北师大高一必修模块4 Unit 12.ppt

1、Unit 12 Culture Shock,一、知识清单,Warmup 笑声,laughter,owe,apology,exchange,tasty,(一)基本单词,absorb,brief,wander,9. _ adj. 合理的, 正当的 10. _ n. 东北, 东北方 11. _ vt. 预订, 预约 12. _ n. 礼貌 13. _ adj. 谦虚的；适度的 14. _ adv. 好奇地；奇怪地,curiously,reasonable,northeast,book,manners,modest,15. _ n. 同学 16. _ n. 校长 17. _ n. 请求 18. _ a

2、dj. 熟悉的, 常见的 19. _ n. 到达, 抵达 20. _ n. 方面,arrival,schoolmate/classmate,headmaster,request,familiar,aspect,21. _ adj. 极佳的, 非常好的; 壮观的 22. _ adj. 小心翼翼的，谨慎的 23. _ vi. 盯着看，凝视 24. _ adj. 口头的 25. _ vt. 指挥(歌唱或演奏音乐)；实施 26. _ adj. 喜爱 27. _ adj. 不公平的 28. _ adj. 相反的,contrary,splendid,spoken,fond,unfair,cautious,

3、stare,conduct,29. _ vt. 喜欢，依恋；系，固定 30. _ adj. 巨大的，广阔的 31. _ vt. 出口，输出 32. _ vt. 携带；容忍,attach,bear,vast,export,33. majority n. _ 34. movement n. _ 35. mailbox n. _ 36. twin n. /adj. _ 37. outgoing adj. _,大多数, 大半,乐于交友的, 友好的,动作；活动,邮筒，信箱,双胞胎之一; 孪生之一 的,38. whisper vi. _ 39. injure vt. _ 40. earthquake n.

4、 _ 41. belong vi. _ 42. forgive vt. _ 43. attach vt. _,低语, 耳语,伤害,地震,适应；属于,宽恕，饶恕,喜欢，依恋；系，固定,1. _ v. 道歉; 认错 _ n. 道歉; 认错,apologise/apologize,apology,(二)派生单词,2. _ n. 味道; 品味 _ vt. 品尝; 品味; 体验 _ adj. 美味的 _ adj. 平淡无味的; 没品味的; 俗气 的,taste,taste,tasty,tasteless,reason,reasonable,unreasonable,reasonably,3. _ n.

5、原因; 理由 _ adj. 合理的; 正当的 _ adj. 不合理的; 不理智的 _ adv. 合理地; 正当地; 相 当; 颇,curiosity,curious,curiously,4. _ adj. 好奇的; 奇怪的 _ adv. 好奇地; 奇怪地 _ n. 好奇; 好奇心; 求知欲,5. _ vi. 到达; 抵达 (目的地) _ n. 到达; 抵达 (目的地),arrival,arrive,1. _ 与不同 2. _ 拒绝做某事 3. _ 期待做某事 4. _ 至少,at (the) least,be different from,refuse to do sth.,expect to

6、 do sth.,(三)短语,5. _ 习惯于 6. _ 避免做某事 7. _ 建议做某事 8. _ 用A换B 9. _ 建议某人做某 事,advise sb. to do sth.,be/become/get used to,avoid doing sth.,suggest doing sth.,exchange A for B,10. _ 考虑做某事 11. _ 享受做某 事；喜爱做某事 12. _ 冒险做某事 13. _ 宁愿 做某事；宁可做某事 14. _给某人搭顺风车,give sb. a lift/ride,consider doing sth.,be fond of/enjoy

7、doing sth.,risk doing sth.,would rather do/prefer to do sth.,15. _ (某人)对熟悉 16. _ 做某 事有一段较为困难的时间 17. _ 为某人送行 18. _ 属于 19. _ 对感到自豪;为骄 傲; 以为荣,be proud of,sb. be familiar with.,have a difficult time (in) doing sth.,see sb. off,belong to.,20. culture shock _ 21. travelers cheques _ 22. the majority of _

