Basic writing.ppt

1、Miss Zhang Class 14,Basic writing (基本五大句型）,句子成分：,组成句子的成分叫做句子的成分，即： 主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。,主语：,1. Lucy is an American girl. 2. We study in Qien Middle School. 3. She is my sister. 4. They are having class now. 5. Eating more vegetables is good for health. 6. To go to college is my dream.,主语在句子说明的人或

2、事物，一般由名词、代词、动名词或不定式短语来充当。,谓语：,1. We love China. 2. Mike hopes to be a doctor. 3. His parents are farmers. 4. I feel tired.,谓语说明主语做了什么，是什么，怎么样。,谓语由动词充当，主要可分为两种：及物动词（vt）和不及物动词（vi）。,宾语:,1. He often helps me. 2. We study English at school. 3. I love watching TV. 4. He broke his legs last night.,宾语表示动作的承

3、受者，一般由名词, 代词,不定式, 动名词来充当。,表语：,1. Her aunt is a driver. 2. He is excited. 3. We were at home last night. 4. These Zongzi taste delicious. 5. The flowers look beautiful.,位于系动词后的成分成为表语，一般由名词、代词、形容词、介词短语充当。,1. 系动词be。 2. 表感官的系动词。如look, sound， taste, smell, feel, seem, appear等. 3. 表变化的系动词。如become, get, tu

4、rn, grow, come, go, fall, run等。 4. 表持续的系动词。如remain, keep, stay, stand, rest, lie, hold等。 5. 可带名词作表语的系动词。如be, become, sound, prove, remain等。,系动词：,定语:,1. He is a clever boy. 2. I have something important to tell you. 3. China is a developing country while the USA is a developed one. 4. Is this a washi

5、ng machine?.,定语是用来修饰名词、代词成分，若置于被修饰语后面则称为后置定语。一般由形容词、名词或非谓语形式等来充当。,宾语补足语：,1. He made us laugh. 2. We keep the classroom clean. 3. They call supper dinner. 4. He asked her to help.,宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语的身份，状态和特征等，一般由形容词、名词, 非谓语形式等来充当。,五大基本句型,1. 主 + 系+ 表 （S + V + P）,1. We are friends. 2. He is in good health.

6、3. It sounds a good idea. 4. The book is boring. Her dream is to become a lawyer. The reason for my failure is that I hadnt put my heart in my study.,请用“主语+系动词+表语”句型翻译下列句子。 这个男子是中国人。 2. 怀特先生很健康。 3. 电梯坏了。 4. 她感到很开心。 5. 她的工作是在幼儿园照顾孩子。,The man is Chinese.,Mr. White is very healthy.,The lift is out of o

7、rder.,She feels very happy.,Her job is to look after children in the kindergarten.,2. 主 + 谓 （S + V ）,1.They arrived. 2. The sun rises. 3. An accident happened. 4. I live in Lufeng. He talked to me just now.,请用“主语+不及物动词”的句型翻译下列句子。 昨晚下雨了。 2. 我们努力学习。 3. 四年前我住在广州。 4.2008年5月12日，四川汶川发生了一场大地震。,It rained la

8、st night.,We study hard.,I lived in Guangzhou four years ago.,An big earthquake broke out in Wenchuan Sichuan Province on May 12, 2008.,3. 主 + 谓 + 宾 （S + V +O）,Mary enjoys music. 2. He loves her. 3. I want to get your help. 4. The old man enjoys living in the countryside. 5. I dont think hes right,请

9、用“主语+及物动词+宾语”句型翻译下列句子。 1.他拒绝了他们的帮忙。 2.我想喝杯茶。 3.他经常在早上读英语。 4.我写了一封信。 5.他完成了计划。,He refused their help.,I would like a cup of tea.,He often reads English aloud in the morning.,I wrote a letter.,He finished the plan.,3. 主 + 谓 + 双宾 （S + V + IO + O）,1. Tom left Mary a message. 2. This will save you much t

10、ime. 3. He wrote me several letters. 4. We call her Alice.,1. 主+及物动词+物(直宾)+to+人(间宾),He offered her a job. He wrote me several letters. Tom left Mary a message.,He offered a job to her.,He wrote several letter to me.,Tom left a message to Mary.,间接宾语前要用to的常用动词有：give, tell, lend, sell, teach, send, wri

11、te, show, return, bring, pass, leave, offer, hand等。,2. 主+及物动词+ 物(直宾)+for+人(间宾）,Mother made the little girl a dress. His father bought him a computer. He sang me a song.,Mother made a dress for the little girl.,His father bought a computer for him.,He sang a song for me.,间接宾语前加介词for的动词有：buy， choose,

12、get, make, order, sing, do, play, save等。,3. 主+及物动词+人(间宾)+of+物(直宾)。如： They robbed the old man of his money. Hes warned me of the danger.,直接宾语前加介词 of 的动词有：cure, convince (使信服), deprive (剥夺)inform, rob, rid (摆脱, 赶走, 清除), warn。,请用“主语+及物动词+双宾”的句型翻译下列句子。 1. 他买了一份礼物给他妈妈。 2. 太阳给了我们光和热。 3. Mr Smith教我们数学。 4.

13、那个老人给我们指路。,He bought a gift for his mother.,The sun gives us light and warmth.,Mr. Smith teaches us Math.,The old man showed us the way.,5. 主 +谓 +宾+宾补（S + V + O + C）,即时练习：请用“主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补”句型翻译下列句子。 1.这个消息让我很伤心。 2. 我们要使学校变得更美丽。 3. 妈妈叫我寄信。 4. 我要你把真相告诉我。 5.我们发现他很自私。,The news made me sad.,We must make o

14、ur school more beautiful.,My mother asked me to post the letter.,I want you to tell me the truth.,We found him selfish.,句型归纳,( )1. The meeting starts at seven. ( )2. Their English books are here. ( )3. Mr Smith teaches my brother English. ( )4.Tom loves sports. ( )5.The train is on the way. ( )6.He

15、showed me the difference between the two pictures. ( )7.We all consider him a good student. ( )8.In the afternoon, we reviewed our lessons. ( )9.My parents dont allow me to go out at night. ( )10.I saw a boy playing in the street.,一、句型识别：判断下列简单句的类型。 主+系+表 B.主+谓 C. 主+谓+宾 D.主+谓+双宾 E. 主+谓+宾+宾补,综合运用。 用简单句翻译下列各句, 然后通过适当添加细节和关联词 将其合成5句话的连贯的短文 1.这是我的妈妈。 2.她是一个普通的家庭妇女。 3.刚才她坐在那里。 4.她在看电视。 5.我感到意外。 6.她在哭泣。 7.什么事情可以让她高兴？ 8.我给她讲了个滑稽可笑的故事。 9.她情不自禁的笑了起来。,合并： This is my mother, an ordinary housewife. Just now, she w