SectionB3a-3b

1、中考语法：定语从句复习课,黑龙江省鸡西市麻山英林学校 郑凤云,Grammar: the revision of the Attributive Clause,本课学习目标,1.了解定语从句含义、位置、结构。 2.能辨认出由that, which, who, whom, whose,when,where,why引导的定语从句，理解句子意思并学会运用。（中考考点） 3. 能用定语从句句子描述身边的人或物。,要点预习检测:,在复合句中，修饰某一_或_的从句叫定语从句。定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词，起“定语”的作用。被修饰说明的名词、代词叫做_。定语从句位于先行词_, 由“关系词”引导。,名词,代词

2、,先行词,后面,It is a book. 2. The book can tell the meanings of words. 3. It is a book which can tell the meanings of words.,.,She was the first woman. The woman won the Nobel Prize. 3. She was the first woman that won the Nobel Prize.,1.He is an actor. 2.The actors father is a very famous action movie s

3、tar. 3. He is an actor whose father is a very famous action movie star.,The man _ is Liuxiang.,who ran (the) fastest,定语从句三要素:,先行词,关系词, 从句,先行词,关系词,从句,This is the very book that interests me most.,先行词,关系词,从 句,关系代词的三大作用,1. 连接（主句和定语从句） 2. 替代（前面的先行词） 3. 成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的成分） He found the book that he wanted

4、. This is the car which he bought last year.,哪句是定语从句？ I believe that you are right. ( ) The building that stands by the river is our school.（ ） Thank you for all the things that you have done for me.（ ） He has the only dream that is to be a teacher.（ ） He said that the news was real.（ ）,Description,

5、He is a Chinese. He plays an important part in NBA. He was born in Shanghai. Shanghai is an international city. He is a good man. People all like him. People are proud of him. He is a famous basketball player. His wife is Ye Li. He loves basketball. He plays basketball very well.,He is a Chinese. He

6、 plays an important part in NBA.,He is a Chinese who/ that plays an important part in NBA.,变为定语从句,He was born in Shanghai. Shanghai is an international city.,He was born in Shanghai which / that is an international city.,summary,主语,人,物,who/that,which/that,They are the students who praised by the tea

7、cher yesterday. Tom is the only boy who praised by the teacher yesterday.,关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和 数必须与先行词保持一致。,were,was,He is a good man. People all like him. People are proud of him.,He is a good man whom/ that /who people are proud of.,He is a good man whom / that /who people all like.,He loves b

8、asketball. He plays basketball very well.,He loves basketball which/that he plays very well.,summary,宾语,人,物,whom/that/ who/省略,which/that/ 省略,He is a famous basketball player. His wife is Ye Li.,He is a famous basketball player whose wife is Ye Li.,The room is mine. The rooms window faces south,The r

9、oom whose window faces south is mine.,summary,定语,人,物,whose,whose,关系代词的用法,关系代词在从句中可以：,whom,who,which,that,whose,何时可以省略？,做宾语时可以省略,在下列定语从句中关系代词只能用that,1. 当先行词为everything, nothing, something, anything, little, few, much, the one 等不定代词时。如： This book contains much / little that is useful. 这本书中有很多 / 没有多少有用

10、的东西。 I mean the one that was bought yesterday. 我指的是昨天买的那个。,2.当先行词被all, each, few, much, every, no, some, any 等不定代词修饰时。如： I have read all the book that you gave me. 我把你给我的书都看了。 There are some jobs that men cant do very well. 有些工作男人无法做好。,3. 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。如： This is the first film that I have seen sin

11、ce I came here. 这是我到这里以来所看的第一部电影。 This is the biggest apple that I have ever eaten. 这是我所吃过的苹果中最大的一个。,4. 先行词既指人又指物时。如： We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited. 我们访问过的老师和参观过的学校给我们留下了深刻的印象。,5. 先行词被the only, the very, the last等修饰时。如： Mary is the only friend that I have i

12、n Australia. 玛丽是我在澳大利亚唯一的朋友。 She is the very thief that the policeman is looking for. 她就是警察正在寻找的那个小偷。,只用which，不用that,有机器的房间是车间。,The room _ there is a machine is a workshop.,in which,一、非限制性定语从句,二、用在介词后,I have lost the pen, _ I like very much.,which,* 当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用whom(指人)或which(指物)，且关系代词不能省略。,

