All right. B：Im sorry. Mr Brown is out at the moment. _3_ A：Yes, I think Ill have a message for him. B：OK. _4_ A：Would you ask Mr Brown to give me a ring later today? _5_ My names

5、 John Smith. B：All right. No problem. A. Ill be happy to take it. B. Would you like to leave a message? C. My phone number is 6085596. D. May I speak to Mr Peter Brown. E. Wait a minute, please. 1 D 2 E 3 B 4 A 5 C 例 3 完成对话，每空一词。 A: Hello, Jim! _1_ to see you again. B: _2_ , Lucy! A: _3_ _4_ with yo

6、ur right arm? B: It was hurt the day _5_ yesterday. A: _6_ was it hurt? B: I fell _7_ my bike _8_ _9_ way home. A: Oh! Im sorry _10_ _11_ that. Did you _12_ the doctor then. B: Yes. He said there was _13_ serious. He told me to stay _14_ bed and _15_ a good rest. 答 案 ： 1.Nice2.Hello3.What s 4.wrong5

7、.before6.How7.off 8.on 9.my 10.to 11.hear 12.see 13.nothing 14.in 15.have 要做好语段题，阅读能力很重要。在读懂全文的基础上，抓住已有信息，填上从意义和结构上 都正确的词和句子。 2 、单项填空题设置几道有关交际英语的试题。 Thank you for your help._. A. OK B. Sure C. Thats all right D. The same to you Will you please pass me the knife?_. A. Yes, please. B. Here you are. C.

8、 Not at all. D. You are welcome. 3 、听力测试注重语言表达，情景交际，如： 根据所听对话及所给的问题选择正确答案 1. W: Would you like some coffee or tea? M: I like them both, but Id like to have something cold. Q: What dose the man want to drink? A. Something cold B. Coffee C. Tea D. Hot drink (答案为 A，要选对答案， 首先要掌握这样几个关键词，即 both 和转折连词 but

9、及其后的 would like something cold.) 2. M: How much is your new watch? W: Its fifty-two dollars. M: Yours is expensive. My friend Jim bought one like yours yesterday. Its two dollars cheaper. Q: How much is Jims watch? A. Fifty-two dollars B. Fifty dollars C. Fifty-four dollars D. Forty-eight dollars （答

10、案为 B，该题涉及简单的数字计算，关键词52 和 2 dollars cheaper） 3. M: Hello, Alice. This is Jack at the office. Is Mike at home? W: No, Jack. Hes in class now. Hell be back home for supper. Q: Where is Jack now? A. He is at home. B. He is in class. C. He is at the office. D. He is either at home or in class. (答案为 C，该题是

11、一段对话，涉及三个地点，三个人物，听力测试时，努力捕捉信息，具体人 物当时在何处，注意排除无关人物Alice 和 Mike) 4. M: Does Mr. More have much money? W: Yes, hes very rich. M: Does he have many friends? W: I dont think so. He isnt happy. Q: Why isnt Mr. More happy? A. Because he is very rich. B. Because he is too poor. C. Because he isnt rich enoug

12、h. D. Because he has few friends. (答案为 D，不快乐的原因与钱无关，而是 He doesnt have many friends. 即 He has few friends.) 4完形填空，阅读理解等题中都含有较强的交际性。 为了适应考试，同学们在初二期末复习时应注意如下几个方面。 1注意掌握中英文功能意念方面的知识 在平时的学习中，同学们都十分重视语言知识的学习与模拟测试的训练。然而，语言知识并不 等于语言运用能力，而只是语言运用能力的一个组成部分。语言运用能力还应包括语言功能意 念方面的知识。如： “Have you had you dinner yet

13、?” （你吃饭了吗）即使这句话你能读懂、 听懂、会写、会说，但是如果不了解这句话的中英文功能意念方面的差异，就可能见到英语国 家的友人 （不论人家是男， 还是女） ， 也不管什么时候、 什么场合， 就用 “Have you had you dinner yet?”与对方打招呼，让人惊愕，尴尬。因为“你吃饭了吗”在中国具有打招呼的功能，相当 于英语中的“Hi!” “Hello!”而英语“Have you had you dinner yet?”没有打招呼的功能。 他们习惯见面时谈论天气，也是一种寒暄，并不是一定就是问天气。常出现这样的对话 Its a lovely day, isn t it?

