新标准大学英语三unit1.ppt

1、Text,Catching Crabs 1 In the fall of our final year, our mood changed. The relaxed atmosphere of the preceding summer semester, the impromptu ball games, the boating on the Charles River, the late-night parties had disappeared, and we all started to get our heads down, studying late, and attendance

2、at classes rose steeply again. We all sensed we were coming to the end of our stay here, that we would never get a chance like this again, and we became determined not to waste it.,Text,Most important of course were the final exams in April and May in the following year. No one wanted the humiliatio

3、n of finishing last in class, so the peer group pressure to work hard was strong. Libraries which were once empty after five oclock in the afternoon were standing room only until the early hours of the morning, and guys wore the bags under their eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride, like med

4、als proving their diligence.,Text,2 But there was something else. At the back of everyones mind was what we would do next, when we left university in a few months time. It wasnt always the high flyers with the top grades who knew what they were going to do. Quite often it was the quieter, less impre

5、ssive students who had the next stages of their life mapped out. One had landed a job in his brothers advertising firm in Madison Avenue, another had got a script under provisional acceptance in Hollywood.,Text,The most ambitious student among us was going to work as a party activist at a local leve

6、l. We all saw him ending up in the Senate or in Congress one day. But most people were either looking to continue their studies, or to make a living with a white-collar job in a bank, local government, or anything which would pay them enough to have a comfortable time in their early twenties, and th

7、en settle down with a family, a mortgage and some hope of promotion.,Text,3 I went home at Thanksgiving, and inevitably, my brothers and sisters kept asking me what I was planning to do. I didnt know what to say. Actually, I did know what to say, but I thought theyd probably criticize me, so I told

8、them what everyone else was thinking of doing.,Text,4 My father was watching me but saying nothing. Late in the evening, he invited me to his study. We sat down and he poured us a drink. 5 So? he said. 6 Er so what? 7 So what do you really want to do? he asked.,Text,8 My father was a lawyer, and I h

9、ad always assumed he wanted me to go to law school, and follow his path through life. So I hesitated. 9 Then I replied, “I want to travel, and I want to be a writer.” 10 This was not the answer I thought he would expect. Travel? Where? A writer? About what? I braced myself for some resistance to the

10、 idea.,Text,11 There was a long silence. 12 Interesting idea, he said finally. 13 There was another long silence. 14 I kind of wish Id done that when I was your age. 15 I waited. 16 You have plenty of time. You dont need to go into a career which pays well just at the moment. You need to find out wh

11、at you really enjoy now, because if you dont, you wont be successful later.,Text,17 So how do I do this?“ 18 He thought for a moment. Then he said, Look, its late. Lets take the boat out tomorrow morning, just you and me. Maybe we can catch some crabs for dinner, and we can talk more.,Text,19 It was

12、 a small motor boat, moored ten minutes away, and my father had owned it for years. Early next morning we set off along the estuary. We didnt talk much, but enjoyed the sound of the seagulls and the sight of the estuary coastline and the sea beyond. 20 There was no surf on the coastal waters at that

13、 time of day, so it was a smooth half-hour ride until my father switched off the motor. Lets see if we get lucky, he said, picked up a rusty, mesh basket with a rope attached and threw it into the sea.,Text,21 We waited a while, then my father stood up and said, Give me a hand with this, and we haul

14、ed up the crab cage onto the deck. 22 Crabs fascinated me. They were so easy to catch. It wasnt just that they crawled into such an obvious trap, through a small hole in the lid of the basket, but it seemed as if they couldnt be bothered to crawl out again even when you took the lid off. They just s

15、at there, waving their claws at you.,Text,23 The cage was brimming with dozens of soft shell crabs, piled high on top of each other. Why dont they try to escape? I wondered aloud to my father. 24 Just watch them for a moment. Look at that one, there! Hes trying to climb out, but every time the other

16、 crabs pull him back in, said my father.,Text,25 And we watched. The crab climbed up the mesh towards the lid, and sure enough, just as it reached the top, one of its fellow crabs reached out, clamped its claw onto any available leg, and pulled it back. Several times the crab tried to defy his fello

17、w captives, without luck. 26 Now watch! said my father. Hes starting to get bored with this game.,Text,27 Not only did the crab give up its lengthy struggle to escape, but it actually began to help stop other crabs trying to escape. Hed finally chosen an easy way of life. 28 Suddenly I understood wh

