高二英语：Moudle2-2 Reading.ppt

1、1behave v. 表现，举动 She behaves towards me more like a friend than a mother. 她像朋友一样待我，而不像是我的母亲。 Children, please behave(yourselves)! 孩子们，规矩些！,知识拓展 1)behaved adj. 有某种表现的(用以构成合成形容词) behaviour n. U 待人态度，举止；行为方式，活动方式 2)辨析：behaviour, conduct behaviour指在他人面前的或特殊场合的行为，尤指交际上的细节。 conduct指关于道德方面的行为。 He is satisf

2、ied with his behaviour at the party. 他对自己在宴会上的举止很满意。 She felt she was charged with improper conduct. 她知道自己是因为行为不轨而被起诉。,即学即用 Tom, _ yourself. Did you forget the school rules? AbehaveBbelieve Cperform Dconduct Its bad _ for a man to smoke in the public places where smoking is not allowed. Aaction Bbeh

3、aviour Cmanner Dmovement 答案：AB,2hesitate vi. 犹豫，踌躇，迟疑；不情愿 Hes still hesitating about joining/over whether to join the expedition. 他对是否去参加考察仍拿不定主意。 He hesitates at nothing. 他从不优柔寡断。 I hesitate to spend so much money on clothes. 我舍不得把这么多钱花在衣服上。,知识拓展 hesitate vi. hesitant adj. 犹豫的，踌躇的 She agreed withou

4、t the slightest hesitation. 她毫不犹豫地同意了。 Theres no room for hesitation. 没有踌躇的余地。,His frequent hesitations annoyed the audience. 他三番五次欲言又止，听众已感到厌烦。 He is a hesitant speaker. 他是个说话吞吞吐吐的人。 Im rather hesitant about signing this. 我不大愿意签这个字。,高考链接 (2009福建)We are at your service. Dont_to turn to us if you hav

5、e any further problems. Abeg Bhesitate Cdesire Dseek 解析：考查动词词义辨析。beg“乞求，乞讨，恳求”；hesitate“犹豫，踌躇”；desire“欲望，愿望”；seek“试图，要求”。句意为：我们为你服务。当你有任何问题时，请毫不犹豫地向我们求助。 答案：B,即学即用 Hes still hesitating_joining the club. Aabout Bover C D.A or B 答案：D,3doubt 1)n. 后边可接同位语从句，用that/whether引导。 There is no doubt that we wil

6、l be successful. 毫无疑问我们会成功的。 She had some doubt whether the quality of flour was good. 她怀疑面粉的质量。,2)v. 在否定句和疑问句中，接宾语从句时用that；在肯定句中用whether/if引导。 Do you doubt that it is true? 你怀疑它是真的吗？ I doubt very much whether he is coming or not. 我很怀疑他是否会来。,知识拓展 in doubt 怀疑，拿不定主意 no/without doubt (that) 毫无疑问 beyond

7、/out of doubt 毫无疑问地 即学即用 I dont doubt _ he will pass the exam. Awhether Bthat Cwhen Dhow 答案：B,4direction n. 1)C方向 Tom went off in one direction and Harry in another. 汤姆朝一个方向走，哈里则朝另一个方向走。 When the police arrived, the crowd scattered in all directions/in every direction. 警察一到，人群就向四面八方散开了。,2)C指南；指示；说明书

8、；操作说明 Simple directions for assembling the model are printed on the box. 盒上印有装配模型的简要说明。 3)U管理；监督；指导；指点 He did the work under my direction. 他在我的指导下做这项工作。,1)给某人指路(direct sb. to.) Can you direct me to the station? 你告诉我到车站怎么走好吗？ 2)管理(某事物/某人)，监督，指导 She directed the planning of the festival. 她统管节日活动的筹划。,3

9、)担任导演，指导(演员的)演出，(为电影、戏剧等)当导演 Who directed the play? 这出戏是谁导演的？ 4)指示，命令 The officer directed them to advance. 指挥官命令他们前进。(句中advance为动词，即direct sb. to do sth.) The owner directed that the factory be closed. 厂主下令关厂。,注意：此句中使用了虚拟语气，be前的should省略了。 5)direct adj. 直的，径直的，直接的；率直的，坦率的 a direct flight/train/route

10、/course 直飞航班/直达列车/笔直的航/路线 a direct hit/shot/result/link/connection 直接命中/结果/关系/联系 a direct person/manner/answer 直性子的人/坦率的态度/直截了当的回答,6)directly (1)adv. 立即，马上；不久，很快地 Come in directly. 立刻进来吧。 Ill be there directly. 我很快就到。 (2)conj. 一就 I went home directly I had finished work. 我一干完活就回家了。 注意：既是adv.也可作conj.

