全国基础外语教育研究培训中心.ppt

1、,全国基础外语教育研究培训中心,语音素质提升,中元音 / / / / /,= 英音 /:/ 舌身平放，舌中部稍抬起。 美音中元音/ /和英语中元音/:/的发音相同。唯一不同的就是：美音/ /是个卷舌音，英音不卷舌。也就是说，在完成必要的发音准备动作之后还要增加一个卷舌的动作（将舌尖轻轻向上向后卷起，但不可接触或贴住口腔上部的任何部位，以免引起摩擦），发成一种非常近似北京话“花儿”中的“儿”音。这是具有美音特色的又一元音。学习美式发音必须掌握并发好这一元音。 3. 是字母组合ir, ur, or ,er 等在重读音节中的读 音，如： bird church work verb 英音读成：/b:d

2、/,/ 只出现在不含字母r 的非重读音节中 如，china banana open sentence about arrive / / 是由/ + 卷舌音“r” 所构成，其发音和/ /相似，两者的区别是：1. / / 用来标注重读音节中字母组合ir，ur，or，er 等的读音 2./ / 则只能用来标注上列字母组合在非重读音节中的读音， 如 Saturday yesterday teacher doctor,请记住下面提供的六种字母组合的共同读音 即中元音 ir girl sir first dirty ear earn learn pearl earnest er serve nerve r

3、eserve certain or work word worse worm ur fur turn purse return our journey courage,Bird teacher Shirt doctor Worm worker Skirt driver Question and answer Whats this ？ - Its a bird/ Whats your/his/her job? - Im a teacher/,Word,Dialog,A: Somethings burning ? B: Oh, my muffins!(松饼) A: Mm, I love burnt

4、 muffins. B: Curse this oven! Curse it ! (可恨) A: But I prefer burnt muffins. B: Its the worst oven in the world. A: Wonderful! A perfect muffin! B: There are thirty of them. Oh, have another. Have them all，if you like.,along the river among the workers a drop of water an hour and a half for a moment

5、 across the world about the journey a bird and a worm First come, first served. The early bird catches the worm. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. (双鸟在林，不如一鸟在手) Birds of a feather flock together.,Dialog,A: Were you ever hurt in an accident? B: yes, once. I hurt my head, and I got a burn o

6、n my leg. A: Were you taken to the emergency room? B: Well, a person helped me get there. Then the doctors and nurses were certainly concerned. So I survived. A: You were really lucky, werent you?,中元音：/ /,1.发/ / 时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿，整个舌身在口腔处于低平状态，仅舌中部稍稍抬起。 2. 美音/ / 的舌位比英音/ / 稍高，口形稍窄， 更靠近/音。因此，两者所使用的音标虽不同，但实

7、际发音并不相同。学习美音/ /时口不宜张得太开，太大，其开口度约和前元音/ 相似（英音/ /的开口度较大，其口形和前元音/相似。) *由于/ / 的实际音值更靠近/,因此在美国的一些语音教材中也有采用/或其他音标来代替/ / 的做法。,中元音：/ /,bus Truck Brush Dove Lucklock huthot Cup cop fundfond Duckdock rub rob Rub the cup a funny couple Cut the duck a sudden jump Come by bus just for fun A tough son blood for bl

8、ood (一个体格强壮的儿子) （以血还血）,Sentence & dialog,Thats not much of a cut.（只是小伤而已） Just cover it up. Shes a lovely young girl. I like the rough seas in summer.(波涛汹涌的海岸) A: Could you come for lunch? B: I wish I could come, but A: Ive cooked a duck. B: Duck! Wonderful! A: Yes, a wonderful lunch. It would be fu

9、n if you could come. B: Ok, Ill come. A: Good, come at once.,Practice the dialog,A: Come on, Tom! Hurry up! Lunch is ready. We want to start. B: Im coming A: What are you doing? B: Im in the bath. A: What a funny time for a bath. By the way, we have duck today. B: Did you say duck, Mum? A: Tom! Put

10、something on! You cant come to lunch in a towel.,双元音 /e/,/e/ = 英音 /ei/ 美语双元音/e/和英音/ei/一样，同样要注意从第一个元音/e/向第二个元音/i/滑动，并注意在滑动过程中所产生的口形和舌位的变化。切忌把美语双元音/e/单音化，和英语单元音/e/相混淆,Word,/e/ Ashtray Beefsteak Transistor radio Dinner table A birthday cake Washbasin,dialog,A: Were going to see a Shakespeares play toda

11、y. B: But what should I wear？ A: Your pale prey dress, Amy. Its my favorite. B: But I cant wear the same dress day after day, Raymond. And any way, the waists too big. A: Mrs. Taylors a good dressmaker. She can B: She can make me a new dress. A: Wait a minute, Amy! I didnt say a new,Contrast and Pra

12、ctice,/e/ / Age edge a radio on the table Mate met the same day Late let Raymonds favorite Pain pen Taylors late Wait wet a cake on the plate Waste west day after day wait for Kate,Sentence,Kate and Amy came today. Raymond is always late. No pains, no gains. A penny saved is a penny gained. (省一文得一文，