18、y my father had suggested catching crabs that morning. He looked at me. Dont get pulled back by the others, he said. Spend some time figuring out who you are and what you want in life.,Text,Look back at the classes youre taking, and think about which ones were most productive for you personally. The

19、n think about whats really important to you, what really interests you, what skills you have. Try to figure out where you want to live, where you want to go, what you want to earn, how you want to work. And if you cant answer these questions now, then take some time to find out. Because if you dont,

20、 youll never be happy.,Text,29 He paused. 30 So you want to travel? he asked. 31 Yes, I replied. 32 Better get you a passport. And you want to be a writer? 33 I think so. 34 Interesting choice. Weve never had a writer in the family, he said. 35 My father started the motor and we set off back home.,T

21、ext,抓 螃 蟹 1 大学最后一年的秋天，我们的心情变了。刚刚过去的夏季学期的轻松氛围、即兴球赛、查尔斯河上的泛舟以及深夜晚会都不见了踪影，我们开始埋头学习，苦读到深夜，课堂出勤率再次急剧上升。我们都觉得在校时间不多了，以后再也不会有这样的学习机会了，所以都下定决心不再虚度光阴。,Text,当然，下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。以前每天下午五点以后，图书馆就空无一人了，现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座，小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼袋，他们脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪，却很自豪，好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。,Text,2 还有别的事

22、情让大家心情焦虑。每个人都在心里盘算着过几个月毕业离校之后该找份什么样的工作。并不总是那些心怀抱负、成绩拔尖的高材生才清楚自己将来要做什么，常常是那些平日里默默无闻的同学早早为自己下几个阶段的人生做好了规划。有位同学在位于麦迪逊大道他哥哥的广告公司得到了一份工作，另一位同学写的电影脚本已经与好莱坞草签了合约。,Text,我们当中野心最大的一位同学准备到地方上当一个政党活动家，我们都预料他最终会当上参议员或国会议员。但大多数同学不是准备继续深造，就是想在银行、地方政府或其他单位当个白领，希望在20出头的时候能挣到足够多的薪水，过上舒适的生活，然后就娶妻生子，贷款买房，期望升职，过安稳日子。,Te

23、xt,3 感恩节的时候我回了一趟家，兄弟姐妹们免不了不停地问我毕业后有什么打算，我不知道该说什么。实际上，我知道该说什么，但我怕他们批评我，所以只对他们说了别人都准备干什么。,Text,4 父亲看着我，什么也没说。夜深时，他叫我去他的书房。我们坐了下来，他给我们俩各倒了杯饮料。 5 “怎么样？”他问。 6 “啊，什么怎么样？” 7 “你毕业后到底想做什么？”他问道。,Text,8 父亲是一名律师，我一直都认为他想让我去法学院深造，追随他的人生足迹，所以我有点儿犹豫。 9 过了会儿我回答说：“我想旅行，我想当个作家。” 10 我想这不是他所期待的答案。旅行？去哪儿旅行？当作家？写什么呀？我做好了

24、遭到他反对的心理准备。,Text,11 接着是一段长长的沉默。 12 “这想法有点意思，”他最后说。 13 接着又是一段长长的沉默。 14 “我真有点希望自己在你这个年纪时能做这些事儿。” 15 我在等他把话说完。 16 “你还有很多时间，不必急于进一个暂时报酬高的行业。你现在要搞清楚自己真正喜欢什么，如果你弄不清楚，以后就不可能成功。”,Text,17 “那我该怎么办？” 18 他想了一会儿。然后他说道：“瞧，现在太晚了。我们明天早晨乘船出海去，就我们两个。也许我们能抓点螃蟹当晚餐，我们还可以再谈谈。”,Text,19 那是一艘小小的机动船，停泊在离我们家约十分钟路程的地方，是好些年前父亲买

25、的。次日清晨，我们沿着港湾出发，一路上没说多少话，只是默默地欣赏着海鸥的叫声，还有港湾沿岸和远处大海的景色。 20 在这个时候沿海水域没什么风浪，船平稳地航行了半个小时之后父亲把船停了下来。他说：“咱们在这儿试试运气吧，”然后抓起一个系上绳子的生了锈的网状篓子抛到海里。,Text,21 我们等了一会儿，父亲站起来说，“来帮我一把。”于是我们一起将蟹篓子拽上了甲板。 22 螃蟹让我着迷，它们太容易抓了。不仅仅是因为它们顺着篓盖上的小孔爬进一个再明显不过的陷阱，更因为即便盖子打开了，它们似乎也懒得从里面爬出来，只会趴在那儿冲你挥动着蟹钳。,Text,23 篓子里挤满了几十只软壳螃蟹，一只压着一只，

