宾语从句-中考英语专题复习.ppt

1、宾 语 从 句 The Object Clause,一、教学任务 复习宾语从句 二、重点和难点 1、由不同引导词引导的宾语从句 2、宾语从句中时态的变化,I know him . 2. I know that he is Jackie Chan.,主语,谓语,宾语,（简单句）,主语,谓语,宾 语 从 句,连词,从句主语,从句谓语,主 句,（复合句）,从句表语,宾语从句的概念： 句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、 动名词或动词不定式充当，当一个句子充当宾语时,我们把这个句子叫做宾语从句。,句子结构： 主句 +连词（引导词）+ 宾语从句,不同引导词引导的宾语从句,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,由连接

2、代词 Who,whom,whose,which， what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when 引导的宾语从句,由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句,一、连词（引导词） 1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定 句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作 任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语 或非正式文体中常省略,Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. She says (that) she wont take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.

3、Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party. He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster.,在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句,Im sorry (that) I dont know . Were sure (that) our team will win . Im afraid (that) he wont pass the exam .,由从属连词that引导

4、的宾语从句,e.g. I hear (that) _. （一小时后他会回来） He said (that) _. （他非常想念我们） The teacher told us (that) _. （地球围着太阳转）,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,the earth moves around the sun,2. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what, who, whom, which, whose）或连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导，因为连接代词 或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具 有

5、一定的意义，所以不可以省略,Do you know what he said just now ? I dont remember when we arrived . I asked him where I could get so much money . Please tell me who (whom) we have to see . Do you know what time the plane leaves ?,带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句,Could you tell us how often you go abroad for a holiday ?,Could you

6、tell us how long the meeting will last ?,I dont know how far it is to the cinema .,Please tell us how many students there are in your school ?,Can you tell us how old his brother is ?,Please tell us how soon you will be ready .,Could you tell us how much it costs to fly to Hainan ?,1. He asked _. (谁

7、能回答这个问题） 2. Do you know_. （他们在等谁） 3. He asked _. （谁的书法是班上最好的） 4.Please tell me _. （我们什么时候开会） 5. Can you tell me _. （他在哪儿） 6. Could you tell me _. （我该怎么去车站） 7. Would you tell me _（为什么火车迟到了）,who could answer the question,whom they are waiting for,whose handwriting was the best in the class,when well h

8、ave a meeting,where he is,how I can get to the station,why the train is late,3. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），因为if/whether翻译成：“是否”，具有一定的意义，所以不能省略,Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag . Lets see if /whether we can find out some information about that city . She asked

9、me if /whether she could borrow these books .,中考链接一：考查引导宾语从句的连接词,( ) 1.Theres a red car parking in our neighborhood. Do you know _ it is? (2007重庆) A What B who C Whose D whom ( ) 2.Im wondering_ Liu Xiang will have time to _ the meeting. (2007江苏镇江） A whether,attend B that,attend C whether, appear D

10、that,appear ( ) 3.Can you tell me_it is from here to the Summer Palace?Let me see.Its about fifteen minutes ride.（2006宜昌） A how long B How soon C how far D how much,C,A,C,解题方法：先分析从句，看是否缺少成分，然后根据句子的意思和连接词在从句中的作用作出选择,二、语序 宾语从句的语序用陈述语序： 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分,无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的 顺序。 e.g

11、 Could you tell me how I can get to the Science Museum ? He asked him where he came from . Please tell me where I can buy the beautiful flower .,1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library .,2. What does he want

12、 to buy ? I dont know what he wants to buy . I dont know what does he want to buy .,3. Who are we going to meet ? Can you tell me who we are going to meet ? Can you tell me who are we going to meet ?,4. Does he know French ? We want to know if/whether he knows French . We want to know if/whether doe

13、s he know French.,5. Will they go to Canada in summer ? They re not sure if /whether they will go to Canada in summer . They re not sure if /whether will they go to Canada in summer .,1. Did the students have a picnic last Sunday ? Do you know ? 2. Mr. Smith have been in China for about three years

14、. Jim told Lin Tao .,Do you know if/whether the students had a picnic last Sunday ?,Jim told Lin Tao (that) Mr Smith had been in China for about three years .,3. Which book should I read first ? Please tell me . 4. Light travels faster than sound . Our teacher told us in yesterdays class .,Please te

15、ll me which book I should read first .,Our teacher told us (that) light travels faster than sound in yesterdays class .,三、时态 1. 如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时 ， 现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）,I know he lives here . I know he lived here ten years ago . I have heard that he will come

16、tomorrow .,2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）,I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother. He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow. He said that he had seen it .,3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理 时用一般现在时。,The teacher said that the sun trave

17、ls around the earth .,中考链接二：考查宾语从句的时态，语序 （ ）1.Where is Tom? Do you know? (2007济南） -I think he_ to the library. A has gone B goes C has been D went ( ) 2.Tom said he _ back in a week. （2007四川） A will come B would come C come ( ) 3.I dont know if it _ tomorrow.If it_,Ill stay at home. A Will rain,rain

18、s B rains ,will rain C will rain ,will rain D rains,rains,A,B,A,一律为陈述句语序,解题方法：,注意：当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变： Whats wrong? Whats the matter? Whats happening? What happeneed? eg:I dont know whats the matter. Can you tell me who is over there?,1could / would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。,注意事项

19、,Could you please tell me where we show our tickets ? Could you tell us which gate we have to go to ? Would you like to know when he will come back ?,2. 如果主句的谓语动词是ask时，连词不可能是that；如果主句的谓语动词是say时，连词用that,She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk . He said (that) he was going to take care of

20、 the child . He asks if I like playing the piano . You may ask the man over there how you can get to the bus station .,3. 如果从句中含有or或or not时，只能 用whether而不用if,Could you tell me whether thats a fast train or not ? Do you know whether he is right or not ? I dont care whether hell stay here or not .,4. 连

21、词+宾语从句 连词+to do,I dont know what I shall do next . I dont know what to do next . She didnt decide which one she would choose . She didnt decide which one to choose . Please tell me whom youll give the letter to . Please tell me whom to give the letter to .,5 . 宾语从句的否定形式 一般而言，宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的否定式是一样的。但若

22、主句谓语动词是 think , expect , believe , guess , imagine , suppose 等表示“认为，猜想”的词时，一般要把宾语从句中的否定式转移到主句中。 e.g I dont think its going to rain . I dont believe she will lend you the money .,1.The young man asked _ its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether 2.We dont know _ they did it . A. ho

23、w B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time 4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that,D,A,B,C,5. I wonder _ he is crying now . A. that B. why C. how D. when 6. Hav

24、e you found out _ we can do on Hainan Island ? A. what B. how C. if D. whether 7. Lily said _ she had finished her composition . A. if B. that C. when D. where 8. I dont know _ he still lives here . A. where B. what C. when D. whether,B,A,B,D,1. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station

25、B. where is the station C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station 2. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like 3. My sister told him _ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did you live

26、,C,B,D,4. Could you tell me where we _ next week . A. would go B. to go C. had to go D. will go 5. Could you tell me how much _to fly to Hainan ? A.do it cost B.does it cost C.it cost D.it costs 6. The small children dont know _. A.what is their stockings in B.what is in their stockings C.where is t

27、heir stockings in D.what in their stockings,D,B,D,7. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 8. Could you tell me how long _ ? A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. have you been away from China D. have you been a member of Greener China 9. He says that if it _ tomorrow , he _ fishing . A. will rain , wont go B. rained , wasnt go C. rains , wont go D. rain , will go,B,C,D,1. Could you tell me if they _ (work) in the factory