great scientists语言点.ppt

1、Language points,1. disability. n disable. v disabled. adj,disability既有可数又有不可数. 表示“残疾”用作可数，表示“无能，劳动能力丧失”用作不可数；disable表示“使残疾，使能力丧失”; disabled表示“残疾的，伤残的”，常用于the disabled 表“残疾人”,He was _ in the war and his _ prevented him from holding any job. An accident _ him from playing football.,disabled,disability

2、,disabled,2. ambition n. 野心;雄心;目标 ambitious adj.有雄心的;野心勃勃的 be ambitious for sth/to do sth对(做)某事怀有雄心/热切的希望 ambitiously adv.野心勃勃地 Eg: A boy who is ambitious/filled with ambition usually works hard.,完成句子: Mothers are often highly _(怀有热切的期望) their children. I am _(热切希望能成功) in life. His _(要做首相的雄心) is lik

3、ely to be realized.,ambitious for,ambitious to succeed,ambition to become prime minister,3. beneficial,beneficial adj 有益的;受益的 benefit n.利益, 好处vt.有益于, 有助于vi.受益 常见用法 be beneficial to 对什么有益 A benefit B 有益于. B benefits from/by A 受益于 be of benefit to 对有益 for the benefit of 为了 的利益,阳光对植物有益. Sunshine _plant

4、s. Sunshine _ _ _ plants. Sunshine _ plants. Plants _ _sunshine.,is of benefit to,benefits,benefits from,is beneficial to,4. In other words, there are not many people like me 。 in a word in word,in plain words have a word with sb. have words with sb. get in a word keep ones word break ones word,总而言之

5、,口头上,率真地说,和某人谈谈,和某人吵架,插话,守信用; 履行诺言,失信；食言,eat ones word,收回前言,向人道谦,5. clumsy (1)笨拙的,不灵巧的 You, clumsy guy！Youve knocked over my coffee！ 瞧你这笨蛋！你碰翻了我的咖啡！ (2)(对人)不灵巧的,不圆滑的 She is a clumsy girl. 她不是一个机灵的女孩.,be clumsy with sth / at doing sth 在方面不灵巧 He _ chopsticks. He _ chopsticks. 他使用筷子很笨拙,is clumsy with,i

6、s clumsy at using,4. Unfortunately, the doctors dont know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability. 不幸的是, 大夫们不知道如何治好我的病, 但是我很开朗乐观, 学会了适应身体的残疾。,考点1,1.Ihavenoideawhen_herthebad news. A. willtell B. telling C. tell D. totell,2. -Do you have the experience

7、 like that? -Well, Ive done the work before, so I know what_ in my new job here.A. expected B. expecting C. to expect D. to be expecting,3. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _. A. it what to do with B. what to do it with C. what to do with it D. to do what with it,

8、adapt (oneself) to sth. 使某人适应 adapt sth. for sth. 使适应, 使适合(新用途、新情况) adapt sth. for sb. 为某人改编(改写) be adapted from 根据改编(改写),考点2,Have a try,1) She found it difficult to _ herself to the new surroundings. A. adapt B. force C. fit in D. change 2) These are English story books _ Chinese students. A. adapt

9、ed from B. adapted for C. adapted to D. adapting for,adapt: 指修改或改变以适应新条件 adjust: 多指 “调整, 调节”使之适应 fit: 多指“大小适合”，引申为“吻合” suit: 多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、情况” match: 指“大小、色调、形状、性质”等相配或相称,辨析: adapt, adjust, fit, suit, match,1) You cant see through the telescope until it is _ to your eyes. 2) The shoes _ me well. 3)

10、A red jacket doesnt _ green trousers. 4) No dish _ all tastes. 5) You should _ yourself to the new environment.,adjusted,fit,match,suits,adapt,下列短语中的to为介词,接名词或名词短语,接动词时要接V-ing: adapt to; pay attention to; stick to; belong to; look forward to; be accustomed to; be used to; devoteto; object to; get do

11、wn to; thanks to; contribute to, etc.,1. - Car No. 8 won the race ! - Yes, but its driver came close to _ killed. A. be B. being C. having been D. have been I am accustomed to _ at seven in the morning. A. rise B. have risen C. having risen D. rising He devote himself _ the books on science. A. to r

12、eading B. to read C. in reading D. on reading,B,D,A,常与表示数量的词语搭配使用; 而at one time 指同时;曾经 一度 常用于过去时 译 一次吃两粒药 take two pills at one time take two pills at a time,误,正,7. at a time 每次,一次,短语辨析 at one time 意思是“从前，曾经”。 for a time 意思是“短时间内，暂且”。 at times 相当于sometimes，所表示的时间频率不够频繁，常译为“有时”“偶尔”。 at all times与all

13、the time都可用来表示强调时间的经常性与持续性，意思是“不停地，始终，一直地”此时两者通用。 at all times还有“无论何时”之意。 in no time 立即，很快,_I had it in mind to study law 我曾经想学法律。 You call borrow only two books _ 你一次只可以借两本书。 _，we watch TV 有时我们看电视。,At one time,at a time,At times,9. cut out 切掉,删掉,省略，停止 I cut this article out of the newspaper. 我从报纸上剪

14、下了这篇文章。 联想拓展 cut down 砍倒; 削减,压缩 cut up 切碎 cut off 切断, 停掉;隔绝, 挡住 Deserts are also created because people _ trees and dig up grass. 由于人们砍树挖草导致了沙漠的产生。 The flood _ their supplies.洪水切断了他们的供给。,用适当的介词填空 I must cut going to bed late. The car industry cut production. The woodchopper cut the tree and cut it .

