作者的观点和态度.ppt

1、理解作者的观点和态度题： 既考查学生对字面意思的理解，也考查学生对作者写作目的、态度、观点等的理解。,考题主要形式: (1)The writers purpose in writing this story is (2)The text discusses men and women 50,000 years from now in order to show that ,规律方法：,正确理解作者的写作意图，所持的观点及阐述文章主题时语气或他对所论述的对象的态度。-假如你是作者，你为什么要写本文？,小技巧：辨认三种作者使用的表达情感、态度及观点的词汇，以及承接上下文的连接词。,表示贬义：dis

2、gust, critical, negative, tolerant, disappointment.,表示褒义: positive, wonder, support, useful, interesting, enthusiasm, admiring,表示中立: indifferent, impassive, uninterested, ambivalent, neutral, apathetic, humor, disinterested, disinterest.,例：The author appears _ modern advertising. to like B. to be in

3、different to c. to dislike D. to know how to deal with,One of the most authoritative voices speaking to us today is, of course, the voice of the advertisers. It shouts at us from the television screen and the radio loudspeakers; waves to us from every page of the newspaper; signals to us from the ro

4、adside bill-boards all day and flashes to us in colored lights all night.,C,The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label: “store in the refrigerator.”In my fridgeless Fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily. The milkman

5、 came daily; the grocer, the butcher(肉商), the baker, and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times, a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus(剩余的) bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted, and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on, food

6、deliveries have ceased, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country.The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. A vast way of well-tried techniques already existed-natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling.,What refrig

7、eration did promote was marketing-marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price.Consequently, most of the worlds fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy coun

8、tries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house-while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free o

9、f charge.The fridges effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you dont believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers(汉堡包), but at least youll get rid of

10、 that terrible hum.,1. Why does the author say that nothing was wasted before the invention of fridges? a. People would not buy more food than was necessary. b. Food was delivered to people two or three times a week. c. Food was sold fresh and did not get rotten easily. d. People had effective ways

11、to preserve their food.,2. Who benefited the least from fridges according to the author? a. Inventors b. Consumers c. Manufacturers d. Travelling salesman3. What is the authors overall attitude toward fridges? a. Neutral b. Critical c. Objective d. Compromising,以上三题是较为典型的有关作者观点、态度的综合判断题。1、D）。从表面上看该题

12、的线索词“nothing was wasted” 出现在第二段，但第二段中出现的细节属于具体现象，不足以说明题干的问题。而在第三段中，作者指出了在冰箱发明之前已经有行之有效的食物储存方法。由此可见，二、三段之间构成了逻辑上的因果关系，因而正确答案为D）。该题旨在考查考生依据特殊现象（第二段）归纳出一般规律（第三段）的逻辑分析能力。2、B）。这道题考查考生在语篇层面上综合已知信息，进行归纳判断的能力。作者在第四段指出 “What refrigeration did promote was marketing”, 即制造商、电力、食品供应商从中受益，但没有“谁最不受益”的具体表述。在接下来的第五、六段，作者指