26、堆得老高。“它们为什么不逃走啊？”我满腹狐疑地问父亲。 24 “你先观察一下，看那只螃蟹，那儿！它想爬出去，但每次都被同伴拽了回去，”父亲说。,Text,25 我们接着观察。那只螃蟹顺着网眼向顶盖攀援，每当它爬到顶盖时，果然就会有另一只螃蟹举起蟹钳夹住它的腿把它拽下来。这只螃蟹尝试了好几次想挣脱它的狱中同伴，但都没能成功。 26 “快看！”父亲说。“它开始对这种游戏感到不耐烦了。”,Text,27 那只螃蟹不仅放弃了漫长的逃亡之战，而且还帮着把其他想逃跑的螃蟹拽下来。它最终选择了一种轻松的活法。 28 我忽然明白了父亲为什么提议早上来抓螃蟹。他看着我说：“你可别被别人拽下来哦。花点时间想想你是

27、哪一类人，你这一生希望得到什么。”,Text,“回顾一下你在大学修的课程，想想有哪些课对你个人来说最有益。然后再想想什么对你最重要，什么最使你感兴趣，你有什么技能。琢磨一下你想在哪里生活，你想去哪里，想挣多少钱，想做什么样的工作。如果你现在不能回答这些问题，你就得花点时间去找出答案。你不这样做的话，永远都不会幸福的。”,Text,29 他停顿了一下。 30 “你想去旅行？”他接着问我。 31 “对，”我回答说。 32 “那就去申请护照吧。你想当作家？” 33 “对。” 34 “有趣的选择，我们家还没出过作家呢，”他说。 35 我父亲发动了马达，我们返航回家。,Text,Words he wan

28、ts to master English, French and Spanish before he is sixteen. (CET4-2002-01-58) A) arbitrary B) aggressive C) ambitious D) abundant Word family: ambition n.,Words oneself to do sth.) get ready for sth. unpleasant （使）作好准备 e.g. We must brace ourselves for a challenging new year. 我们必须打起精神应付充满挑战的新年。 2)

29、 ( oneself / sth. against sth. ) push your body, or a part of it, against something solid and strong in order to support yourself or to avoid falling （身体或身体部位）支住，撑牢 e.g. She braced herself against the wall. 她靠墙支撑着身体。,Words & Phrases,resistance n. sing, U 1) (meet with / face / encounter ) refusal to

30、 accept sth. new such as a plan, idea, or change（对新计划、新观念等的）抵制，反对 e.g. 1. This proposal is meeting with some resistance at the UNs headquarters. 这个提议遭到了联合国总部的反对。 2. She put up no resistance to being led away. 被带走时她没有反抗。 3. There was fierce resistance to the new laws. 新法律遭到了强烈抵制。,Words & Phrases,2) (

31、 to) the ability not to be affected or harmed by something, especially a disease or a drug（尤指对疾病或药物的）抵抗力 e.g. 1. Lack of white blood cells lowers resistance to infection and becomes the major cause of death. 由于欠缺白血球，降低了对疾病的抵抗力，这也是导致死亡的主因。 2. Some of us have a lower resistance to cold than others. 我们

32、有些人对感冒的抵抗力不如别人。 Word family: resist v.,Words & Phrases,moor v. stop a ship or boat from moving by fastening it to a place with ropes or by using an anchor （使）停泊 e.g. 1. Boats were moored on both sides of the river. 河两岸都停着船只。 2. The sailing club required most of the site to moor their boats. 航行俱乐部需要大

33、部分空间用于泊船。,Words & Phrases,estuary n. C the part of a large river where it becomes wide and flows into the sea 河口；江口 e.g. We live near the Thames estuary. 我们的住处靠近泰晤士河入海口。,Words & Phrases,Where is the estuary in this picture?,coastline n. C the land along a coast, especially when seen from the sea or

