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1、1,Web Usability (Web可用性),Dont make me think (不要让我想),2/26,Contents(目录),Rule #1 Dont make me think(规则1:不要让我想) How do we really use the Web? (我们如何使用网站?) Designing pages for scanning, not reading (网页是用来扫描的,不是阅读的) Rule #2 Mindless, unambiguous choice (规则2:不假思索的、明确的选择),3/26,Contents(目录),Rule #3 Get rid of

2、 half the words on each page (删除页面上的一半文字) Designing navigation (设计导航系统) Designing home page (设计主页) Usability testing (可用性测试),4/26,Krugs first law of usability: Dont make me think,As far as is humanly possible, a Web page should be self-evident, obvious, self-explanatory. I should be able to “get it”

3、 what it is and how to use it without expending any effort thinking about it. (只要可能,网页应该设计得清楚易懂。浏览者应该能够“理解”该网页这个网页是关于什么的,如何使用它?而不需要费力去思考。),5/26,Krugs first law of usability: Dont make me think,Using a site that doesnt make us think about unimportant things feels effortless, whereas puzzling over thi

4、ngs that dont matter to us tends to sap our energy and enthusiasmand time. (如果网站不需要浏览者就无关紧要的东西思考,那么该网站就可以说是不费力的。反之,该网站就会浪费浏览者的精力、热情和时间。),6/26,Things that make us think(让我们思考的东西),Names of things, like “job”, “employment opportunities” or “job-o-rama”. (事物的名称,比如“工作”、“就业机会”、“job-o-rama”) Links and butt

5、ons that arent obviously clickable. (不显示为可以点击的超链接和按钮。),7/26,Things that make us think(让我们思考的东西),Other things that visitors to a site shouldnt spend their time thinking about, like:(其他访问者不应花费精力思考的东西,比如说:) Where am I? (我在哪里?) Where should I begin?(我应该从哪里开始?) Where did they put ? (他们把*放在哪里了?) What are

6、the most important things on this page?(网页中最重要的东西是什么?) Why did they call it that? (为什么他们要叫它那玩意儿?),8/26,How do we really use the Web? (我们如何使用网站?),Fact of life #1: We dont read pages. We scan them. (事实1:我们不阅读网页,我们扫描网页。) Fact of life #2: We dont make optimal choices. We satisfice. (事实2:我们不会进行理想化的选择,而是选

7、一个相对好的选项。) Fact of life #3: We dont figure out how things work. We muddle through. (事实3:我们不会费力去考虑事物工作的原理,而是会“摸着石头过河”。),9/26,Designing pages for scanning, not reading (设计适合扫描,而不是阅读的网页,Create a clear visual hierarchy on each page (在每页中建立清晰的视觉框架和层次。) Take advantage of conventions (利用设计惯例。比如说,可以参考书报杂志的设

8、计惯例来设计网页。),10/26,Designing pages for scanning, not reading (设计适合扫描,而不是阅读的网页,Break page up into clearly defined areas (把页面清楚的划分为不同的区域。) Make it obvious whats clickable (让可点击的东西清楚地显示出来,例如,让按钮“长”的像按钮。) Minimize noise(尽量减少“污染”。例如,尽量不用背景音乐和背景图案;内容尽量不要凌乱地堆砌。),11/26,Krugs second law of usability,It doesnt

9、matter how many times I have to click, as long as each click is a mindless, unambiguous choice. (点击次数并不重要,只要每次点击都不需要思考(也就是说,点击的路径是很自然的、符合逻辑的)。,12/26,Krugs third law of usability,Get rid of half the words on each page, then get rid of half of whats left. (删除每页中一半的文字,然后把剩下的一半再删除一半。) It reduces the noi

10、se level of the page. (这样可以减少网页中的“污染”源。) It makes the useful content more prominent.(这样可以让有用的东西更清楚地显示出来。) It makes the pages shorter, allowing users to see more of each page at a glance without scrolling. (这样页面就更短,浏览者可以不需要滚动就看到尽量多的内容。),13/26,Designing navigation(设计导航系统),The purposes of navigation(导航

11、系统的作用) It helps us to find whatever it is were looking for.(帮助浏览者找到需要的内容。) It tells us where we are. (告诉浏览者其在网站中的位置。) It gives us something to hold on to.(让浏览者能够有所依赖。),14/26,Designing navigation(设计导航系统),The purposes of navigation (导航系统的作用) It tells us whats here. (告诉浏览者可以在这个网站中找到什么。) It tells us how