13、The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbor. I cant find the pen with which I was writing .,* 当介词位于定语从句末尾时，不是只能用只能用whom(指人)或which(指物)，而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以省略。,(whom/who/that/省略),(which/that/省略),Dad is a person_ I can easily talk to.,Is this the play _ you were talking about just now?,*在一些固定搭配的动词短语

14、中，由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。如：,This is the watch (that/ which/省略) I am looking for. The babies (who/ whom/ that/省略) the nurse is looking after are very healthy.,*先行词是the way，意为“方式，方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词用that/ in which或省略。,I didnt like the way _ she talked to me.,（that/in which/省略）,（,先行词是the reason，引导定语从句

15、的关系词用why,I dont know the reason _ you are late.,why,关系副词,关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样,在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。,where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点. when: 在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。,1.The hotel wasnt clean. 2. We stayed in the hotel.,The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean. The hotel in which we stayed wasnt clean.,1.Ill never forget the d

16、ay. 2. I joined the Party on that day *Ill never forget the day when I joined the Party. *Ill never forget the day on which I joined the Party .,The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate. I hate people _ talk much but do little. The woman _ she talks with is her teacher. 4.The e-mail _ I receiv

17、ed yesterday was from my sister. 5.Whats your reason _you stole my pen?,who / that,who / that,which/ that/省略,练练身手吧！,that/who/whom/省略,why,6. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather. 7. The room _ we lived is clean. 8. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years. 9.The man to _ I spoke is a f

18、amous scientist. 10.I can remember the days _we played happily,whose,where / in which,which,whom,注意: 1.关系代词做主语_省略，做宾语一般 _省略. 2.关系代词前有介词时，关系代词做宾语_省略， 且只能用_ 不能用_。,不能,可以,不能,that/who,which/whom,when/ on which,Play a guessing game.,This is my favorite friend /teacher that /who has a long nose.,I have a f

19、riend whose hair is short.,用定语从句句子描述你最喜欢的一种动物， 或我们班你的一位好朋友或你最喜欢的一位老师， 让其他同学猜。 which/that/who/whom/whose,Act an short play.,Make up your own short play with your parters by using the attributive clause and show us. 用定语从句句子和你伙伴一起编排小短剧， 表演给我们大家看,God helps those who help themselves. He who laughs last l

20、aughs best. Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.,自助者天助。,谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。,世上无难事，只怕有心人。,Guess the meaning of the following proverbs 猜出下面谚语,Homework,复习本课笔记，掌握定语从句 的基本知识。,2.Write a short composition “My favorite teacher” by using the attributive clause.,Thank you!,* He who does

21、nt reach the Great Wall is not a true man .,不到长城非好汉.,知足者常乐.,*He who is content (满足) is always happy.,The scientist who we met yesterday is very famous whom in the world. that ,(2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.,The dress which she is wearing is new. that ,(1) The scientist is very famous in th

22、e world. We met her yesterday.,练习：1. 用定语从句合并句子,(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him.,(4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.,He is the kind person who I have ever worked with. whom that ,This is the best film that I have ever seen. ,从括号中选择正确的关系代词完成句子,1.The season _ f

23、ollows spring is summer. (that / who / 不填) 2. This is the museum we visited last Saturday. (that / whom / 不填) 3. The boy John is speaking with is my brother. (which / whom/ 不填) 4. The building _ walls are white is my uncles house. (which / whose / 不填),练习巩固,that,that / 不填,whom/ 不填,whose,5. Will you p

24、lease lend me the book _ you bought yesterday? (which / that / whose) 6. The girl _ leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to hospital. (who / whom / whose) 7. The student _ the teacher praise at the class meeting is our monitor. (which / whom / whose) 8. I found some photos of tourist sites _ w

25、ere not far away from our city. (which / that /不填 ),which / that,whose,whom,which / that,四. 介词+which/ whom引导的定语从句,1. 介词的选用原则：,根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。 This is the book on which I spent 8 dollars. This is the book for which I paid 8 dollars.,(2) 根据先行词的习惯搭配来决定。,I remember the day on which I joined the Part

26、y. I remember the days during which I lived there.,1.Her bag ,in which she put all her money, has been stolen. 2.This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars. 3.Xiao Wang ,with whom I went to the concert, enjoyed himself very much.,2、在介词后面，指事物用 which，指人用whom.,whose的先行词指物时，可用of which代替，但语序不同，即who

27、se+名词 = the+名词+of which，或= of which + the + 名词。如： The novel whose title (= the title of which或of which the title) is Red and Black is very interesting., whose引导的定语从句，其先行词既可以指人也可以指物。,whose的先行词指人时，可用of whom代替，但语序不同，即whose+名词 = the+名词+of whom，或= of whom + the + 名词。如： The boy whose mother (= the mother