14、Yes, isnt it? Beautiful weather, isn t it? Yes, it certainly is. 因此，为了避免因缺乏语言的功能意念方面的知识而导致交际的失败，我们要 在训练与提高语言能力的同时，注意掌握中英文功能意念方面的差异。 2注意了解并熟悉英语国家的社会、文化、习俗方面的知识，是提高交际能力必不可少的 1）称呼 中国的人名一般姓在前，名在后；而英语国家的人名则是名在前，姓在后。许多人在名与姓之 间还有一个中间名。如：James Allan Green，其中 James 为名（first name 或 given name） ， Allan 为中间名 （m

15、iddle name， 通常用首字母加点代替） ； Green 则为姓 （last name， family name 或 surname） 。在正式场合或介绍某人时，可使用全名James Green，在公文中签名一般用 James A. Green（中间名一般情况下不用） 。在非正式场合下，朋友与熟人之间可直呼其名James 或呼 其姓名 James Green 甚至用昵称 Jim。 英语国家最常见的称呼是Mr（先生） ，Mrs（夫人） ，Miss（小姐） ，Ms（婚姻状况不明的女士） 等，再加上姓。但如果在旅馆、商店，对陌生人可称Sir（先生） 、Madam（夫人） 。 2）赞扬 英语国家

16、的人与中国人对赞扬的反应是不同的。中国人习惯于谦虚、礼让，当别人赞扬自己时 要说些谦让的话，而英语国家的人则比较实际，认为得到赞扬受之无愧，对赞扬者表示感谢。 如：一个初学汉语的外国朋友，虽然汉语讲得很一般，但如果恭维他： “Your Chinese is very good.”他会回答“Really? Thank you. Im very glad to hear that.”对这样的回答中国 人会认为是不够谦虚或喜欢恭维。 而当一个英语说得很流利的中国人听到外国人这样的赞扬时， 他一般要说“不行，哪里，还差远了”等表示谦虚的话，而英语国家的人，则会认为这种“谦 虚”是无理和不承认他们的鉴赏

17、能力， 或认为这种“自贬”是“自卑” ，或者是言不由衷的虚伪。 3）客套 中国人非常客套，对别人的款待总要谦让一番。如：在别人家里作客，别人问：“喝点什么”尽 管当时很渴，但总是客气地说： “不，我不渴。 ”而当主人送上饮料、茶水之后还是照喝不误。 而英语国家的人则不然，当中国人问“Would you like to have some tea? ”如果他回答“No， thank you.”主人则无须坚持给他沏茶。否则，他会认为你不尊重他的意见，强迫他做不愿意 做的事。而英语国家的人问“Would you like to have some tea?”如果你回答“No，thank you.”

18、他就是不会再坚持为你沏茶的，尽管你口渴，你也只能忍着。又如：Nice to meetyou.往往用 于双方见面时。而当你与别人愉快地谈话之后要离开时，应该说Bye! It was nice talking to you. 4）自谦 中国人喜欢自谦。即使是送给别人很贵重的礼物也会说： “一点薄礼，不成敬意。 ”请人吃饭， 虽然十碗八盘，也会说“家常便饭” 。本来饭菜做得不错，还要说： “笨手笨脚，菜做得不好。 ” 而英语国家的人在相同的情况下。他们会说“Here is a beautiful Christmas card. ”或“I ve got a small present for you.

