专题复习 名词性从句

1、专题复习 名词性从句 名词性从句的基本概念一 名词性从句的概念具有名词的句法功能，在句子中充当主语，宾语，表语和同位语的从句。eg：1.What has happened proves that our policy is right. 2. I have no idea when he will be back.二 引导名词性从句的连词的分类 1 连接词：that ，只起连接作用，不充当句子成分，没有任何意思。 whether, (if) 只起连接作用，不充当句子成分，意思“是否”2 连接代词： what , who, whom, which, whose. Whatever, whoeve

2、r, whomever, whichever,Whosever具有代词功能引导名词性从句，又在句中充当一定的句子成分，（即主，宾，表，定）。 它们的意思与疑问句中疑问词的意思大体相同。3 连接副词：when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however, because 具有副词的句法功能。在从句中充当状语。连接副词的意思同疑问句中疑问词的意思大体相同。三 引导名词性从句的连接词一揽表连接 词连接词连接词引导的从句在从句中的意思在从句中充当的句子成分that主从，宾从，表从，同位从 无意义不做成分，起连接作用whether主从，宾从，表从，同位从

3、是否不做成分if宾从，只引导动词的宾从 是否不做成分连接代词who主，宾，表，同 谁主语，宾语whom主，宾，表，同 谁宾语what主，宾，表，同什么，所。的主，宾，表，定which主，宾，表，同那个，那些主，宾，表，定whose主，宾，表，同谁的定whoever主，宾无论谁的主whomever主，宾无论谁宾whatever主，宾无论什么主，宾，表，定whichever主，宾无论哪个主，宾，表，定连接副词when 主，宾，表，同什么时候 状 语where主，宾，表，同什么地方why主，宾，表，同为什么how主，宾，表，同怎样whenever主，宾，同无论什么时候wherever主，宾，同无论什

4、么地方however主，宾，同无论如何四 名词性从句的来源1 来源于陈述句，引导词用 “that”如：1）He came back yesterday.That he came back yesterday made us very happy.2）He didnt see me when he passed me.He pretended that he didnt see me when he passed me.3）He will come to see us all.Word came that he would come to see us all.消息传来了，他要来看我们大家。2

5、来源于一般疑问句，引导词用whether。做动词的宾语时可用whether或 if, 语序用陈述语序。eg ：1）Is he fit for the job? I wonder if/whether he is fit for ther job. 2）Can we overcome the present difficulties? He had no idea whether we could overcome the present difficulties( or not).他不知道我们能否克服目前的困难。3 来源于特殊疑问句，疑问词做引导词，语序用陈述语序。eg：1）Who will

6、come to give us a lecture? The problem is who will come to give us a lecture. 2）Where has he put the bag? We are interested in where he has put the bag. 3）How did the prisoner escape? How the prisoner escaped remains a mystery.注意：间或也有感叹句做名词性从句的。如：How disappointed I was then!You dont know how disappo

7、inted I was then!我们可以把不同的句子放在不同的位置就构成不同的名词性从句。如：将下面句子加入到下面各句中，使其构成带有名词性从句的复合句。1.Many visitors will visit our school.1) He told me _.2) The news is _.3) _ is known to us all.It is known to all _.2. Has Lucy joined the singing group? 1). _ is not known yet. 2). The problem is _. 3). He asded me _. 4).

8、 He is not interested in _. 5). He asked me the question_.3. What did he say just now? 1). I was surprised at _. 2). The question is _. 3). _ made us unhappy. 4). I have no idea_.4. Which team will win the match? 1). _ is still unkown. 2). I am not sure _.3). The thought _ makes him worried.名词性从句分述

9、主语从句引导词引导的从句在句中做主语。 常用的连接词有：从属连词：that, whether，if连接代词：who, whom, , whose, what, which, whatever, ,whichever, whoever, whomever连接副词：where, why, how, when, whenever, wherever, however1. that 引导主语从句，只起连接作用，在从句中不做任何成分，也不能省略。多数情况下用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句尾，保持句子平衡。eg. That in some countries women are still trea

10、ted unequally is unfair.= It is unfair that in some countries women are still treated unequally. 用it 作形式主语的结构(1) It is 名词 从句 It is a fact that 事实是 It is an honor that 非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that 是常识 It is a pity that .很遗憾 It is a shame that .很丢脸/羞愧 It is no wonder that 难怪.(2) It is 形容词 从句 It is

11、 natural that 很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是(3) It is 不及物动词 从句 It seems that 似乎 It happened that 碰巧 It appears that 似乎(4) It 过去分词 从句 It is reported that 据报道 It has been proved that 已证实 It is said that 据说主语从句中的虚拟：a) 在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气。It is + necessary/ important / strange / natural

12、+ that + 主+（should）+ 动词原形eg：It is necessary that we should learn English well. It is natural that we should work all by ourselves.b) It is suggested / advised / ordered / requested / required / proposed / desired + that + 主 + (should) + 动词原形例：It is requested that Professor Li (should) give us a spee

13、ch.It is decided that we (should) get everything ready by tonight.2. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：（1）if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。（2）It is said /reported结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week. 错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. （3）It happens/o

14、ccurs结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. 错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him. （4）It doesnt matter how/whether 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：It doesnt matter whether he is wrong or not. 错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesnt matter. （5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： 正确表达：Is it l