28、of whom或of whom the mother) is a doctor is my friend.,1、在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom.,He made the same mistakes again ,_ made his parents very angry. Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 yuan . Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again. My uncle has come back f

29、rom abroad,_ I havent met for a long time.,which,which,who,whom,Fill in the blanks,有哪些情况关系代词不用that，而用which，who，whom?,(3) whose引导的定语从句注意点,whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。 whose与它所修饰的名词一起可以作介词的宾语。如： The boss in whose department he worked had heard the news.他工作所在部门的老板已经听说了这个消息。,基础练习,1. Is that the house _ y

30、ou bought last year? A. where B. which 2. Is that the picture _ you are laughing at? A. which B.where 3. It is the most interesting book _Ill ever read. A. which B. that,B,B,A,4.The street _is to the park is very narrow. A. where B. which 5.The person _finds my watch will get a reward. A. who B. whe

31、n 6.This is the room _ we listened to the lecture. A. which B. where,B,A,B,7.The boy _mother is ill can not come to the party. A. who B. whose 8.Tell me the reason _ you are late. A. which B. why,B,B,注意:,1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）,The man who I talked with is our teacher.,A person who steals things is

32、 called a thief.,2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省),The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.,The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.,3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省 略, 如介词提前则不能省),These are the trees which were planted last year.,This recorder （which） he is using is made in Japan.,Is this the library (wh

33、ich) you borrow books from?,Is this the library from which you borrow books?,9.He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school. A.which B.that C.it D.whom 10. This is the house in_ Lu Xun used to live . A that B where C whose D which,The basketball _ I bought cost me

34、80 yuan. (2013年桂林） A. that B. where C. who D. when 2. My grandparents like to live in a house _ is not very big but bright and comfortable.(2014南宁) A. that B. who C. what D. whose 3.Who is the man _ is reading a book over there? (2015年杭州) A. who B. which C. that D. whose 4.I love people _ are friend

35、ly to others.(2010) A. which B. whose C. what D. who,中考链接 选关系代词,5. The policeman caught the thief _ has stolen Mr Lis computer. (2015年百色) A. which B. whose C. whom D. who 6.This is my beautiful school_ is near the famous library. (2014年玉林) A. where B. which C. who D. when 7.Is there anything_I can d

36、o for you? A.what B. that C. which D. where 8. A child _parents are dead is called an orphan. A. whose B. who C. whom D. that 7.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall. A.which B.that C.where D.it,1.他是个男孩。 He is a boy. 2.他喜欢打篮球。 He likes playing basketball. 3.他是个喜欢打篮球的男孩。 He is a boy_ likes pl

37、aying basketball.,that,1.她是个学生。 She is a student. 2.她学习勤奋。 She studies hard. 3.她是个学习勤奋的学生。 She is a student_ studies hard.,that,1.她是个老师。 She is a teacher. 2.我喜欢她。 I like her. 3.她是个我喜欢的老师。 She is a teacher _I like.,that,The boy who is reading needs the pen.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,先行词：被修饰限定的词,关系词：引导定语从句的词,定语从句：

38、一个句子充当定语,定语：修饰名词或代词的单词或句子， 一般翻译成“.的”。 单词作定语： a blue sea a naughty boy (2) 句子作定语，一般后置： She is a student that studies hard,看图填句,a boy， has a scar， forehead,Harry Porter is a boy _ _.,who/that has a scar on his forehead,xinji is a city _ _.,Xinji,a city,develop fast,which /that develops fast,1.He did a

39、ll / everything _he could to help me. 2.This is the very thing _ I am after. 3.We talked about the men and the things _ we remembered at school. 4.He is the only man _ can do the work. 5.This is the first thing _ I want to say. 6.He is the finest man _ I have ever worked with. 7.Who is the man _ spo

40、ke to you at the gate. 8.Which is the star _ is nearest to the earth.,that , which or who?,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that , which ,whose, whom or who?,9.Is there anything else _ you want to say? 10.Any person _ has the money can join the group. 11.He often speaks the role he played in

41、the play, _ made others upset. 12.He opened the door, in front of _ sat a boy. 13.The man to _ I spoke is a famous scientist. 14.The boy _ mother is dead was brought up by his father.,that,that,which,which,whom,whose,1.She is the teacher that I met yesterday. 2. This is a school that we will visit. 3. The old woman is looking after the