34、the air （尤指从海上或空中看到的）海岸线 e.g. The road extends several miles along the coastline, then clings to the inland. 这条路沿海岸线延伸了几英里，然后转向内陆。,Words & Phrases,surf 1) n. U the waves of the sea as they move onto a beach, falling to produce foam 拍岸浪花 2) vi. (go ing) ride on waves in the sea on a surf board 冲浪 3)

35、v. look at various places one after another on the Internet or on television（在因特网上或电视上）冲浪,Words & Phrases,Translate the following into Chinese. 1. The surf broke on the rocks. 迎头浪冲上岩石四下迸溅。 2. If the waves are big enough, well go surfing. 如果浪够大的话，我们就去冲浪。 3. She spends hours every day just surfing the

36、 Net. 她每天花几个小时上网浏览信息。,Words & Phrases,coastal a. (usu. before noun) on land beside a sea 海岸的；沿海的 e.g. 1. coastal area 2. coastal engineering 3. coastal climate 4. coastal hunt,Words & Phrases,沿海地区,海岸工程学,沿海气候,沿海捕猎,rusty a. a rusty metal object is covered in rust（生）锈的 e.g. The spoon has been rusty fro

37、m disuse. 汤匙因弃置不用而生锈了。 Word family: rust n. & v. e.g. 1. The great advantage of this metal is that it doesnt rust. 这种金属最大的优点是不生锈。 2. How can I remove the rust from the iron door? 我怎样才能把铁门上的锈除掉呢？,Words & Phrases,mesh n. C, U a piece of material like a net, made from a lot of closely connected wires,

38、strings etc.（用铁丝、绳等制成的）网状物，网 e.g. 1. The fish were caught in the meshes of the net. 鱼被网线钩住了。 2. We put some wire mesh over the chimney so that the birds wouldnt fall in. 我们在烟囱上盖了一些细密的金属丝网,这样鸟儿就不会跌落进去了。,Words & Phrases,deck n. C the outside top part of a ship that you can walk on 甲板 e.g. Please stop

39、flights on the deck of the aircraft carrier. 请在航空母舰的甲板上停机。,Words & Phrases,brim vi. ( with) be full of sth. 充满，溢满 e.g. 1. Tom was brimming with enthusiasm. 汤姆满腔热情。 2. I handed him a cup brimming with tea. 我递给他满满一杯茶。,Words & Phrases,clamp 1) vt. ( to / around / on ) put or hold sth. firmly in positio

40、n 夹住；固定 e.g. 1. Clamp the two pieces of wood together until the glue dries. 用夹钳把两块木板夹紧, 等胶水干了再松开。 2. I was so nervous that I had to clamp my hands to the lectern to steady my shaking body. 我紧张得要命，双手紧紧抓住演讲台，好让自己颤抖的身体站稳。,Words & Phrases,2) n. C a tool used for holding or fastening two things together

41、firmly 夹具；钳 e.g. The wood is held in position by a clamp. 木头用钳夹固定住了。,Words & Phrases,defy vt. 1) refuse to obey someone or something（公然）违抗，反抗；藐视 2) resist completely, present insuperable obstacles to 经受得住，顶得住 Translate the following into Chinese. 1. I would not dare defy your orders. 我是不敢违抗你的命令的。 2.

42、 The terrible plague defied all medicines. 所有的药物都无法治愈那个可怕的瘟疫。,Words & Phrases,captive 1) n. C someone who is being kept as a prisoner 俘虏 2) a. (take / hold sb. ) kept as a prisoner 被俘虏的；被监禁的 Translate the following into Chinese. 1. The pirates took many captives and sold them as slaves. 海盗抓了许多俘虏并把他们

43、卖为奴隶。 2. He was a captive to her charms. 他被她的魅力迷住了。 3. He was taken captive by the P. L. A. men at the first engagement. 他在第一次交锋时就被人民解放军俘虏了。,Words & Phrases,lengthy a. long, often lasting for longer than you want or expect 长的；冗长的 e.g. After several lengthy discussions they decided to accept our offe

44、r. 经过多次长时间的讨论，他们决定接受我们开的价。 Word family: length n. e.g. Size of pension depends on length of service with the company. 养老金的多少取决于为公司服务年限的长短。,Words & Phrases,productive a. 1) achieving good results 富有成效（或得益）的 e.g. You will have a productive day if you organize yourself well at work. 如果工作安排得当，肯定能度过富有成效的