11、的词它们后面可直接跟句子，如：immediately, instantly“一就”等。,高考链接 I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction_she had come. Aof which Bby which Cin which Dfrom which,解析：本题考查“介词关系代词”构成的定语从句，本题中的介词应根据定语从句中的动词come来确定，即she had come from the directi

12、on，不要受in the direction of.“朝着方向”的干扰。另外，in the direction(of.)多指“朝方向(散去)”，而from the direction(of.)多指“从方向(聚来)”。 答案：D,即学即用 单句改错 The birds came up in every direction and suddenly flew away from all directions. _ Under the help of the teachers, Tom is marching to the direction of success. _,The boy stoppe

13、d crying direct he saw his mother. _ 答案：infrom, frominUnderWith，toin directdirectly,5pat vt. (用掌或扁平之物)轻拍(某人/某物) Her old grandma patted the little girls hand. 她奶奶轻轻地拍那个小女孩的手。 He patted the boy on the head and went out. 他拍拍男孩子的头，出去了。 She deserves a pat on the back for the hard work shes done. We/Peopl

14、e should pat her on the back for all the hard work shes done. 她的辛勤努力值得赞扬。,知识拓展 pat sb.onthe head“轻拍某人的头”。英语中常用“hit sb.on/inthe身体部位”表示“打某人的头/肩/背/脸/眼等”。其中的定冠词通常不用不定冠词a/an或形容词性物主代词代替。若打在结实的部位(如head, shoulder, back等)前面常用介词on；若打在柔软多肉的部位(如leg, eye, face等)，前面常用介词in。类似的动词有pat, hit, touch, beat, strike等。另外还有

15、“pull/take/hold.sb.bythe身体部位”结构。,A stone hit me in the face/eye. 一块石子打到了我的脸/眼。 The little girl held her mother by the arm. The little girl held her mothers arm. 那个小女孩抓住她妈妈的胳膊。 The man touched me on the back. 那个男人碰了碰我的背。,即学即用 The boy hated being patted on_head. A B.his Cthe Dones 答案：C,6invisible adj.

16、 看不见的，不可见的 The clothes made of this magic cloth would be invisible. 用这种魔布缝制的衣服是看不见的。 知识拓展 1)be invisible to. 对看不见的，无形的 He acted as if he was completely invisible to others. 他做起事来好像没有人看得见他似的。 2)visible adj. 可见的；看得见的；能注意到的；能确定的，明显的 visibly adv. 能注意到地；明显地,即学即用 翻译句子 有些星体肉眼是看不见的。 _ 答案：Some stars are invi

17、sible to the naked eyes.,7blink 1)v. (1)眨眼 He blinked in the bright sunlight. 他在灿烂的阳光下眨着眼睛。 How long can you stare without blinking your eyes? 你能瞪着看多长时间不眨眼？ (2)闪烁 Harbour lights were blinking on the horizon. 海港的灯火在水平线上闪烁着。,2)n. 眨眼，闪光 知识拓展 1)on the blink (指机器)不灵，出故障 The washing machines on the blink

18、again. 洗衣机又出毛病了。 2)blink the fact(that.)不考虑，不顾及 You cant blink the fact that the countrys economy is suffering. 你不能不考虑国家经济正遇到困难这一事实。,3)blink sth. away/back 尽力用眨眼来控制或遮掩(尤指眼泪) Although in pain, she bravely blinked back her tears. 她虽然很疼痛，但还是硬把眼泪抑制住了。 即学即用 We shouldnt blink the_that our English is still

19、 very poor. Aidea Btruth Cfact Dreality 答案：C,8shape 1)n. (1)形状 The picture is round in shape. 这幅画是圆形的。 (2)模糊的东西 I made out two dim shapes in the gloom. 我在朦胧中看出有两个模糊的影子。,(3)情况，状态 What shape is the team in after its defeat? 这个队失败后的情况如何？ The illness has left him in rather poor shape. 他经过这场大病已形容枯槁。 2)v.