19、 I hope you like it.”或“Ive got a big meal for you.” 5）隐私 中国人与英语国家的人对于个人隐私都不愿别人过问。然而，英语国家的隐私范围比中国人的 广得多。包括如年龄、婚姻状况、个人收入、宗教信仰、政治倾向等都属于个人隐私。如第一 册第十二课，一位英国老太太 Mary Hyde 问中国小姑娘“How old are you?”小女孩答“Im twelve.”接着女孩子问老太太相同的问题，老太太用低沉而又神秘的声音说， “Ah，its a secret.” 老人忌讳说出实际年龄。 询问个人隐私是不礼貌的表现， 因此， 在与外国朋友交谈时， 最好避

20、免这些话题。 6）致谢 在致谢这一点上， 中国人与英语国家的人是相通的。 但应注意两点： 其一， 英语国家的人说 “Thank you”的频率要高得多。 即使关系很亲密如家庭成员或好朋友也经常使用。 而中国人在同样情况 下使用得则要少得多。即使得到对方的帮助与馈赠也通常不说 “谢谢” ，中国人认为对亲人或密 友言谢反而拉开了彼此距离。其二，对致谢的应答，中国人与英语国家的人是完全不同的。中 国人习惯上说： “不用谢，这是我应该做的。 ” （No thanks. Its my duty. ）对于这样的回答英 语国家的人会认为这是在尽义务，履行职责。帮助别人而出于无奈，没有绅士风度。他们对于 致谢

21、的回答是“You are welcome.”或“With pleasure.” 学习英语的目的在于用英语进行交际，要想说地道的英语，在不同场合说符合当时情境的 话，掌握日常交际用语很重要。初中有交际功能30 个。本讲简单介绍其中打电话、谈论天气、 问路、购物、看病、就餐六种情况的交际用语和答语。 1打电话 问：Hello! May I speak to? (不说 Please look for) Is that(speaking)?(不说 Are you?) 答：Hello. This is (speaking). (不说 I am) Who is that? (不说 Who are you?

22、) Hold on，please. He/She isnt here right now. Can I take a message for you? Sorry, youve got the wrong number. 问：I called to tell/ask you 2谈论天气 问：Whats the weather like today? Hows the weather in ? 答：Its fine/cloudy/windy/rainy. etc. 问：Its rather warm/cold/hot, etc., today, isnt it? 答：Yes. 3问路 问：Exc

23、use me. Wheres the nearest post office? Excuse me, can you tell me the way to ? 答：Go down /along this street/road. Turn right/left at the first/second crossing/turning. Sorry, I dont know. 问：How can I get to?I dont know the way. 答：You may go by bus/on foot, etc. 问：Which bus shall I take? Which bus d

24、o I need? 答：The No.2 bus. 问：How far is it? 答：Its aboutkilometres away (from here). 4购物 问：What can I do for you ? May/Can I help you ? (一般不说 What do you want?) 答：I want/Id like How much is it? Thats too much/expensive, Im afraid. Thats fine. Ill take it. Let me have kilo/box，etc. Do you have any othe

25、r kind/size/colour, etc. ? 问：How many/much do you want? What colour/size/kind do you want? How do you like? What do you think of ? 5看病 问：Whats wrong/the matter with you? Whats your trouble? 答：Theres something wrong with Ive got a cough. I feel terrible/bad. I dont feel well. Ive got a pain here. Thi

26、s place hurts. 问：Ive got a bad cold. 答：Im sorry to hear that. 问：How long have you been like this? 答：Ever since 问：Let me take your temperature. Take this medicine three times a day. Drink plenty of water and have a good rest. Its nothing serious. Youll be all right soon. 6就餐 问：What would you like to

27、have? Would you like something to eat/drink? 答：Id like. 问：Would you like something more? Help yourself to some ? 答：Thank you. Ive had enough. /Just a little，please. 在以上所列的题型中，补全对话对学生综合运用的能力要求较高。 怎样做补全对话 补全对话，也叫做完成对话或情景对话，是考查学生语言运用能力、交际能力和对篇章结构理 解能力的测试题型。由于这种题型内容多，层次复杂，综合性强，故给考生造成一定的解题困 难。 如何做好补全对话题。

28、 1仔细审题 这是完成对话时最重要的一步。考生应通过上下文情景揭示，搞清楚对话是在何时、 何地、 何种场合进行的。然后围绕主要话题，联系情景，认真分析主要话题涉及到的相关内容。 2注意语境 所谓语境，就是文字所给定的具体语言环境。要分析语境是属于哪种情况：打电话，就要用电 话用语；到商店购物，就要按与售货员对话的句式套用；用餐，就要用餐桌用语问答等。人们 说行有行话，就是这个道理。例如: -_? -Id like to buy a pair of shoes. A. What are you looking for B. Do you want to buy something C. What

