非限制性定语从句-课件

1、一. 使用适当的关系词填空,1. that is the boy _ mother is a famous musician.,3. the house _ they built in 1987 stayed up in the earthquake.,2. we dont know the number of people _ lost their homes in the 1906 earthquake.,that / who,(which /that),whose,复习限制性定语从句,revision,4. ill never forget the day _ (=_ which ) i

2、 was born.,5. i visited the house _ (=_ which) lu xun once lived.,6. the reason _(=_ which) he got worried was this.,when,on,where,in,why,for,对比,2. professor wang has a son, who works in beijing.,1. professor wang has a son who works in beijing.,王教授有一个儿子，在北京工作。,王教授有个在北京工作的儿子。,grammar,非限制性定语从句,non-re

3、strictive attributive clause,非限制性定语从句,构成：,+,+,先行词,she has two brothers, (who are working in the city).,+,其他部分,my house, which i bought last year, has got a beautiful garden. 我的房子有一个漂亮的花园, 我是去年买的。 jane eyre, which i have read three times, is very interesting. 很有趣，我已经读了三遍了。 this notebook was left by t

4、om, who was here a moment ago. 这个笔记本是汤姆留下的，刚才他还在这里。,修饰_,修饰_或_,_逗号与主句分开,_逗号与主句分开,先行词,先行词,整个主句,无,有,区别,概 念 1.限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。 2.非限制性定语从句和主句关系不是很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句，写时往往用逗号分开。译法上译成先行词的定语“的”，通常译成主句的并列句。,关系词的指代关系,主语,宾语,主语 宾语,定语,宾语,as,

5、关系副词(where, when) 的指代关系,时间状语,地点状语,that, why不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。,tip,as引导非限制性定语从句常位于句首, 指代整个的主句。常译为“正如正像”。,观察,there hasnt been any news about him since he left home, which upsets me. 自从他离开家后就没有他的任何消息，这使我很不安。,taiwan belongs to china，as everybody knows. as is known to us, taiwan belongs to china. 众所周知，台湾属于中

6、国。,which和as引导的非限制性定语从句的区别： 1.意义不同 he made a long speech, as we expected. 正如我们期望的，他作了一次很长的演讲。 he made a long speech, which was unexpected. 他作了一次很长的演讲，这出乎意料。 总结:as译为“正如，正像”，常在主动句中作宾语，在被动句中作主语，如as is known to all；which代指前面整个句子，译为 “这”。,2.位置不同 as was reported, three people died in the accident. 正如报道的，三个人

7、死于车祸。 all the people died in the accident, which shocked everyone. 所有的人都死于这起事故，这让每个人都很震惊。 总结:as位置灵活，可以位于句首，也可以位于句中，而which不能位于句首。,可位于主句 _，_，_,_位于主句_,_,_,之前,之中,之后,不能,之前,这，那,正如正像,总结,as 常见表达,asweallknow, asisknowntoall, asisoftenthecase, as is reported, as is said, as is expected,众所周知， 这是常有的事, 正如所报道的那样,

8、 正如所说的那样, 正如所预料的那样,非限制性定语从句的其他形式： 有些非限制性定语从句可以由名词/数词/不定代词/比较级或最高级+of which/whom组成。例如： 1）our class consists of 60 students, all of whom like english. 2) i have a lot of friends, two-thirds of whom are girls. 3) pass me the book, the cover of which is red.,从句与主句的关系相对松散，从句用于补充主句的内容和信息，去掉从句不影响句意的完整。,修饰先

9、行词或整个句子,1.主句，从句之间多用逗号隔开 2. 关系词很少可以 省略 3.不能用that引导,修饰先行词,1.没有停顿，主句与 从句之间不用逗号 2.关系词若作从句 的宾语，可省略. 3.可用that 引导,定语从句和各种句型的比较,1.he failed in the exam, _made his parents angry. 2.he failed in the exam. _ made his parents angry.,3.he has two sons, both of _ are teachers. 4.he has two sons, and both of _ are

10、 teachers.,this,which,whom,them,能力提升,5.it was september _we first met in wenchang. 6.it was in september _we first met in wenchang.,when,that,（简单句）,（并列句）,（强调句）,7. _ we all know, china is rich in natural resources. 8._ is well-known is that china is rich in natural resources.,as,what,（主语从句）,_,_,（表语从句

11、）,（1）which makes her parents a little worried, she is poor in english.,attention,注：which 引导非限制性定语从句不能位于句首。,she is poor in english，which makes her parents a little worried.,（2） the novel, that i read last night, is very interesting.,the novel, which i read last night, is very interesting.,注：that不能引导非限制性定语从句，做宾语时不能省略。,（3）the reason, why he looks unhappy today, is unknown to us.,the reason, for which he looks unhappy today, is unknown to us.,注：why不能引导非限制性定语从句，做宾语时不能省略。,（4）they have four childre