20、 (1)做成某物的形状 shape the sand into a mound 把沙堆成小丘 (2)有重大影响 These events helped to shape her future career. 这些事促成了她后来从事的事业。,(3)进展 How is the new team shaping up? 新队的表现怎样？ (4)使(衣服)合身 The jacket is shaped at the waist. 这件外衣腰部很贴身。,知识拓展 out of shape 变形，走样 take shape 变得更有条理 The children have been playing wit

21、h my hattheyve knocked it out of shape. 孩子们一直玩着我的帽子把它弄得不成样子了。 The plan is beginning to take shape in my mind. 这个计划在我脑子里逐渐有了眉目。,高考链接 You have been sitting on my trousers and now it is badly out of_. Adate Bshape Corder Dbalance 解析：本题考查了名词的辨析。句意为：你一直坐在我裤子上，它现在已经严重变形了。out of shape意为“变形，走样”。 答案：B,即学即用 T

22、his table is in_shape of a square. Aa Bthe C D.an 答案：B,9bend 1)v. 弯腰，曲身；弯曲 He bent forward to listen to the child. 他弯下身来听那孩子说话。 The mast was bent during the storm. 桅杆在风暴中变弯了。 2)v. 专心于 He bent his mind to the research project. 他全力以赴地做这项研究课题。,3)n. 弯曲，弯曲物，转弯 a bend in the road 道路的转弯处,知识拓展 常用词组： bend do

23、wn 弯腰 bend oneself to 专心于，致力于(其中to为介词) bend over 弯身作拱形；俯身靠近；屈服 bend ones mind to 专心致志地从事,即学即用 (2010青岛高二期中)I am sure only if you bend yourself to _can you improve it in a short time. Astudy English BEnglish study CStudying English DBoth B and C 答案：D,10dream 1)vi. dreamt, dreamt) (1)做梦，梦见。 I dreamed t

24、hat I was flying to the moon. 我梦见我飞向月球。 (2)梦想，想到，常与not, little, never等连用，表示“想不到”。 I little dreamed of seeing you here. 真没想到在这儿见到你。,I never dreamed that you(should)have such great progress in this very short time. 我做梦也没想到你在这么短的时间内会取得这么大的进步。(that从句表示虚拟),2)n. 梦，梦想，是可数名词，表示一个梦，不统指“梦”或“做梦”。 I had a dream

25、 last night. 我昨晚做了个梦。 He often talks in his dreams. 他经常说梦话。 He used the phrase“I have a dream”many times. 他多次重复地用了一句话“我有一个梦想”。 注意：表示“做梦”，应说have a dream，不能说make/do a dream。,知识拓展 dream可用于dream a.dream的同源结构中。另外，常接同源宾语的动词有：smile, laugh, sing, live, sleep, dream, fight, die。,注意：同源结构不可用于被动语态。 口诀：微笑着歌唱生活；睡

26、梦中战斗到死。,即学即用 He never dreamed_becoming a scientist. Aof Babout C D.A or B 答案：D,11awake 1)vi. & vt.(awoke/awoken, awaked/awaked)醒，觉醒，唤醒 I usually awake at 6 in the morning. 我早上通常六点醒。 The ringing of the telephone awoke the baby. 电话铃把孩子给吵醒了。 2)adj. 警觉的，醒的，表示未入睡或醒着的状态；也可表示对有清醒的认识，可用于抽象含意，其反义词为asleep。,On

27、e woman was lying in bed, awake, listening to the rushing winds. 有位妇女正醒着，躺在床上静听着那迅疾而过的大风。 He is awake to the difficulties. 他明白这些困难。,词语辨析 awake与wake 1)awake用作形容词时，一般用作表语或后置定语，不能用作前置定语；用作动词时，既可作及物动词，又可用作不及物动词，但都不与up连用。 Some students awake read in bed by the moonlight. 有些醒着的学生在床上借着月光看书。 The telephone r

28、ing awakes(wakes up)the whole family at night. 电话铃在夜里吵醒全家人。,2)wake较为通俗，既可作及物动词，又可用作不及物动词，单独使用或与up连用。 When I woke/woke up, the sun was shining into the room. 我醒来时，太阳已照进屋里了。 I walked in quietly for I was afraid of waking him(up) 我静悄悄地走了进来，怕弄醒他。,即学即用 The storm kept me_all through the night. Aawoke Bawa

29、ked Cawake Dawoken 答案：C,1put down 1)把放下；写下 After he finished his exercise, he put down his pen. 他做完练习就放下笔。 Put down your name and address and well send you a free copy of the magazine. 写下您的姓名和地址，我们会给您寄去一份免费杂志。,2)使(飞机)降落；让某人下车 The plane put down there at noon. 飞机中午在那里降落。 The bus stopped to put down s

30、ome passengers. 公共汽车停下来让一些旅客下车。 3)镇压；扑灭；消灭 All the medical workers in the region helped to put down the bird flu. 这个地区的所有医务工作者都参加了消灭禽流感的工作。,Our cat was getting so old and sick that we had her put down. 我们的老猫病成这个样子，该把它杀掉了。 知识拓展 put an end to. 平息；停止；结束；消灭 put away 收起(放好)；储存(put aside) put aside 把放到一边；