8、23. soon after _ 24. keep on/keep doing sth. _,文化冲击,旅行支票,大多数; 大半,在之后不久,不断做某事,25. insist on doing sth. _ 26. be attached to _ 27. in poor condition _ 28. contrary to _ 29. a broad choice of. _,有很多的选择,坚持/主张做某事,附属于,处于不良状况,与相反;违反,二、核心要点,1. owe,(一)单词,【归纳】 owe作动词，意为“欠（债、钱）”，常用于owe sb. sth.（for sth.）或owe s

9、th. to sb. 结构；也可意为“欠（情）”，常用于owe sb. sth. 或owe sth. to sb.结构；还可意为“归功于，归因于”，常用于owe sth. to sb. / sth.结构。 【拓展】owing to意为“由于”，多引起短语作状语。如： Owing to a lack of funds, the project will not continue next year.,【运用】翻译下列句子。 1. I think were owed an apology. _ 2. He owes his success to hard work. _ 3. Our flight

10、 was delayed owing to the bad weather. _,我认为得有人向我们道歉。,他的成功是靠勤奋工作。,由于天气恶劣，我们的班机延误了。,2. exchange 【归纳】 可作名词，意为“交换；交流；互换”，常用于以下结构：have an exchange of .，in exchange for。 可作动词，意为“调换；交换”，常用于以下结构：exchange sth. with sb.，exchange sth. for sth.。,【运用】根据所给中英文提示完成下列句子，每空一词。 1. 他给我一个苹果换了一块蛋糕。 He gave me an apple _

11、 _ _ a piece of cake. 2. 我们就这件事交换一下意见吧。 Lets _ _ _ _ _ on the matter. 3. 我和你换一下座位好吗? May I _ _ _ _?,in exchange for,have an exchange of views,exchange seats with you,3. wander 【归纳】 v. 闲逛，游荡；（指道路或河流）蜿蜒，迂回 曲折；走神，（思想）开小差 n. 游荡，闲逛 【运用】英汉互译。 1. 不要在房间里乱走，找点事情做。 Dont wander around the room. Get something t

12、o do. 2. The road wanders along through the hills. 这条路蜿蜒曲折地穿过丘陵。 3. Try not to let your mind wander. 尽量别让你的思想开小差。,4. request,【归纳】 作动词时，意为“（正式或礼貌地）请求，要求”。其后接从句作宾语时，从句的谓语要用“should + 动词原形”，should常可省略。常用搭配：request sb. to do sth.; request sth. from sb.。 作名词时，意为“（正式或礼貌的）要求，请求”。常用搭配：make a request for 要求，请

13、求给予；常用短语：at the request of . 应的要求，根据的请求。,【运用】根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。 1. I requested that nobody _ (上 课迟到) tomorrow. 2. The president attended the meeting _ (应我们的要求). 3. All club members _ (被要求参加) the annual meeting.,be late for class,at the request of us,are requested to attend,5. familiar,【归纳】 familiar是形容词

14、，意为：熟悉的，常见到的，常听说的（常用搭配：be familiar to sb.）；通晓，熟悉（常用搭配：be familiar with）。如： The smell is very familiar to everyone who lives near a bakery. Are you familiar with the computer software they use?,6. injure 【归纳】 是动词，意为“（尤指在事故中）伤害，使受伤，损害，伤害（名誉，自尊等）”。 【拓展】 injured adj. 受伤的，受到损害的 injury n. 伤口，损害，伤害 e.g. Th

15、e injured man was taken to a hospital. Two players are out of the team because of injury.,【运用】翻译下列句子。 1. 训练的时候她把自己弄伤了。 She injured herself during training. 2. 这会严重损害公司的声誉。 This could seriously injure the companys reputation.,7. attach 【归纳】 v. 意为：重视（常用短语：attach importance to）；把固定，把附 在（另一物）上（常用搭配：atta

