非谓语作定语状语.ppt

1、非谓语动词做定语,什么是定语,A nice man A man on a bus A man to do/doing/done A man who,to do doing done,The problem to be discussed is very important The problem discussed is very important The problem being discussed is very important,Tom went to a meeting to be held tonight. He was looking for the building bei

2、ng built. Tom was looking for a building built in 1500.,判断,Those having finished their homework can go home now. Those who have finished their homework can go home now.,The trees _in the storm have been moved off the road.(08湖南） A. being blown down B blown down C. blowing down D. having been blown d

3、own,特例1：,I have a phone call to make He has too many things to do I have some questions to ask. The Browns have a comfortable house to live,He asked for a piece of paper _ and a pen _. A.to write ;to write B. to write ;to write on C. to write on ;to write with D. writing ;writing,If theres a lot of

4、work_. Im happy to just keep on until it is finished. （2008） A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. to be done,情况2,It is a nice book to read There is nothing to worry about,The concert given by Lady Gaga was a great success. The book written by Thomas Mann is now quite famous in China.,The problem to be

5、 discussed is very important The problem discussed is very important The problem being discussed is very important,情况3 +只接to do,1)名词前有序数词、最高级所修饰 This is the first building to be designed by him. He is the oldest athlete ever to win an Olympic gold medal. 2) to do型动词转化的名词 I dont trust his promise to

6、come for a visit They have a plan to turn the factory into a park I dont have the ability to learn languages,34. The government plans to bring in new laws _ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children. (09江西） A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. having forced,7. There

7、is a great deal of evidence that music activities engage different parts of the brain.（09浙江） A. indicate B. indicating C. to indicate D. to be indicating,We are invited to a party _ in our club next Friday. (山东） A. to be held B. held C. being held D. holding,-The last one _pays the meal. -Agreed! (0

8、7全国一) A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving,Now that weve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions _? (全国1,35） A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take,The town hall _ in the 1800s was the most distinguished building at that time. (07上海） A. to be completed B. having been comp

9、leted C. completed D. being completed,Dont use words, expressions, or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge.（2002上海） A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known,Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices. （2002北京春） A. are bought B. bought C.

10、been bought D. buying,to sum up:,非谓语作状语,1.与谓语先后关系 2.与主语主被动关系 3.状语的位置,状语长什么样和位置,分词：ing/done,主+谓 （，） _ _ , 主+谓 主, _ , +谓,to do,主+谓+_ （重点记忆） _, 主+谓,了解位置即可解题：,Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _ a record US $57.65 a barrel on April 4. （2005山东） A. have reached B. reaching C

11、. to reach D. to be reaching,I ran out of the house shout. I ran out of the house shout. shout, I ran out of the house. shout, I ran out of the house. Shout at by his mother, I ran out.,Ive just seen Carol: She is in the bar having a drink. Dont just stand there doing nothing.,to do作状语=in order to/s

12、o as to,We left my house in order not to wake our son. 2) We wrote her name on the calendar so as not to forget her birthday. 3) He bought a truck in order to carry out his business.,only to do结果却（不快）,They stood up only to drop it on their own feet.,（2）结果状语,He hurried to the station only _ that the

13、train had left. （2005广东） A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found,_in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.（2000上海） A. Being founded B. Having been founded C. Founded D. Founding,_ for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he was wrong. A. To be questio

14、ned B. Questioned C. Having been questioned D. To have been questioned,I long to dance The person smoking is my father,I long for him to dance,谁是主语,John hurt himself playing tennis. Having found a hotel, we began to look for somewhere to eat. Taking out of the key, I opened the door. John went to Am

15、erica to look after his mother.(见in order to),John hurt himself playing tennis Playing tennis, John hurt himself I went to America to study English To study English, I went to America Seen under a,Jim hurt his arm when he was playing tennis. When he was playing tennis, Jim was playing tennis,改一改：,Di