31、储存(金钱)以备他日之需；不顾，忽视某物 put back 放回原处；向后移，拨回 put into practice 实施；付诸实践；实行，执行 put off 推迟；延期(delay),put out 扑灭；出版；伸出 put up with 忍受(bear/stand) put up 举起；安装；盖起；张贴,即学即用 You can take anything from the shelf and read, but please _ the books when youve finished with them. Aput on Bput down Cput back Dput off

32、 答案：C,2hold out 1)伸出，提出 She held out her arms to embrace the little girl. 她伸出双臂来拥抱那个小女孩。 Those were promises they had held out. 这就是他们提出的诺言。 2)(last)坚持下去，维持，继续(go on，意为使某一状态得以延续) How long will our food supplies hold out? 我们的贮粮还能维持多久？ I cant hold out much longerI must find a toilet. 我内急不能再久等了我必须找个厕所。,

33、知识拓展 hold back 阻挡；忍住 hold on 坚持下去，别挂电话 hold on to 抓住不放；保留 hold ones view 持有观点 hold ones tongue 住嘴 hold water 能够成立，站得住脚 hold downput down 镇压；压住 hold out forcontinue to demand 继续要求，坚持 hold out onrefuse to deal with 拒绝与来往 hold up 举作为范例；阻碍或延误；以武力或暴力威胁,Shes always holding up her children as models of beh

34、aviour. 她总是标榜自己的孩子是良好品行的榜样。 The workers are still holding out for higher wages. 工人们仍旧坚持更高工资。 Hes still holding out on me. 他仍然拒绝跟我来往。 The police were unable to hold back the crowd. 警方不能阻挡住人群。,She just managed to hold back her anger. 她总算抑制住了自己的愤怒情绪。 I dont think I can hold on much longer. 我觉得自己坚持不了多长时

35、间。 The little boy held on to his mothers hand tightly while they were crossing the street. 过街的时候，小男孩紧紧地抓住了他妈妈的手。,即学即用 (2010浙江明华中学三月考)So many people _him and he had to settle down in another town. Aheld out for Bheld out on Cheld down to Dheld up to 答案：B,3come up to 朝走过来 When he saw me, he came up to

36、 me at once. 他看见我后，立即向我走来。,知识拓展 come about 发生，产生 come across (偶然)遇见/发现 come from 来自 come on 赶快；加油 come true 实现，变为现实 come up 上前；被提出 come up with 提出 come out 出来；出版，发行；发芽；最后的结果是 come to 共计，达到；降临；财产归某人,His new book has come out.His new book has been published. 他的新书出版了。 How did the ball game come out? 球类

37、比赛结果如何？ Yesterday he came across an old friend in the cinema. 昨天他偶然在影院碰到一位老朋友。 His wish has come true. He has turned his wish into reality. 他的愿望实现了。,The pollution problem came up in the meeting yesterday. Someone came up with the pollution problem in the meeting yesterday. 昨天污染的问题在会上被提出来。 注意：come ab

38、out, come out, come true, come up等这些词组都是不及物动词词组，不能用于被动语态。,高考链接 Its already 10 oclock. I wonder how it_that she was two hours late on such a short trip. Acame over Bcame out Ccame about Dcame up 解析：A为“过去”；B为“出来”；D为“出现，到来”；C为“发生”。结合句意可知C项正确。 答案：C,即学即用 Four dollars a pair? I think its a bit too much. I

39、f you buy three pairs, the price for each will_to three fifty. Acome down Btake down Cturn over Dgo over 答案：A,4turn away 转脸而不面对某人或某物；拒绝看，把打发走，解雇 She turned away in disgust. 她感到厌恶而把脸转开。 He turned away a beggar. 他逐出一名乞丐。,知识拓展 turn up 开大，调高；找到；出现，到达 turn on 打开，开启 turn off 关闭，关掉 turn in 交还；上交(hand in)，睡

40、觉 turn out 证明(是)；结果是 turn to 向求助，求得安慰 turn over 考虑，思索 turn down 降低，减弱；拒绝 o reality 把变为现实,He asked Mary to marry him, but he was turned down. 他要求玛丽嫁给他，但是他遭到了拒绝。 Something unexpected turned up. 意料之外的事情发生了。 You should turn in what you have picked up. 捡到的东西要上交。 On a cold night, there was no one