16、ch sth. to sth.）；与有联系，与有关联（常用搭配：attach to sb. / sth.）。 【拓展】 attached adj. 依恋的、爱慕的（常用短语：be / become attached to）；附属的（常与介词to连用）,【运用】汉译英。 1. 你能帮我把红绳系到胳膊上吗？ Can you help me attach the red string to my arm? 2. 我在申请表上贴了一张照片。 3. 我们中学附属于一所有名的大学。 Our middle school is attached to a famous university. 4. 他的父母都

17、很重视教育。 Both his parents attach great importance to education.,I attached a photo to my application form.,5. 我想往我的电脑上连一台彩色打印机。 I want to attach a colour printer to my computer.,8. contrary 【归纳】 adj. （在性质、倾向或方向等上） 相反的; 截然不同的，后常接to，在句中可作 表语、定语或状语。 e.g. He has a contrary opinion. This was quite contrary

18、 to her usual habits. n. 相反的事实/事情/情况(前加the) e.g. What he told me was the contrary of what you told me. 【拓展】on the contrary与此相反，恰恰相反 quite the contrary恰恰相反，正相反,9. spot 【归纳】 n. 意为“地点，场所，斑点（通常指圆的）， 污点”。 v. 意为“意为“看见，看出，注意到，发现”。 【拓展】on the spot立即，当场，在现场，到 出事地点 e.g. When Tom ruined the expensive machine,

19、his boss fired him on the spot. We telephoned, and within five minutes the police were on the spot.,【运用】英译汉。 1. He showed me the exact spot where he had asked her to marry him. 他给我指了他求婚的准确地点。 2. She was wearing a black skirt with white spots. 她穿了一条黑底白点的裙子。 3. His jacket was covered with spots of mud

20、. 他的夹克满是泥点。 4. I spotted my father in the crowd. 我在人群中看见了我的爸爸。,5. Can you spot the difference between these two pictures? 你能不能看出这两幅图的不同？,10. lively adj. 有生气的; 活泼的; 热闹的,【辨析】 alive 活着的; 在世的(只作表语、补语、后置定语) living 活着的; 有生命的(作前置定语和表语) live 活的(只能在动物前面作定语); 现场直播(adj./adv.) the living 活着的人(与the dead相反),运用：用上

21、述几个词填空。 (1) She is a _ child and popular with everyone. 表示“活泼的”只能用lively。 (2) Mr. Wang was still _ after the powerful earthquake. 作表语, 两者都可以。,lively,alive/living,(3) More than 10,000 people were buried _ during the big earthquake. 作补语只能用alive。 (4) He is the best _ pianist. 作前置定语，修饰人只能用living。 (5) Th

22、ere is no _ fish in this pool. 作前置定语, 修饰动物可用live或living。,live/living,living,alive,(二)短语,11. at (the) least 【归纳】（数量或程度上）至少；（用来表示埋怨）起码；（和but连用）但至少。如： There were at least a hundred people present. You might at least be polite. The food wasnt good, but at least it was cheap. 【拓展】at most 至多；not least尤其，特

23、别。,12. would rather宁愿; 宁可 【归纳】后接动词原形，其否定形式是would rather not do sth.。 后跟宾语从句时，引导从句的that常可省略，从句谓语用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用过去式表示与现在或将来相反的愿望，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的愿望。 【拓展】would rather . than . 意为“宁愿而不愿”，than后的内容必须与其前面的内容在词性或结构上相一致。如： Id rather deal with a man than with a woman. Id rather you knew that now than afterwards.