16、d you cut yourself shaving? Be careful crossing the road. I was reading a book while my mother was washing,To be brief To make a long story short To be frank To be sure To begin/start with To make matters worse To speak the truth To tell you the truth To sum up Not to mention,简言之 长话短说 老实说 当然 首先 更糟的是

17、 实话讲 总之 更不用提,_ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm.（2001北京春） A To sleep B Sleeping C Sleep D Having slept,In or order to make our city green, _（02上海春） A. it is necessary to have planted more trees. B. many more trees need to plant C. our city needs more trees D. we must plant more trees,Al

18、l these gifts must be mailed immediately _ in time for Christmas. （2005辽宁） A. in order to have received B. in order to receive C. so as to be received D. so as to be receiving,Feeling the car stolen, _. （2001上海） A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked fo

19、r everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help,_in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. （2004北京） A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited,_from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not

20、 found in any other country in the world. （2005湖北） A. Being separated B. Having separated C. Having been separated D. To be separated,“Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice. A angrily pointing B and point angrily C angrily pointed D and angrily pointing,He sent me an e-mail, _ to get further inf

21、ormation.（2000上海） A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope,The storm left, _ a lot of damage to this area. （2005全国） A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused,_in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.（2000上海） A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Found

22、ed D. Founding,_ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. （2005江苏） A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing,主语一致,I hurt myself while I was playing tennis I went to America in order that I could study English. I looked for somewhere to eat after I ha

23、d found a hotel. Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful.,主语不一致：独立成分,I hurt myself when my mother was playing PSP I went to America in order that my mother will be looked after I looked for somewhere to eat after my mother had found a hotel.,The storm left, having caused a lot o

24、f damage to this area. （2005年） The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent having been launched at the end of last March. （2007山东）,Louise living in Spain, we dont see her often Sunshine streaming through the window, I found it impossible to sleep.,你会改么？,She was startin

25、g to get excited because the holidays were approaching. We couldnt get into the shop as so many people were crowding around the entrance. Since the meeting has taken place, I have no time to phone you now. They couldnt sell their house for the prices were falling We went to visit Sue, seeing that we

26、 were driving past her house.,because,as/seeing that Since For /in that （正式） We must begin planning now, for the future may bring unexpected changes She remained silent, for her heart was heavy and her spirits low. The film is unusual in that there are only 4 actors in it. With+非谓语,Because of,As a r

27、esult of For Due to/owing to （正式） He was unable to run because of a leg injury. We ere delayed because of the accident,Im feeling all the better for my holiday. “How are you?” “Fine, and all the better for seeing you!”She did fifteen years in prison for murder.I dont eat meat for various reasons.I c

28、ouldnt see for the tears in my eyes.Hes widely disliked in the company for his arrogance（无知）.She couldnt talk for coughing Scotland is famous for its spectacular countryside.Hes best remembered for his novels.I didnt dare say anything for fear of offending him.,because; because of,The concert was ca

29、nceled _ the rain _ a lack of funds, the project will not continue next year _ it was getting late, I decided to find a hotel. This research is important _it confirms the link between aggression and alcohol. Clara and I have quite an easy life, _ nether of us has to work too hard but we earn quite a

30、 lot of money.,With结构,He slept well _all the windows open.（1982） A when B while C with D because,I couldnt do my homework with all that noise _.（2005北京） A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on,With a lot of difficult problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.（2002上海春） A. se

31、ttled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled,历年真题回顾,2. Tom kept quiet about the accident_lose his job. （1990） A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to,6. The murderer was brought in, with his hands_behind his back.（1991）A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied,8.

