学术英语(学生资料)_Unit2.ppt

1、,Unit 2 Searching for Information,Unit Contents,1 Finding reliable and better sources 2 Scanning and skimming 3 Identifying topic sentences for information 4 Guessing word meaning 5 Using the organization of the text 6 Reading critically 7 Taking notes 8 Writing a summary,1 Finding reliable and bett

2、er sources,To evaluate source materials Tasks,Unit 2 Searching for Information,1 Finding reliable and better sources,To evaluate source materials,Is the material a primary or a secondary source? Is the source the latest one? Is the author a reliable scholar or an expert in the field? Does the author

3、 have biases or prejudices? Has the author been cited frequently in the field? Are the authors arguments supported by evidence such as statistics, experiment, recent scientific findings? Are different opinions considered and weighed or simply ignored ? Are the authors arguments and conclusions convi

4、ncing?,Unit 2 Searching for Information,1 Finding reliable and better sources,Tasks,Check the reliability of the sources. Search for source materials your paper may use and then write down the titles and sources of the articles. Mark the reasons for your choice of the articles.,Unit 2 Searching for

5、Information,2 Scanning and skimming,Tips for scanning and skimming Task 1 using scanning and skimming strategy,Unit 2 Searching for Information,2 Scanning and skimming,Tips for scanning and skimming,keep in mind at all times what you are searching for (e.g., the definition of a term, the effect of a

6、 phenomenon); search thesis statements and topic sentences in paragraphs for the information you want to gain; use the knowledge of the essay organization (such as cause-effect, comparison-contrast, problem-solution) to find what you are looking for; pay attention to signal words such as numbers, le

7、tters, steps, the words such as first, second, and next, or words that are bold-faced, italics, or in different sizes, fonts, etc.,Scanning:,Unit 2 Searching for Information,2 Scanning and skimming,Tips for scanning and skimming,the title and subtitles; the abstract (if there is one); the introducti

8、on and thesis; the first or last paragraphs of the essays/chapters; headings and subheadings; the conclusion and summaries; the first sentence or the last sentence of each paragraph; highlighted texts such as words in bold or italic text; graphs, tables or diagrams.,Skimming:,Unit 2 Searching for In

9、formation,3 Identifying topic sentences for information,Two parts of a topic sentence Task 1 Task 2 Task 3,Unit 2 Searching for Information,3 Identifying topic sentences for information,A topic sentence consists of two parts:,topic + a comment,Examples:,Unit 2 Searching for Information,4 Guessing wo

10、rd meaning,Guessing word meaning from context Guessing word meaning through affixes and roots Task 1 Task 2 Task 3,Unit 2 Searching for Information,4 Guessing word meaning,Guessing word meaning from context,Use restatement or synonym clues such as in other words, that is, also known as, sometimes ca

11、lled as. Use collocation knowledge to guess the meaning from the neighboring words in the sentences. Use antonym or contrast clues such as but, however, unlike, in contrast, instead of, while. Use definition clues such as is defined as, or an appositive phrase.,Context clues can be used in different

12、 ways:,Unit 2 Searching for Information,4 Guessing word meaning,Guessing word meaning from context,Use explanation clues such as because, as a result, consequently. Use example or anecdote clues such as for example, such as, like.,Context clues can be used in different ways:,Unit 2 Searching for Inf

13、ormation,4 Guessing word meaning,Guessing word meaning through affixes and roots,Many academic words, especially words and terms in disciplines are built up from roots that have a meaning.,Unit 2 Searching for Information,4 Guessing word meaning,1. multi- 多种的,multidisciplines (多学科), multicolor (多种颜色

14、), multisteps (多步骤), multiform (各种形式), multipurpose (多种目的),2. nano- 纳米,nanotechnology (纳米技术), nanorobot (纳米机器人), nanomachine (纳米机器), nanoscopic (纳米级), nanostructure (纳米结构),3. converg- 倾向，汇合,convergence (汇合、一致), divergence (分歧), verge (倾向), concord (和谐), concourse (合流), conferate (同盟),Unit 2 Searchin

15、g for Information,4 Guessing word meaning,4. struct 建筑,construct (构成)，structure (结构), reconstruct (重建), destruct (破坏), obstruct (阻隔), substructure (基础工程),5. nano- 纳米,manufacture (制造), manuscript (手抄本), manual (手工的), manage (处理), manipulate (操作), factory (工厂), facture (制成品),6. inter- 交叉,interdiscipli

16、nary (交叉学科), interplay (相互作用), interweave (相互交织), interdependent (相互依赖) , interaction (相互影响),Unit 2 Searching for Information,4 Guessing word meaning,7. insul- 隔离,insulator (绝缘体),insulate (隔离),insular (岛屿), insularity (偏狭), peninsula (半岛),8. semi- 半；duct 引导,semiconductor (半导体), semiconscious (半意识),

17、semiofficial (半官方), semitropical (亚热带), conduct (领导), induct (归纳),9. micro- 微小,microprocessors (微处理器), microwave (微波), microcomputer (微型电子计算机), microscope (显微镜), micrometer (测微计),Unit 2 Searching for Information,4 Guessing word meaning,10. simul- 相同,simultaneouosly (同时), simulator (模拟器), simulation

18、(模仿 ), simultaneity (同时性), simulate (假装),11. vers 转；vert 反,reverse (颠倒), obversion(转向), inverse (逆反), subversion (颠覆), convert (转变),12. auto- 靠自己,automatical (自动的), automate (自动操作), autonomous (自主), automobile (汽车), autobiography (自传),Unit 2 Searching for Information,5 Using the organization of the

19、text,Common text structures Task 1 Task 2,Unit 2 Searching for Information,5 Using the organization of the text,Common text structures are:,Problem and solution. (signal words: the problem is, the solutions are and so on.),Cause and effect. (signal words or phrases: because, for, due to, therefore,

20、as a result, consequently, one important factor/cause is, etc.),Comparison and contrast. (signal words or phrases: in comparison, however, similarly, by contrast, and so on.),Unit 2 Searching for Information,5 Using the organization of the text,Common text structures are:,Advantages and disadvantage

21、s. (signal words: on the contrary, compared with, the advantage is, etc.),Order and sequence. (signal words: first, second, then, additionally, etc.),Description and list. (signal words: for example, for instance, a good case in point is, etc.),Definition and classification. (signal words: the defin

22、ition is, can be divided / classified into, and so on.),Unit 2 Searching for Information,6 Reading Critically,How to read critically Task 1 Task 2,Unit 2 Searching for Information,6 Reading Critically,Critical reading means,recognizing an authors purpose; recognizing tone and persuasive elements; re

23、cognizing implicit bias.,Unit 2 Searching for Information,6 Reading Critically,The tone of ones writing indicates their feelings and attitude toward the topic being discussed. It reveals whether they are being playful or serious, humorous or somber, whether they are angry or tranquil, bitter or conf

24、ident. Through tone, their attitude toward what they are writing about and their relationship to their readers become clear.,Unit 2 Searching for Information,7 Taking notes,Unit 2 Searching for Information,7 Taking notes,Title: Author: Source: Main ideas: Main findings: Conclusion:,Unit 2 Searching for Informati