24、,【运用】下列每个句子都有一处错误，请找出并改正。 1. This Sunday I would rather staying at home than go to the park. _ 2. He would rather dont go with me. _ 3. Id rather had the small apple. _,staying stay,dontnot,hadhave,【辨析】 be used to (doing) sth.意为“习惯于”, 其中的to是介词, 后接动词-ing形式或名词、代词。 e.g. Im not used to eating so much fo

25、r supper. used to do意为“(过去)常常是/做”, 强调表示现在不再是、不再做或不再存在的动作或状态, to后接动词原形。 e.g. I used to smoke, but I gave up a couple of years ago.,13. get used to 【归纳】意为“习惯于”, 后面可接名词、代词 或动词-ing形式。,be used to do/ be used for doing意为“被用来做”, to后接动词原形, used是use的被动语态。 e.g. The ship was used to ferry supplies to them duri

26、ng the war. The blue cases are used for storing old papers.,【运用】用以上含used短语的适当形式填空。 1. Mary _ love cats but one attacked her and she doesnt like them any more. 2. I didnt understand the accent when I first moved here but I quickly _ it. 3. The knife _ cutting meat.,used to,got used to,is used for,14.

27、 give sb. a lift 让某人搭顺风车; 搭 的车 e.g. _? That would be great! Please drop me off at the library (安徽2010) A. Could you bring me the bill B. Would you like me to give you a lift C. Could you tell me the postcode for Paris D. Would you like to have my e-mail address,B,15. have a difficult time (in) doing

28、 sth. 做某事有一段较为困难的时间 【拓展】 have some difficulty/ trouble/ problem (in) doing sth. 做某事有些困难 have no difficulty/trouble/problem (in) doing sth. 做某事没有困难,16. keep on doing sth. 反复地做某事; 不断地做某事,【辨析】 keep on doing sth.可能有间断, 强调“反复”和“决心”。 keep doing sth.常常含有不间断的意思, 因此与sitting, standing, lying, sleeping等静态的动词连用

29、时, 只能用keep doing。,17. insist on (doing) sth.,【归纳】 根据以上例句可知，insist on后可接V-ing短语或名词，表示“一定要（某事物），坚决主张；坚持说，固执地声称（尤指别人反对或不信时）”。 e.g. 1. The man caught by the police insisted on seeing his lawyer. 2. The manager insisted on checking everything himself. 3. In front of the judge, Mr. Jackson kept insisting

30、on his honesty.,【拓展】 insist on .有时可与insist that .互换。如： Janes father insists on her learning music after she leaves school. =Janes father insists that she should learn music after she leaves school.,18. see off 【归纳】意为：为送行，送别；赶走，驱逐（某人）；（在游戏、战斗等活动中）打败，击败。 【拓展】常见的含off的短语有： go off意为：离开（尤指去做某事）；开火，爆炸；（警报器

31、等）突然发出巨响；（电灯）熄灭。 put off意为“推迟，延迟”。 pay off意为：付清，偿清；得到好结果，取得成功。,set off意为：出发，动身；使（炸弹等）爆炸；使（警报）响起。 【运用】用含off的短语的正确形式填空。 1. I saw Amy _ angrily without telling us. 2. Never _ till tomorrow what may be done today. 3. The home team _ the challengers by 68 points to 47. 4. Having said good-bye to their fr

32、iends, they _ for home.,go off,put off,saw off,set off,5. All her hard work _ in the end, and she finally passed the exam. 6. Wives used to _ their husbands _ to work at the front door, but this is no longer common. 19. belong (to) 属于 【归纳】belong to意为“属于，是的一 员”。该短语不可用于被动语态，也无进行 时态。,paid off,see,off,【

33、运用】翻译下列句子。 1. 我弟弟不喜欢他在的那所学校。 _ 2. 我想邀请约翰参加乒乓球队，但是他说他是足球俱乐部的成员。 _ 3. 你认为这些书是谁的？ _ _,My brother doesnt like the school to which he belongs.,I wanted to invite John to join the table tennis team, but he said he belonged to the football club.,Whom do you think these books belong to? / To whom do you thi