29、 do you want D. Can I help you 3分析信息 如同汉语一样，英语对话也是你有来言，我有去语，这种来言或去语就是信息。分析、 理解、 推断这种信息就是解题的关键。 如打电话的下句 “This is speaking.” , 上句就是Who s that speaking?”或“Is thatspeaking?”又如谈论天气的下句是“Its rainy today.” 上句肯定是Whats the weather like today? ”问日期下句是Its Oct. l8th.上句肯定是 Whats the date today? 4了解差异 中国文化与英美文化之间存

30、在着较大的差异，体现在交际用语上更是明显，切不可按照汉 语的思维习惯和方式去运用英语， 而是要根据具体的语言环境和英美文化习俗恰当地作出回答。 比如进商店，售货员会问What can I do for you? ”或Can I help you?”而不会说What do you want to buy?(你要什么?); 就餐时主人一般说 Help yourself to”而不会说 is delicious. Please eat some.(好吃，你吃啊) 5选择答案 通过认真地综合分析，推理判断后，就可以选择答案或填入词语了。对较易的空白处要做到当 断则断，不要犹豫不决，拿不准的空白处可综合

31、全文，把答案带入试读，如觉别扭，立即换掉。 6把握标点 一篇文章或对话中的标点符号具有明显的提示和限定作用，这是勿容置疑的。比如，是问 号，即空白处只能是疑问句(特殊、一般、选择、反意、附加等)；是感叹号，肯定是带有强烈 感情色彩的句子或问候用语;是句号，则一般是陈述句;是引号，则肯定是引述的原话等等。 7检查验证 这是完成对话的重要一环。把选好的答案带入全篇，根据整篇对话上下文的逻辑关系，加 以检查验证是否与整个语言环境相一致。是否符合初中所学基本语法(词法、句法)；是否符合 全文的逻辑意念;是否符合英语特有的习惯表达法; 是否符合交际英语的规律;对话是否具有连 贯性和整体性;对话的人称、数

32、、时态是否前后一致等。 句型转换 抓住句型是学好英语的有效途径。英语毕竟是外语，与汉语说话有很多不同之处。学英语就 是要掌握英语句型，不能以汉语的说话方式套用。初中课本中有上百个句型。如： There is some fish on the plate. Help yourself to some fish. I dont think it is good for animals to stay in cages. The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep. 这些句型构成了英语活的语言，能灵活地套用这些句型，就是符合英语语言习惯

33、的地道的 英语。学习新句型，要联想旧句型，循序渐进，对比分析，找出两种或几种句型的异同点。汉 语中的一句话有多种说法， 英语也一样。 句型之间的相互转换形成了句子丰富多彩的表达方式。 如这样一句话“你的电脑值多少钱？”可分别表达为： How much is your computer? How much did you spend on your computer? What did your computer cost? Whats the price of your computer? How much did you pay for your computer? How much did

34、 it take to buy the computer ? 句型转换的能力是英语运用的基本功。句意的多种表达法是以句型的不同为基础的。如： Will/Would/Could you mend my bike? Mend my bike, will you? Please mend my bike . Would you be kind enough to mend my bike? Can you put my bike right? Would you mind mending my bike? Would you mind if I ask you to mend my bike? I

35、wonder if you can mend my bike. 在初一单复数、肯定句、否定句、一般或选择疑问句及对划线部分提问等句型转换的基础上， 初二的句型转换主要是：改写句子，在改写后的句子中填入适当的词，使其与原句意相符，是 考查的主要题型之一，即用不同的句型表达相同或相近的意思。可用同义词、近义词、反义词 进行转换，也可利用各种短语、简单句、并列句、复合句结构等进行转换，是练习句型基本功 的有效方法。该题型能全面了解学生驾驭语言的实际运用能力，难度较大。同学们必须具备充 足的词汇，句型和替换、转换能力，才能做出听力和笔试的正确答案。 本讲以讲解同义（近义）句的方式，归纳分析初二重点、难

