名词性从句详解PPT精选文档

1、1,Grammar,2,名词性从句,3,Grammar,What kind of noun clauses they are?,1. What life will be like in the future is difficult to predict.,主语从句,2. They are careful about what they eat and exercise regularly.,宾语从句,4,3. 6. The discussion topic for today is what school will be like in the future. 表语从句,4. We cann

2、ot be sure whether our dreams will come true, but we can at least be hopeful that.,宾语从句,5,5. He told me the news, believe it or not, that he had earned $1000 in a single day.,同位语从句,6,7,种类,主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句,8,1.The photographs will show you _. A. what does our village look like B. what our village

3、 looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 2.You can hardly imagine _when he heard the news . A. how he was excited B. how was he excited C. how excited he was D. he was how excited,语序问题,9,3.He asked _ for a violin. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how muc

4、h did I pay D. how much I paid 4. I couldnt understand _ with me. A. the matter was what B. what the matter was C. what was the matter D. that was the matter,结论：名词性从句应选用陈述句语序。,10,关联词,11,名词性从句的连接词,一、主语从句（一般位于句首）,1.连词 that (无词义,不作成分,不能省略); whether(是否),不用if. That he will come and help us is certain. Wh

5、ether we will succeed is still a question.,注意: 已确定的事由 that 引导; 没决定的事由 whether 引导.,12,3.连接副词when(ever), where(ever), why, how(ever), how long, how often, how soon, how far, how many / much 等.,When the test will be given is not yet decided. How much we can spend must be agreed on.,2. 连接代词 what, whatev

6、er, who（m）, whoever, whose, which, whichever 等.,What was most important to her, she told me, was her family. Whose ticket this is has not been found out.,13,1._ I cant understand is why he has changed his mind. 2._ the earth is round is known to us all. 归纳：,What,That,连词_在从句中不作成分，不含有疑问意义，而_在从句中作成分，常含

7、有疑问意义。,that,what,14,_ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 2. _ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A.What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 3. _ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What;what B. What ;that C. That;that D. That;what,15,1

8、.主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用 单数形式. That they will come is certain.,2.由who, whoever引导的主语从句，主句谓语动词的单复数要视从句中的单复数而定. Whoever say that are to be punished. Who he is doesnt concern me.,3.What 引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定. What he wants are these books. What he wants is some water.,主语从句的主谓一致,16,二. 宾语从句,注：多个并列的宾语

9、从句，只有第一个宾从的 that可省； 有插入语时不能省略that.,He said (that) he had finished reading this novel and that he would borrow another one. We decided, in view of（考虑到） his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary (试用的) period.,17,当that 引导的从句作复合宾语的第一个 成分时，需用先行词it 作形式宾语，把从句放到句末，that 不能省略。,We c

10、onsider it possible that he is ill. I feel it a pity that she cant come. I heard it said that he had gone to Australia. He made it clear that he objected to the plan.,18,2. 由wh-疑问词引导。,We fully understood what he meant. Go and ask why he was late yesterday. Please tell me which is mine. I asked how h

11、e was getting on. We will choose whoever is fit. Whatever he does he does well. He asked me whether or not I was busy.,19,1. 介词后的宾语从句. Everything depends on whether it is fine tomorrow. 2. whetheror not的宾语从句. I dont know whether or not shell like it. 3. 复合不定式只能用whether. Tell us whether to go or stay

12、 here. 但: 宾语从句否定时常用if引导. He asked if you would not go and see him.,whether 与if 有时可以换用，但下列情况只能用whether.,20,另附：,1）、主语从句置于句首 Whether she likes the present is not clear to me. 2）、表语从句 My main problem right now is whether I should ask for an other loan（贷款）. 3）、同位语从句 Answer my question whether you are com

13、ing.,4.另附：(只用whether 不用if),21,1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow. 2. I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow. 3. The question is _ this book is worth writing. 4. It depends on _ we will have enough money. 5. _ they can do it matters little to us. 6.The manager asked me the question _ I would li

14、ke to be his secretary. 7._ you are not free tomorrow , Ill go without you.,whether/if,whether,whether,whether,Whether,If,用if 或whether 填空,whether,22,三. 表语从句,表语从句的引导词与主语从句和宾语从句相同. （that引导无意义，不充当成分，不能省;wh-等连接副词引导，根据句意判断） 但:1. that引导表语从句时不能省. 2. if不能引导表语从句. 3. seem, appear后可接that引导的从句, 而 look则不可. 这三个词后

15、都可用as if / as though 引导从句. It seems / appears that he was late for the train yesterday. It seems / appears / looks as if we have to go home on foot.,23,The news that our team has won the match is true. His delay is due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway.,四. 同位语从句 （ that引导，无意义，不充当成分；wh-等连接副词

16、引导 根据句意判断。）,同位语从句一般跟在名词fact,news, promise,truth,belief,thought,idea, answer,information,knowledge,doubthope,law,opinion,plan,suggestion后面, 用以说明或解释前面的名词.,24,注: 1. that 引导同位语从句与that 引导定语从句的区别: 引导同位语从句的that 无实际意义, 不作从句的任何成分, 而引导定语从句的that 是从句中的某个成分.,He told me the news that our team won the match. He to

17、ld me the news that was very exciting.,2. 在have no idea 之后常用wh-引导同位语从句.,I have no idea where he has gone. I have no idea when he did it. I have no idea what he did.,25,wh-ever 与no matter wh- 引导 名词性从句与让步状语从句 的比较 （Who/what 表具体的概念或表特指；而whoever与whatever表示的是笼统的概念或泛指）,拓展,26,1.Sarah hopes to become a frien

18、d of _ shares her interests. A.anyone B. whomever C.whoever D.no matter who 2.These wild flowers are so special, I would do _ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever 3. It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wh

19、enever 4. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who,27,另外，在名词性从句的复习过程中，我们还须特别注意以下问题：,填空: The reason _ we didnt trust him is _ he has often lied,reason 后面的表语从句通常用that引导, 不能用why 引导, 但reason后面的定语从句可以用why 或者that 引导。,28,虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用 a.）在动词insist，urge

20、，order，command，request，require，demand，desire，suggest，advise，propose，recommend等后面的宾语从句中。 b.)在名词order，command，request，requirement，demand，desire，suggestion，advice，proposal，recommendation等后面的表语从句或同位语从句中。 这类名词性从句中的谓语动词都用(should)+do,29,eg: I suggest that we (should) go shopping. My suggestion is that we (

21、should) go shopping. I put forward suggestion that we (should) go shopping.,30,巩固练习,1.The question is _ the film is worth seeing Aif Bwhat Cwhether Dhow 2.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right Athat what Bwhat that Cthat Dwhether,31,3.Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I cant remember_. Awhere Bthere Cwhich Dthat 4.Energy is _ makes things work Awhat Beverything Csomething Danything,32,5.The reason _ I have to go is_ my mother is ill in bed A. why ; why B. why ; because C. why ; that D. that ; because 6.He do