34、nk these books belong?,When I first arrived in San Francisco, I had a difficult time understanding certain aspects of the American way of doing things. 句型：have a difficult time doing sth.在做 某事方面有困难，与have a problem doing sth. 同义。 e.g. Leila has a difficult time learning the piano. = Leila has a probl

35、em learning the piano.,(三)句式,(四)语法,巧记用动词-ing形式和不定式作宾语的动词,【归纳】下面的顺口溜可以帮助同学们巧记动词-ing形式和不定式作宾语时的用法。 1. 常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词（短语）有： “承认（admit）”“冒险（risk）”别“继续（keep）” “理解（understand）”“原谅（excuse）”和“感激（appre- ciate）” “推迟（delay）” “享受（enjoy）”真可惜,“完成（finish）”“想象（imagine）”又“建议（suggest, advise）” “避免（avoid, escape）”“介

36、意（mind）”别“延期（put off）” “错过（miss）”以后不“考虑（consider）” “允许（allow）”“抵制（resist, stand）”或“放弃（give up）” “坚持（insist on）”“练习（practise）”要牢记 2. 常接不定式作宾语的动词有： 四个“希望（hope, wish, expect, long）”三“答应,（agree, promise, undertake）” 四个“想要（plan, want, mean, desire）”巧“安排（arrange）” “设法（manage）”“学会（learn）”做“决定（decide, deter

37、mine）” “企图（attempt）”“假装（pretend）”要“选择（choose）” “提供（offer）”“要求（demand）”别“拒绝（refuse）” “威胁（threaten）”“准备（prepare）”不“失败（fail）”,【拓展】有些动词（短语）后接动词-ing形式或不定式作宾语时是有区别的。如：,【运用】用括号内动词的正确形式填空。 1. I couldnt imagine _ (live) in a place like that. 2. The policeman offered _ (take) the child home. 3. My new job wil

38、l mean _ (travel) all over the world. 4. Dont be so upset. No one can avoid _ (make) mistakes. 5. Have you given up _ (drink) whiskey before breakfast?,living,to take,travelling/ traveling,making,drinking,6. The manager decided _ (give) each of the two young men a chance to prove themselves. 7. Havi

39、ng wasted so much time, I now regret _ (leave) school so young. 8. He is not willing to admit _ (drive) the carinto his neighbours tree. 9. Larry pretended _ (be) reading an important paper when his wife entered. 10. We turned to Paul for help, but he suggested _ (ask) his brother for his opinion.,t

40、o give,leaving,driving,to be,asking,动词-ing形式作状语和宾语补足语,前面我们学习了动词-ing形式作主语、表语、宾语和定语的用法，本期我们将学习动词-ing形式作状语和宾语补足语的用法。 一、动词-ing形式作状语 动词-ing形式作状语可表示时间、条件、原因、结果、方式、让步或伴随情况等，其逻辑主语通常与句子的主语一致，动词-ing形式所表示的动作与主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系。如： Hearing the news, students all jumped with joy. Working hard, youll certainly make yo

41、ur dream come true.,Seeing nobody in the office, I decided to leave them a note. The child fell, striking his head against the door. Please fill in the blanks using the proper words below. Knowing all this, they still made me pay for the damage. She went out of the room, taking the flowers with her.

42、 动词-ing形式的完成式所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前。如：,Having finished his homework, David went to bed. Having lived there for ten years, I knew the place very well. 动词-ing形式作状语，其前往往可以加when, while, if, unless, once, though, as if等连词，构成“连词+动词-ing形式”结构。如： Paul hurt his leg while playing football. The woman stopped for a w

43、hile as if waiting for a reply.,二、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，表示动作还在进行，其逻辑主语就是句子的宾语。如： I heard Edward singing in the next room just now. 动词-ing形式用在hear, see, smell, feel, watch, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等表示感觉的动词或短语后作宾语补足语时，表示宾语的动作与谓语的动作同时发生。如： Listen! Do you hear someone calling f

