流行病基本概念与描述性指标检查和诊断测试.ppt

1、Discussion 1,Essential Concept & Descriptive indexes Screening test and Diagnostic Test,In the discussion class, you will be asked to give answer to the given questions. It will count 10 score in your final exam.,A Epidemic and pandemic B Epidemiology C Incidence rate and Risk D Prevalence E Case fa

2、tality F Risk factor and prognostic factor,Part 1 Essential concept & Indexes,Answer the following question1-20,1.1 What is the best descriptor of the likelihood over 10 years that an initially unaffected person will develop hypertension?,A Epidemic B Incidence rate C Risk D Sensitivity E Specificit

3、y F Case fatality G Prevalence,1.2 What is the best descriptor of a characteristic, such as hypertension, affects the likelihood of developing a new myocardial infarction?,A Incidence rate B Risk C Case fatality D Risk factor,1.3 What is the best descriptor of rapidity with which new cases of myocar

4、dial infarction occur among a population of previously unaffected persons?,A Epidemic B Incidence rate C Risk D Case fatality E Prevalence,1.4 What is the best descriptor of a characteristic, such as the severity of coronary artery blockage, that affects the duration of survival following an acute m

5、yocardial infarction?,A Epidemic B Incidence rate C Risk D Prognostic factor E Prevalence,1.5 What is the best descriptor of proportion of person who have hypertension in a community residents.,A Epidemic B Incidence rate C Risk D Prognostic factor E Prevalence,1.6 What is the best measure to descri

6、be the situation that an outbreak of a disease that spreads rapidly and widely? And what is in the condition the disease can spread over a worldwide area in a short time.,A Epidemic B Outbreak C Risk D Prevalence E Pandemic,1.7 What is the best measure to describe the percentage of person who die fr

7、om a specific disease among those contracting that disease?,A Epidemic B Incidence rate C Risk D Case fatality E Prevalence,1.8 The term used to describe the proportion of unaffected individuals who, on average, will contract the disease of interest over a specified period of time is:,A Epidemic B I

8、ncidence rate C Risk D Prognostic factor E Prevalence,1.9 is the proportion of a population that has the disease of interest at a particular time, e g, on a given day.,A Cumulative rate B Incidence rate C Survival rate D Period prevalence E Point prevalence,1.10 A process to detect disease at its ea

9、rliest stages among asymptomatic persons in the general population. This process are known as:,A Investigation B Diagnostic test C Screening test D Prevalence study,1.11 A process to confirm a diagnosis among persons with existing signs or symptoms of illness. This process are known as:,A Investigat

10、ion B Diagnostic test C Screening test D Prevalence study,Give a brief reply,1.12 What is the best measure to estimate the rapidity with which new cases of asthma develop among school-aged children?,Give a brief reply,1.13 What is the best measure to estimate the proportion of nursing home residents

11、 that in clinical depressed?,Give a brief reply,1.14 Which is the best measure to estimate the likelihood that women who start postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy will develop breast cancer within 10 years?,Give a brief reply,1.15 Which is the best measure to measure the likelihood of death w

12、ithin 30days for person who have experienced an episode of major head trauma?,Calculation,We did a research in a community with 500 persons, of them 1 was diagnosed with colon cancer annually. 1.16 What is the annual incidence rate (per 1000 persons) of colon cancer？ 1.17 Assuming that one-fifth of

13、the affected individuals would die from the colon cancer, what is the case fatality rate of colon cancer? 1.18 Assuming there are no migrations into or out of the community and no death from other causes, what is the 5-year risk (in %) of developing colon cancer in the community?,A diabetes health p

14、romotion program screened workforce of 10,000 employees, among them 1000 workers were detected with diabetes during the initial screening. And 1 year later in the subsequent annual screening, another 45 workers were diagnosed as new onset DM. 1.19 Assuming no entries from or losses of patients and n

15、o death from other causes, what is the prevalence of diabetes? What is the incidence rate?,1.20 Calculate 1-year survival rate, 2-year survival rate, 3-year survival rate and 5-year survival rate according to figure below.,Death,Death,Part 2 Screen test and Diagnostic Test,Your recruited a sample of

16、 483 persons, 50 had been diagnosed with the infection of inhalational anthrax. Of those with inhalational anthrax, the QUIKTHRAX screening test was positive for 40 persons. Of those without, the QUIKTHRAX screening test was negative for 416 persons. 2.1 What are the sensitivity, specificity, positive pr