13、积少成多),Practice the dialog,A: Hey , Rachel. Did you take the test? B: No, I couldnt make it. A: Why ? B: I went to see a Broadway play. A: What a shame! When will you take the makeup test? B: May be in April or May,双元音 /o/,和/e/ 一样，/o/是美音中另一个含有双元音性质的特殊单元音。发音时由舌位比/ /稍高的圆唇后元音/o/向舌位更高一些的/U/ 滑动，结束时稍带/U/ 音

14、，但主要是/o/音的延长。 boat bowl tomatoes goat coat potatoes,Dialog,A: Joan, wheres the potatoes? B: Yes? What do you want? A: Potatoes. Where are the potatoes? B: Theyre in the bag under the table. A: Oh, the bag under the table Joan, wheres the tomatoes? B: The tomatoes? They are in the bowl in the cupboar

15、d. A: Oh, in the cupboard. Joan, wheres B: The meat? A: Yes B：I told you to buy it on your way home. A: Oh, I forget it . B: Well then, its at the grocery store. A: Ok, Ill go and get it. B: No, you wont . Its closed. The grocery store is closed.,Contrast and practice,no nor go home Bowlball hope so

16、 Coatcaught dont know low law so lonely Coalcall so old Boatbought go to the grocery store Oh, dont go home alone, Joan. A straw will show which way the wind blows.,Dialog,A: Im going to the post-office. Anything I can do for you, Rose? B: To the post-office? Can you get me some post cards? A: OK, H

17、ow many post cards do you want? B: Ten, please. By the way, Im going to the grocery store. Can I get you something? A: Yes. You might get me some potatoes and tomatoes. B: Thats easy. OK. Id better go now. The grocery store closes at five. A: The post-office also closes at 5. So why dont we go toget

18、her?,双元音/aI/,美语双元音/ aI /和英音双元音/ai/ (注意两者使用的第二个音标稍有不同，美音用/I/, 英音则用/i/)的发音基本相同，即由舌位低，口形大的前元音/a/向舌位高，口形小的/I/滑动，发音时舌尖都要抵住下齿。 *我国学生常易吧双元音/aI/发成单元音/或汉语普通话复合韵母ai（爱），须注意防止。,word,Five kites Three bikes Four knives Six ice-creams Seven meat pies Five typewriters Question and Answer? How many are there? There

19、are ,dialog,A: Are you seeing Mike tonight? B: Yes. He has a new motorcycle. A: Did Mike let you ride it? B: Yes. I tried it. And I like it. A: Werent you frightened? B: Sure. But I still liked it. B: Would you like to buy a motorcycle? A: No, I dont think so. I think Ill buy a bike. B: A bike? A: Y

20、es. Riding on Mikes motorcycle was nice, but Id rather have a bike. Its cheaper and safer.,Contrast and practice,Right rat like to eat rice Side sad Try the French fries Died dad fly in the sky Bike back high in the sky Height hat arrive at five Fight fat light the fire Mine man five white knives Li

21、ke lack,My kite is white, my kite is light . My kite is in the sky! Now low, now high, You see the kite, You see it , you and I . All day long the sun shines bright, The moon and the stars come out at night. From twilight(黄昏) time they line（点缀） the skies, And watch the world with quiet eyes.,双元音 /aU

22、/,美语双元音/aU/ 和英语双元音/au/(注意两者所使用的第二个音标略有不同)的发音十分相似， 即由舌位低，口形大的前元音/a/向舌位高，口形小的/U/滑动。发第一个音时舌尖要抵住下齿，发第二个音时舌尖后缩，不抵下齿。 我国学生发/aU/ 时常易和单音/ 或汉语普通话复韵母ao（奥）相混淆，用后者代替前者，须注意防止。,Word,Cow milking the cow Mouse killing the mouse House cleaning our house Towel washing my towel Accountant a brown tower Down town found

23、 a cow Bow down the scouts shouted Around the house around the fountain Down south(南下),Dialog,A: Here we are. This is Mr Browns house. B: Is Brown in? C: No, hes gone out. A: Is Howard out, too C: I think hes in. Howard! Howard! B: Ill shout a bit louder. Howard! (Suddenly Howards voice is heard. He

24、s singing.) A: yes. I can hear the sound. B: yes. He sings loudly. A: well, he sounds like hes shouting.,Open your mouth and round your lips. Round and round the house went the crowd Mr brown spends hour after hour among his flowers. March wind and April showers bring May flowers. Cow, cow Proud and

25、 brown. Come down to be milked For the hungry town,双元音/ I /,美音双元音/ I /和英语双元音/i/ 的发音基本相同，即由后、低元音/ / 向前、高元音/I/ 滑动，口形由开圆逐渐变为合扁 我国的学生容易把双元音/ I /中的第二个成分/I/念成/i/，把toy，oil念成/ ti/ 或/ il/,须注意防止。,word,A toy train A big oyster A gold coin A bottle of oil A school boy A boiled egg Question and answer What do you want? I want a ,dialog,A: What toy shall I