36、点句型，帮助同学们找出规律， 提高解题质量。 简单句与简单句 （一）用同义（近义）结构 1 I have a pain in my head. My head hurts. 2 The children are wearing beautiful clothes. The children are in beautiful clothes. 3 There is a strong wind today. Its very windy today. 4 He walks to school every day. He goes to school on foot every day. 5 His

37、 father took a plane to the USA three days ago. Three days ago his father flew to the USA. 6 She didnt want to eat anything. She didnt feel like eating anything. 7 Must he stop drinking wine? Does he have to stop drinking wine? 8 She teaches herself English. She learns English (all) by herself. （二）用

38、反义结构 1 Neither of the cars is old. Both of the cars are new. 2 Xiao Chen lent me a Chinese-English dictionary. I borrowed a Chinese-English dictionary from Xiao Chen. 3 At that time Han Mei was too young to go to school. At that time Han Mei wasnt old enough to go to school. 4 He isnt asleep. He is

39、awake. 操练时，把近义词或反义词放在一句话里，区别更明显，容易记忆，如： I have spent too much money on this coat, but its much too large for me. Will you please lend me the book you borrowed from the library yesterday？ （三）常用句型 1 May I ? Please . May I come in? Please let me in. 2 Shall we ? Lets , shall we? Shall we go to the zoo?

40、 Lets go to the zoo, shall we? 3 Will you please? Please , will you? Dont open the door, will you? Will you please keep the door closed? 4 Why not do ? Why dont you do? Why not go with us? Why dont you go with us? 5 What is somebody? What does somebody do? Whats your father? What does your father do

41、? 6 Its best to dohad better do Its best to catch a No.11 bus. You had better catch a No.11 bus. 7 Wheres? Which is the way to? Tell me the way to? How can I get to? Could you tell me how to get to？ 8 How+形容词！What+（形容词）名词！ How clever the girl is! What a clever girl she is! 9 somebody spends some tim

42、e (in) doing something it takes somebody some time to do something They spent ten minutes walking there. It took them ten minutes to walk there. 10 somebody spends some money on something/ buying something somebody pays some money for something/ to buy something something costs somebody some money H

43、e spent five pounds on the T-shirt. He paid five pounds for the T-shirt. The T-shirt cost him five pounds. 11肯定句，肯定句，too bothand Mr. Wang is a worker. Mrs. Wang is a worker, too. Both Mr. Wang and Mrs. Wang are workers. 12否定句+instead 肯定句 肯定句+instead of 短语 They didnt go to the cinema, instead they we

44、nt on a field trip. They went on the field trip instead of going to the cinema. 13 How do you like? What do you think of? How do you like the film? What do you think of the film? 14延续性动词+until not+非延续性动词+until They talked on and on until 11 at night. They didnt stop talking until 11 at night. 15 som

45、ething interest/surprise/excite/worry（使役动词）somebodysomebody be interested/surprised/excited/worried The news surprised us. We were surprised at the news. We were surprised to hear the news. The interesting film interests me. Im interested in the interesting film. 16.用 with 改写句子，表示用，带有，带着等方式或伴随状语。 1.

46、 I like the mooncake. The mooncake has nuts in it. I like the mooncake _ nuts in it. 2. She used a knife to cut the cake. She cut the cake _ a knife. 3. He smiled and said, “Good morning!” “Good morning!” he said _ a smile. 4. After saying these words, the tiger jumped into the river. _ these words,

47、 the tiger jumped into the river. 5. Little Tom cant finish the work without your help. Little Tom can finish the work _ your help. 1.至 5.题的答案均为 with 17否定句，否定句，either. neithernor He doesnt like mutton, and she doesnt like either. Neither he nor she likes mutton. 小结几个并列连词的用法 一、bothand双方都；又又；和（两者）都 1.

48、是对 and 意义的强化 He can speak English and French.他会说英语和法语。 He can speak both English and French.他既会说英语，又会说法语。 2.连接相同的句子成份 Both you and I were wrong.你和我都错了。 （连接主语） She can both sing and dance.她能歌能舞。 （连接谓语） I like both basketball and football.我既喜欢篮球又喜欢足球。 （连接宾语） This film is both exciting and instructive.