44、or help? We can see steam rising from the wet clothes.,动词-ing形式用在leave, have, keep, get等动词后作宾语补足语时，表示使宾语处于某种状态。如： Dont leave her waiting outside in the rain. They use computers to keep the traffic running smoothly. 动词-ing形式也可用在某些介词（with等）之后作宾语补足语。如： I cant do my homework with all this noise going on

45、. With a native villager acting as our guide, we had no trouble getting around.,【运用】用括号内动词的正确形式填空。 My ideal (理想的) reading room is really fantastic. It will be near the school library. 1. _ (study) the whole day, the students can come here 2. _ (read) books. Inside the reading room, we can see two bo

46、okshelves full of interesting books or magazines 3. _ (stand) against the walls. And there will be a vending machine (自动售货机) placed in the corner, 4. _ (serve) different kinds of drinks.,Having studied,to read,standing,serving,5. _ (sit) in the comfortable chairs, we can enjoy the stories or news wh

47、ile 6. _ (drink) some coffee or chocolate. When 7. _ (feel) tired from reading, students can relax in the sofa area equipped with two comfortable sofas and a TV with headsets (耳机).,Sitting,drinking,feeling,如何写非正式的英文信函,(五)写作,【写作指导】 非正式的英文信函一般包括四部分，即称呼、正文、结束语和署名。 1. 称呼 称呼是一封信开头对收件人的称呼，单独成一行，且要顶格写。称呼语常

48、用Dear SirMadamManagerEditorJohn等，称呼后面用逗号。 2. 正文 正文即信件的主要内容。正文要求文字简明达意，层次分明，叙述的内容全面。,3. 结束语 结束语通常位于书信的右下角，在正文下面的一两行处，第一个单词的首字母要大写，末尾用逗号。不同的对象，结束语的写法也不同。写给家人、亲戚时，常用Your loving ., Lovingly yours, Lovingly等；写给熟人、朋友时，常用Yours, Yours sincerely等；对上级、长辈，常用Yours respectfully等。 4. 署名 署名即写信人的姓名，写在结束语的下一行，与结束语对齐

49、。,【常用表达】 常用词汇及短语 honour, accept, attend, prefer, invite, improve, besides, first of all, hear from, whats more . 常用句型 Im very glad to know . Its been a long time since . How has everything been going with .? Im writing to tell you . What about .? When it comes to such a situation, Id like to suggest

50、 that . Looking forward to .,【写作任务】 假设你是李华。下周你将参加学校组织的为期一周的赴英国伦敦的访问交流活动。你打算在此期间去看望你的笔友约翰。请你根据以下信息给约翰写一封信。 1. 表明写信的目的； 2. 介绍活动行程（参观两所高中，听课与学生 交流）； 3. 表达诚挚的问候。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。,【参考范文】 Dear John, Its been a long time since we met last time. Im writing to tell you about my trip to Londo

51、n next week. Then I will be able to see you! The one-week trip is organised by my school to help us get close to high school life in Britain. We will visit two high schools in London. During that period, we will attend their classes and communicate with students there. On the weekend, I will pay a v

52、isit to you and your family. Dont forget to give my regards to your parents. Yours, Li Hua,三、巩固练习,I. 根据本单元所学单词及提示写出所缺单 词的正确形式。 1. If you want to experience the local way of shopping, you should _ (闲逛) around the open market. 2. The black clouds i_ that it will rain soon. 3. At the end of the game pl

53、ayers traditionally e_ shirts with each other. 4. You have to r_ permission if you want to take any photographs.,wander,indicate,exchanged,request,5. They banned the _ (出口) of certain raw materials during the war. 6. Your face seems f_; Ive probably met you here in the old days. 7. Two people were killed and seven were _ (受伤) when the car hit the bus. 8. We should a_ importance to the pollution caused by o