45、一天。 2) making or growing things in large quantities, especially so that they can be sold 富饶的；多产的 e.g. During the most productive time in her career, she wrote five novels. 在她创作生涯中最多产的时期，她写了五本小说。 Word family: productivity n. production n. produce v. product n.,Words & Phrases,at / in the back of ones

46、 mind: in the memory but not consciously thought of or immediately recalled 在脑海深处；在内心深处 e.g. 1. He will stick the secret away in the back of his mind. 他会把那秘密埋在心里（而不多想）。 2. As she looked in curiosity at the two kids, an idea formed in the back of her mind. 当她好奇地盯着这两个小孩看时，心里有了一个主意。,Words & Phrases,map

47、 out: plan in detail how sth. will happen 详细计划 e.g. 1. I like to map out the whole week in advance. 我喜欢预先把整整一周的事作出安排。 2. They held a meeting to take stock of last years achievements and map out tasks for the new year. 他们开了一个会来盘点去年的成绩，规划新的一年的任务。,Words & Phrases,haul up：pull or carry sth. heavy from o

48、ne place to another with a lot of effort 把拖上来 e.g. 1. The boy hauled up the fishing net all by himself. 男孩自己一个人就把渔网给拖上来了。 2. If we can get some strong ropes or wires around the sunken boat, we might be able to haul it up. 要是我们用结实绳索或金属缆绳缠住沉船，兴许我们能把它拖上来。,Words & Phrases,figure out: be able to understa

49、nd something or to solve a problem 理解；明白；想出 Translate the following into Chinese. 1. I cant figure out why he quit his job. 我琢磨不透他为什么要辞掉工作。 2. It didnt take the children long to figure out the correct answer. 孩子们没有花很多时间就算出了正确的答案。,Words & Phrases,Madison Avenue （纽约市的）麦迪逊大街（美国广告业中心）,Words & Phrases,Ma

50、dison Avenue is a north-south avenue in the borough of Manhattan in New York City. Its a fashionable shopping street. The name became famous as a synonym for the advertising industry, although many of these agencies have now relocated.,Hollywood 好莱坞（美国电影业设在加利福尼亚州好莱坞的一部分，享有耗费巨资拍摄上佳影片的名声),Words & Phra

51、ses,Hollywood is a district in Los Angeles, California situated west-northwest of Downtown Los Angeles. Due to its fame and cultural identity as the historical center,of movie studios and movie stars, the word Hollywood is often used as a metonym of American cinema.,Thanksgiving 感恩节(在美国为11月的第四个星期四；在

52、加拿大为 10月的第二个星期一),Words & Phrases,Thanksgiving is a US festival held on the fourth Thursday of November, when families get together for a traditional celebration dinner. This often consists of a turkey, stuffing, different types of potatoes, cranberry sauce, gravy and maize and other seasonal vegetab

53、les. Because it gives thanks for the foundation of the first colonies in North America, its not celebrated in the UK.,Currently, in Canada, Thanksgiving is celebrated on the second Monday of October.,Words & Phrases, and we all started to get our heads down To get ones head down means to concentrate

54、 and focus on studying. In other British informal contexts, it can mean to sleep. Note also, to keep ones head down means to continue to do something quietly, especially when there is trouble happening around you.,Language Points,翻译：,我们开始埋头学习,Most important of course were the final exams in April an

55、d May in the following year. This is a conversational elliptical sentence. A standard way of saying this is: The most important things, of course, were the final exams in April and May in the following year.,Language Points,翻译：,下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。,No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in cla

56、ss, so the peer group pressure to work hard was strong. Peer group pressure is the pressure to conform that people, especially children and young people, often feel from the immediate group of those around them who are of the same age or status.,Language Points,翻译：,我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那也太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争压力特

57、别大。,Libraries . were standing room only until the early hours of the morning, and guys wore the bags under their eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride, like medals proving their diligence. The expression standing room only means there are no more seats available because the place is crowded.

58、This expression is often used in public performances, for sports events and on public transport to mean that you have to stand because the place is packed with people.,Language Points,Bags under their eyes refer to loose dark areas of skin that you get when you have not had enough sleep. The express

59、ion guys wore the bags under their eyes with pride means that the students were proud that their tired appearance showed how hard they had been studying, and the bags under their eyes were like medals.,Language Points,翻译：,图书馆现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座，小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼袋，他们脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪，却很自豪，好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。,It wasnt always the high flyers with the top grades who knew what they were goi