49、这部电影不但激动人心，而且具有教育意义。 （连接表语） 3.不能连接两个以上的并列成份，也不能连接分句 误：Both his mother, his father and his sister are having supper. 正：His mother, his father and his sister are having supper.他爸爸、妈妈和妹妹都在 吃晚饭。 误：Both Kate washed the dishes and Jim dried them. 正：Kate washed the dishes and Jim dried them.凯特洗了盘子，吉姆把盘子擦干。

50、 4.不能用于否定句，只能用于肯定句 误：He cant speak both Japanese and Italian. 正：He can speak neither Japanese nor Italian.他既不会说日语也不会说意大利语。 bothand的否定为 neithernor或 not eitheror 二、neithernor既不也不；既非又非 1.连接相同的句子成份 He can neither read nor write.他既不会读书又不会写字。 （连接谓语） I have neither time nor money.我既没有时间也没钱。 （连接宾语） The weat

51、her today is neither hot nor cold.今天天气不热不冷。 （连接表语） She came just at the right time, neither early nor late.她来得正是时候，不早不迟。 （连接状语） 2、连接两个并列的主语时，动词与靠近的主语一致 Neither he nor I am right.他不对，我也不对。 Neither this book nor that one is interesting.这本书没意思，那本书也没意思。 三、eitheror不是就是；要么要么；或者或者 1.连接相同的句子成份，也可连接分句 You ma

52、y either stand up or sit down.你或者站起来，或者坐下。 （连接谓语） -Do you speak either German or Russian? -Im sorry I dont speak either. -你说德语还是俄语？ -抱歉得很，这两种语言都不会说。 （连接宾语） The young woman is either a doctor or a nurse. 那位年轻的女子不是医生就是护士。 （连接 表语） Come either today or tomorrow.今天或明天来吧。 （连接状语） Mum asked him either to st

53、ay at home or to go out for a walk.妈妈叫他要么呆在家里， 要么出去散散步。 （连接宾语补足语） Either you leave the house or Ill call the police.要么你离开这屋子，要么我就要报 警了。 （连接句子） 2.连接主语时，动词与靠近的主语一致 Either you or he is wrong. Either he or you are wrong.不是你/他就是他/你错了。 3.在否定句中相当于neithernor He cant speak either Japanese or Italian.他既不会说日语，

54、也不会说意大利语。 简而言之，既 A 亦 B 的肯定以 both A and B表示，A 或 B 两者选择其一，以 either A or B表 示，非 A 非 B 的否定，则以 neither A nor B 表示。 包含有一个或几个以上从句的句子叫做复合句，在初二阶段重点掌握宾语从句和状语从句。 简单句与复合句 1疑问词+to do 主句+宾语从句 I dont know what to do. I dont know what I should do. 2 hope/ decide to do hope/ decide 宾语从句 She decided to go there. She

55、decided that she would go there. 3简单句，简单句 主句+宾语从句 He cant come, I think. I dont think he can come. What are they talking about? Do you know? Do you know what they are talking about? 4 find+宾语+宾补 find+宾语从句 We found that he was a clever boy. We found him very clever. He found it difficult to get to sl

56、eep. He found it was difficult to get to sleep. 5 tooto sothat The box is too heavy for him to carry. The box is so heavy that he cant carry it. 6 enough to do sothatsuchthat The book is easy enough for a child to read. The book is so easy that a child can read it. Its such an easy book that a child

57、 can read it. sothat, tooto 与 enough to 三者的转换关系可归纳为下图： sothat 反义形容词 tooto enough to 7 be born in the same year be as old as Bob and Paul were born in the same year. Bob is as old as Paul. 8 what “所的（事） ”连接代词，引导名词从句名词 Dont forget what I said. Dont forget my words. I dont know what he meant. I dont know his meaning. 9直接引语间接引语 He asked, “What are you doing? ” He asked what I was doing. Mrs. Smith said to her daughter, “Dont read in the sun.” Mrs. Smith told her daughter not to read in the sun.” 10最高级比较级 than Is December 2