12、 to use the site.(告诉浏览者如何使用这个网站。) It gives us confidence in the people who built it. (让浏览者信任网站制作者。),15/26,Designing navigation(设计导航系统),Web navigation conventions(Web导航惯例) SiteID (站点徽标) Sections (主要栏目) Utilities (at least a way to go home and a way to search)(功能性工具,至少要让浏览者能够回到首页,并且提供搜索功能。) Subsection

13、s(次要栏目) “You are here” indicator and breadcrumbs(”您在这里”标记) Page name (网页的名称,有时也叫做网页标题) Local navigation(本地导航,也就是超链接) Footnote navigation(页脚导航或“脚注”),16/26,Designing navigation,Try the trunk test (导航测试) Imagine that youve been blindfolded and locked in the trunk of a car, then driven around for a whil

14、e and dumped on a page somewhere deep in the bowels of a Web site. If the page is well designed, when your vision clears you should be able to answer these questions without hesitation: (假定把您眼睛蒙住,塞到汽车后备箱里,然后开车开一段时间,再把您扔到网站中的某个页面(有可能在网站的很深处)。如果页面的设计合理,当去掉您的遮眼布时,您应该能很容易地回答以下问题:),17/26,Designing naviga

15、tion,Try the trunk test (导航测试) What site is this? (Site ID)(这是个什么网站?) What page am I on? (Page name) (我在哪个页面?) What are the major sections of this site? (Sections)(这个网站都有哪些主要栏目?) What are my options at this level? (Local navigation)(在这个层次上都有哪些选项?) Where am I in the scheme of things? (“You are here”

16、indicators)(我在整个网站中处于哪里?) How can I search? (我怎么进行搜索?),18/26,Designing home page (设计首页),Things the Home page has to accommodate(首页上一般应包括的东西): Site identity and mission(网站徽标和网站使命) Site hierarchy (网站的层次结构) Search (搜索功能) Teases(吸引注意力的东西,attention grabber) Timely content (实时的内容,类似“新闻”、“最近更新”等) Deals (商业

17、信息,例如广告) Shortcuts (快捷方式,提供访问某些页面或功能的快速链接) Registration(注册登录功能),19/26,Designing home page(设计首页),abstract objectives(一些抽象的目标) Show me what Im looking for. (告诉我我要找的东西在哪里?) and what Im not looking for.(以及虽然我并没有找,但可能会吸引我的东西。) Show me where to start. (告诉我从哪里开始,也就是如何去完成特定任务。) Establish credibility and tru

18、st.(建立信任。),20/26,Designing home page,Convey the big picture(传达蓝图信息) As quickly and clearly as possible, the Home page needs to answer the four questions I have in my head when I enter a new site for the first time: (首页应该尽量快且清楚地回答以下四个任何浏览者都会问的问题:) What is this?(这是个什么网站?) What do they have here?(这个网站中

19、有什么?) What can I do here?(我能在这个网站做什么?) Why should I be hereand not somewhere else?(为什么我要在这里,而不是别的什么地方?),21/26,Designing home page,Convey the big picture(传达蓝图信息) Once I know what Im looking at, theres still one more important question that the Home page has to answer for me: (用户清楚地了解了主页的内容和特点后,主页还需要回

20、答一个重要的问题:) Where do I start? (我应该从哪里开始?),22/26,Designing home page,Four popular ways to spoil the Home page(四种搞砸首页的流行方法) Putting a banner ad on the Home page if you dont have to.(在没必要时,在首页上放个横幅广告条。) Promoting everything.(推销所有的东西。) Letting deals drive Home page design.(让广告驱动了首页的设计。) Getting greedy fo

21、r user data. (过于贪心得到用户信息。),23/26,Usability testing(可用性测试),Several sure things about testing(有关测试的正确说法) If you want a great site, youve got to test.(如果想要一个好的站点,必须进行测试。) Testing one user is 100 percent better than testing none.(测试一个用户比一个都不测试要好100%。 Testing one user early in the project is better than testing 50 near the end.(项目早期测试一个用户比结束时测试50个还有用。),24/26,Usability testing (可用性测试),The importance of recruiting representative users is overrated. (不需要非要雇佣“具有代表性的用户”。) The point of testing is not to prove or disprove something. Its t

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