41、to whom the poor girl could turn. 在一个寒冷的晚上，那个可怜的女孩找不到一个能帮助她的人。,高考链接 She is having a lot of trouble with the new computer, but she doesnt know whom to_. Aturn to Blook for Cdeal with Dtalk about 答案：A,即学即用 A clean environment can help the city bid for Olympics, which_will promote its economic developm

42、ent. Ain nature Bin return Cin turn Din fact Why does she always ask for help? There is no one else_， is there? Awho to turn to Bshe can turn to Cfor whom to turn Dfor her to turn 答案：CB,5keep/have ones eyes on. 1)注视，盯着 Rose kept her eyes on the portrait of her I had just painted. 露丝仔细看我刚给她画的肖像。 2)留心

43、，注意；照顾，看护 Keep an eye on the stove in case the coffee boils. 注意炉子，别让咖啡沸出。 Just keep your eyes on the children while I am out, will you? 我出去时请照看一下孩子们，好吗？,知识拓展 1)“看”的表达短语有： keep an eye on., fix ones eyes on., stare at. Please keep an eye on the road. 请看着路。 When the teacher came into the classroom, Tom

44、 was fixing his eyes on a novel. 当老师走进教室时，汤姆正在看小说。,2)keep的其他短语： keep a close watch on 密切注意 keep.in mind 记住，放在心里 keep up with 跟上，不落后 keep a firm/tight hold on 牢牢控制 keep ones head 保持镇静,3)eye的其他短语： an eye for an eye(and a tooth for a tooth) 以眼还眼(以牙还牙) the apple of ones eyes 最珍贵的东西，最喜欢的人 be all eyes 聚精会

45、神地看 have an eye for. 能欣赏 be in the public eye 受到公众的注意 catch ones eyes 引起某人的注意 close/shut ones eyes to 不理会，闭眼不见，视而不见,即学即用 All the students were all_at class, but Tom was keeping an_on a computer game. Aeye, eye Beyes, eyes Ceye, eyes Deyes, eye 答案：D,6cast about 寻找，搜索，想办法 She was casting about how she

46、 could avoid work. 她盘算着怎样才能逃避工作。 The dog is casting about for its supper. 这条狗正到处寻找它的晚饭呢。 知识拓展 cast away 遭遇海难而流落某地 cast down使心烦意乱，气馁，沮丧 cast off 解缆放船，解缆，抛弃，(编织衣物时的)收针 cast on (编织毛衣等)起针,即学即用 Dont be so cast _. Just keep up your spirits. Aup Bdown Caway Dabout 答案：B,7in shape “从形状上”，介词in表示“在某一方面”。 They

47、are different in interest. 他们喜好不同。 Children are weak in judgement. 儿童的判断力差。 The new machine is large in capacity, small in size and low in electricity. 这台新机器容量大、体积小、耗电量低。 The two international companies are working in cooperation with each other in the development of new software. 这两家跨国公司在开发新软件方面相互合

48、作。,知识拓展 in population 在人口上 in length 在长度上 in width 在宽度上 in height 在高度上 in colour 在颜色上 in age 在年龄上 in number 在数量上 in depth 在深度上 in character 在性格方面 in temperature 在温度方面,即学即用 Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly_size and shape. Aon Bfrom Cby Din 答案：D,1Will was stupefied with

49、exhaustion, and he might have gone on to the north, or he might have laid his head on the grass under one of those trees and slept.威尔累得脑子都木了，他本可以继续向北走，也有可能在某棵树下头枕草地昏昏睡去 本句是一并列句。首先and连接主体并列句，其次or连接并列句二中的两个并列分句。,知识拓展 1)(be)stupefied with 因疲劳、厌倦或吃惊等而昏昏沉沉，神志不清 He was stupefied with drink. 他醉得迷迷糊糊。 I was

50、 stupefied by what I read. 我读到的内容把我惊呆了。,2)might have done表示对过去可能发生的事情的推测。 That was too dangerous. You might have killed yourself. 那太危险了，你当时可能会丧命的。 即学即用 I wonder why Mr. Wang didnt attend the lecture. He _ another one. Acould have Bmust have Cmight have had Dshould have had 答案：C,2Of course, every cat behaved like that, but all the same Will felt such a longing to turn for home that tears scalded his eyes. 当然，所有猫都是那样的。尽管如此，威尔还是非常渴望回家，以至于热泪盈眶。 本句中含有such.that.句式，表示“如此以至于”；such后修饰名词，如果是单数可数名词，其顺序为：“sucha(n)形容词名词”。,知识拓展 so that, so.that, such.that用法小结： 1)so that “以便”“结果”，表