32、The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for the president.（1991） A to prepare B preparing C prepared D was preparing,16. _a reply, he decided to write again.（1992） A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received,24. The visiting Minister expressed hi

33、s satisfaction with the talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here.（1994） A having added B to add C adding D added,30. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.（1996） A Losing B Having lost C Lost D To lose,34. The European football is played in 80 countries,_ it the most popular spo

34、rt in the world.（1998） A making B makes C made D to make,特别篇：,22. Rather than_on a crowded bus, he always prefers _ a bicycle.（1994）A. ride; ride B. riding; ride C. ride; to ride D. to ride; riding,35. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in.（1999） A to have studied B to

35、study C to be studying D to have been studying,39. _ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation .（2000春） A Given B To give C Giving D Having given,44. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.（2001） A Having suffered B S

36、uffering C To suffer D Suffered,53. _ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks.（2004广东） A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed,56. Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music.（2004广西） A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear

37、 C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard,58. You were silly not _ you car.（2004湖南） A. to lock B. to have locked C. locking D. having locked,60. by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm .（2004辽宁） A. Attracting B. Attracted C. To be attracted

38、 D. Having attracted,62. “We cant go out in this weather,” said Bob,_ out of the window.（2004全国）A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked,63. Alice returned from the managers office, _ me that the boss wanted to see me at once.（2004全国） A. having told B. tells C. to tellD. telling,65. _in the

39、queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. （2004北京） A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited,66. _two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend. （2004北京） A. With B. Besides C. As for D. Because of,72. Oil prices have ris

40、en by 32 percent since the start of the year, _ a record US $57.65 a barrel on April 4. （2005山东） A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching,73. He glanced over at her, _ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. （2005广东） A. noting B. noted C. to note D. having noted

41、,76. _from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. （2005湖北） A. Being separated B. Having separated C. Having been separated D. To be separated,77. _in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. （2005湖南）

42、 A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed,80. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. （2005江苏） A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing,84. All these gifts must be mailed immediately _ in time for Christmas. （2005辽宁） A. in order to ha

43、ve received B. in order to receive C. so as to be received D. so as to be receiving,85. “You cant catch me!” Janet shouted, _ away. （2005全国） A. run B. running C. to run D. ran,86. The storm left, _ a lot of damage to this area. （2005全国） A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused,87. _

44、more about university courses, call (920) 746-3789. （2005浙江） A. To find out B. Finding out C. Find out D. Having found out,88. Daddy didnt mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, _fun. （2005重庆） A. had B. have C. to have D. having,95. My cousin came to see me from the country, _ me a fu

45、ll basket of fresh fruits.（2006安徽）A. broughtB. bringing C. to bring D. had brought,98. _for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.（2006福建）A. BlamingB. Blamed C. To blame D. To be blamed,99. No matter how frequently , the works of Beethoven still attract people all ov

46、er the world.（2006广东） A. performed B. performing C. to be performed D. being performed,100. this cake, youll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour.（2006广东） A. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making,129. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _, and asked myself what I was going to

47、 do. （2007湖南） A. moved B moving C. to move D. being moved,134. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there _ for a space flight.（2007江西） A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained,140. _ that she didnt do a good job, I dont think I am abler than her.（2007陕西） A. To h

48、ave saidB. Having said C. To say D. Saying,The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, _ in the natural light during the day.（2007天津） A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let,143. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _.（2007浙江） A. to be h

49、eard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard,144. _ by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.（2007浙江） A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven,149. _ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if shed like that little doll on her bed.（2008北京） A. Seeing B

50、. To see C. See D. Seen,150. -Did the book give the information you needed? -Yes. But _ it, I had to read the entire book. （2008北京） A. to find B. find C. to finding D. finding,153. _ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.（2008安徽） A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. H

51、aving walked,154. _in the queen for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. （2008福建） A. Waiting B. To wait C. Having waited D. To have waited,157. _ the project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day. （2008湖南） A. Completing B. Complete C. Completed

52、D. To complete,166. _ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. （2008陕西） A. Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shownD. To show,167. We had an anxious couple of weeks _ for the results of the experiment.（2008四川） A. wait B. to be waiting C. wai

53、ted D. waiting,168. _ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.（2008天津） A. To throw B. Thrown C. Throwing D. Being thrown,169. _that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.（2008浙江） A. Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. N

54、ot to have realized,171. _ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.（2008重庆） A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed,特别篇,74. He hurried to the station only _ that the train had left. （2005广东） A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found,162. He was busy writing a story, only _ once in a while to smoke a cigarette.（2008辽宁） A. to sto