15、 答案： out down down; up,7. it is difficult to know what the future holds.,很难知道将来会是什么样子。,（1）hold a meeting,举行；举办,(2) hold the same view.,持有；认为,（3）hold a knife in ones hand.,握着;抓住,(4)The box can hold all my clothes.,容纳;包含,Who knows what the future holds for us?,7. , when I got out of breath after runni

16、ng a short way or had to stop .,She lost her breath after ten minutes. 呼吸困难 2. “Rubbish!” he murmured under his breath. 低声说 3. Hold your breath and count to ten. 屏住呼吸 4. We can stop if you want, catch/get your breath. 5. Before you begin, take a deep breath and smile!,above ones breath 出声的,调整呼吸,深呼吸,

17、be short of breath at a breath in the same breath save a breath,上气不接下气,一口气的,异口同声地 同时地,喘口气,out of,control danger date sight touch work question the question,9. absence n.缺席;不在(某处) absence of mind心不在焉;神不守舍 absent adj.缺席的;不在的 vt.使缺席;使离开 be absent from缺席;不在 presence n.出席;到场 present（at） adj.出席的;在场的;现在的,完

18、成句子: Mr Green will be in charge _ (在我离开期间). Why were you _(旷课) yesterday?,during my absence,absent from school,11. My life is a lot easier at high school,比较级前的修饰语还有much, even, still, rather, far, by far, a little, a bit等。,How much _ she looked without her glasses! well B. good C. best D. better,You

19、are driving too fast. Can you drive _? more slowly a bit B. slowly a bit more C. a bit more slowly D. slowly more a bit,12. 翻译： The few who cannot see the real person inside my body do not make me annoyed, and I just ignore them.,还有些同学看不到我的内心世界，但是我 并不生气，只是不理会他们罢了。,10. annoy 使 不悦,惹 常见用法 annoy sb with

20、 sth / by doing sth 因使某人生气 be annoyed with sb. for/at (doing)sth. 对(某人)为(某事)而生气 be annoyed to do It annoys sb. that,这些苍蝇正使我感到烦恼. These flies _ me. 夜间不要大声唱歌,以免打扰邻居. Dont _ your neighbours _ singing loudly at night. 因为玛丽忘了给她打电话,她就很生玛丽的气. She _ Mary _ forgetting to phone.,are annoying,annoy,by,was anno

21、yed with,for,11. all in all总而言之 above all首先;最重要的是 after all毕竟;终究 first of all首先 not at all根本不;别客气 for all虽然;尽管 in all总共;总之,选词填空:all in all, above all, after all, for all, in all _her wealth, she is not happy. You must, _, be loyal to your country. There are five hundred books on the shelf _. Everyon

22、e makes mistakes, and _, he is only a child. The book has some weak spots, but _ I consider it a success.,For all,above all,in all,after all,all in all,14. 翻译： I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.,我的生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着为自己 忧伤。,巩固练习： 1 _production up by 60，the company

23、 has had another excellent year A As B For C With D Through 2 The weather_ so bad， we had to put the game off A. was B. is C. were D. being,3. The boy seated himself in the corner with his back _ to his father. A. turning B. to turn C. to be turned D. turned 4. There _ no classes yesterday，we paid a

24、 visit to the Great Wall. A. was B. being C. were D. had been,5. The problem _ ，the meeting came to the end. A. settled B. was settled C. have been settled D. settling 6. She was too nervous to speak with so many eyes _ on her. A. fixing B. fixed C. to be fixed D. were fixed,7. _，the girls raced on

25、to the second runners. A. Stick in hands B. With a stick in her hand C. Sticks in hand D. Sticks in hands 8. The boy lay on the ground，his eyes _ and his hands _ . A. being closed；trembling B. closed；trembling C. closed；trembled D. closing；trembled,Not far from the school there was a garden, _ owner

26、 seated in it playing chess with his little grandson every afternoon. A. its B. whose C. which D. that (1) He wrote a lot of novels, many of _ translated into foreign languages. A. itB. them C. which D. that (2) He wrote a lot of novels, many of _ were translated into foreign languages. A. it B. the

