ch19_Death, Dying, and Bereave.ppt

1、Development Through the Lifespan,Chapter 19 Death, Dying, and Bereavement This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: Any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; Preparation of any derivat

2、ive work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; Any rental, lease, or lending of the program.,Phases of Dying,Agonal phase Suffering in first moments body can no longer support life Clinical death Heart, breathing, brain stopped, but still can resuscitate Mortality Permanent

3、death,Defining Death,Brain death All activity in brain and brain stem stopped Irreversible Persistent vegetative state Activity in cerebral cortex stopped Brain stem still active,Death with Dignity,Communication with and care of dying person: Assurance of support Humane, compassionate care Esteem an

4、d respect Candid about certainty of death Information to make end-of-life choices,Concept of Death,Permanence Inevitability Cessation Applicability Causation,Childrens Understanding of Death,Most develop adultlike concept of death by middle childhood Factors that affect understanding Experience with

5、 death Religious teachings Candid, sensitive discussion with adults,Adolescents Understanding of Death,Logically understand death, but problems applying idea to their real lives High-risk activities Conversations with parents promote understanding,Discussing Death with Children and Adolescents,Take

6、the lead Listen perceptively Acknowledge feelings Provide facts Be culturally sensitive Joint problem solving,Adulthood andUnderstanding of Death,Death Anxiety,Cultural Variations Religious teachings Westerners - spirituality, meaning of life,Individual Variations Personal philosophy of death Consis

7、tency of religious beliefs and practice Symbolic immortality Age Gender,Age, Gender, and Death Anxiety,Kbler-Rosss Theory,Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance,Appropriate Death,Makes sense with persons pattern of living, values Preserves or restores significant relationships Free of sufferi

8、ng As much as possible,Communicating withDying People,Be truthful Diagnosis Course of disease Listen perceptively Acknowledge feelings Maintain realistic hope Assist final transition,Factors That Influence Thoughts About Dying,Cause of death Nature of disease Personality Coping style Family members

9、behavior Health professionals behavior Spirituality and religion Culture,Places of Death,Home Most preferred Only 2025% die at home Hospital Emergency room Intensive care unit Cancer care unit Hospice,Hospice Approach,Comprehensive support for dying and their families Family and patient as a unit Te

10、am care Palliative (comfort) care Home or homelike Bereavement help,Forms of Euthanasia,Advance Medical Directives,Living Will Specify unwanted treatments Durable Power of Attorney for health care Appoint someone to make health care decisions,International Public Opinion onVoluntary Active Euthanasi

11、a,Assisted Suicide,Doctor provides drugs for patient to use Legal in few nations, only in Oregon in U.S. Few use .1% in Oregon Highly controversial About half disapprove Some find option comforting,Grief Process,Avoidance “Emotional anesthesia” Confrontation Most intense grief Restoration Dual-proce

12、ss model of coping with loss Alternate between dealing with emotions and with life changes,Grieving Sudden or Prolonged Deaths,Sudden, Unexpected Avoidance from shock and disbelief May not understand reasons Suicide especially hard,Prolonged, Expected Anticipatory grieving Allows emotional preparati

13、on Reasons usually known,Difficult Grief Situations,Parents losing a child Children or adolescents losing a parent Adults losing an intimate partner Bereavement overload,Bereavement Interventions,Resolving Grief,Death Education,Courses in death and dying Offered at many educational levels Lecture format Increases discomfort Experiential format Role playing, discussions, guests, field trips May reduce death anxiety,Goals of