27、m C. which D. that (3) He wrote a lot of novels, and many of _ were translated into foreign languages. A. itB. them C. which D. that,(1) There I met several people, two of _ being foreigners. A. which B. them C. whom D. that (2) There I met several people, two of _ were foreigners. A. which B. whom

28、C. who D. that (3) There I met several people, and two of _ were foreigners. A. which B. them C. whom D. that,当 A as well as B的短语为主语时,谓语动词与A保持一致.如: His wife as well as his children was invited to the party. He as well as I wants to go boating. Air, as well as water, is needed to make plants grow. 空气

29、和水都是植物生长所必需的。 他是一个好老师，同时也是一个出色的足球球员。 He is a great teacher as well as a excellent soccer player.,12. As well as going to,as well 也,还,同样 常放句末作状语,前面不用逗号分开; 有时也放于句首,后面常用逗号分开. 如: I can see how English is used in everyday life as well. As well, I can see how English is used in everyday life.,13. make fun

30、 of = play a joke on sb. 取笑 Its bad manners to make fun of disabled people.,for fun/in fun为了玩乐;开玩笑地 have fun玩乐,make fun of sb. make a fool of sb. laugh at sb. play a joke on sb. play a trick on sb. tease sb about sth.,选词填空: make fun of, in fun, have fun The kids at school used to _ Jills clothes. Do

31、nt get upset. He said it was only _. We _ in camping last week. Its cruel to _ the disabled.,make fun of,in fun,had fun,make fun of,16. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.,要接受他们 ，给他们以鼓励，让他们能像你 一样过得丰富多彩、充实美满。,15. as rich and full a

32、 life,当 as, so,how等后面的名词是可数单数名词时,把形容词放在冠词之前.如:,so cold a day How clever a boy he is!,如果是复数或不可数名词,不能用as, so等,要用such. what,形容词须放在冠词之后.如: such interesting people such cold weather such an important meeting. What a clever boy he is!,as + 形容词+a/an +名词+as,11. Why has his fellow students conduct changed to

33、wards Marty? n. 行为；品行 他言行不一。 His conduct disagree with his words vt. conduct 指挥, 管理,进行,引导,传导(光、电等) conduct sb. to some place 带领某人去某地,conduct sb. around some place 带领某人参观某地 conduct /show ab. in/out 引领某人进来(出去) conduct oneself conduct a survey/an experiment 进行调查(实验) 派生词： n. (热或电等能量的)传导; 输送 n. 售票员; 管理者;

34、指挥;导体,举止; 表现,conduction,conductor,小试牛刀,1) He is respected by his colleagues because he always _ himself well. A. shows B. conducts C. praises D. reflects 2) As is known to all, rubber does not _ electricity. A. conduct B. carry C. take D. load,I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示, 写出各单词的正确形式。 I spilt your coff

35、ee. Sorry that was _ (笨拙的) of me. 2. Some people think children a_ to new environments more easily than adults. 3. John is the top student in our class and his m_ is “Work hard, play hard.”,clumsy,adapt,motto,Exercises,4. The doctor was examining the blood samples under the _ (显微镜) when he came in.

36、5. She was really _ (愚蠢的) to give up such a good position.,microscope,stupid,6. The little boy was anxious to join his f_ playing football in the playground. 7. You should buy some water _ (缸) for your fish rather than keep them in the bowls.,fellows,tanks,II. 用下列短语的正确形式填空。 adapt to adapt fromin oth

37、er words make fun of after all out of breath keep ones word,1) He has promised to help you and Im sure he _. 2) This novel _the Russian original for radio.,will keep his word,has been adapted from,3) Dont blame him too much. _, he is a small child. 4) Its bad manners _ the disabled people. 5) We ran

38、 so fast that we were _.,After all,to make fun of,out of breath,6) He is quick _ new circumstances. 7) Your performance in the driving test didnt reach the required standard_, you failed.,to adapt to,in other words,III. 根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。 他们请他走人, 也就是说, 他被解雇了。(in other words) 2. 我一路跑到学校, 上气不接下气。 (ou

39、t of breath),They asked him to leave in other words, he was fired. I ran to the school all the way and was out of breath.,3. 他有他的缺点, 但总的说来, 他是一个好孩子。(all in all) 4. 我不喜欢别人在公共场合取笑我。 (make fun of),He has his faults, but, all in all, he is a good child. I hate being made fun of in public.,他适应了伦敦寒冷的天气。 良

40、好的饮食对健康有益。 取笑残疾人是很残忍(cruel)的事。 他总来打扰(interrupt)我们，这使我很生气。 总的来说，他的健康状况(condition)大大好转。,He has adapted to the cold weather in London. A good diet is beneficial to health. Its cruel to make fun of disabled people. I am annoyed with him because he kept interrupting us. All in all, his condition is greatly improved.,1. in particular = particularly 特别地;特别是,especially 特别; 尤其 specially 特意地; 专门地,E.g. 1) It was a good concert - I enjoyed the last song in particular. 2) Was there anything in particular that you wanted to talk about? 3) Why do you choose that one