情态动词+have_done的用法(1).ppt

1、“情态动词+have done”的用法,“情态动词+have done”也可称为“情态动词+完成体”，此句型既可以用来表示对过去所发生事情的一种推测，也可以用来表达其它含义。它的用法是情态动词语法中的一个难点，又频受历年高考题的青睐。,一、 “must+have+done”,表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。 1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant.,二、 “cant+have+done

2、”,表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。 1. Mr. Smith cant have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 2. Mary cant have stolen your money. She has gone home.,三、 “can+have+done”,表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过吗？”。 1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 2. There is nowhere to find the

3、m. Where can they have gone?,四、 “could+have+done”,是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。意为“本来可以” He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 用于肯定句中表“可能已经” They could have walked to the station;it was so near.,五、 “may+have+done”,表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。 What has happened to George?

4、 I dont know. He may have got lost.,六、 “might+have+done”,表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。 1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. (MET90) 2. She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances.,七、 “would+have+done”,虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会”。 1

5、. I would have told you all about the boys story, but you didnt ask me. 2. Without your help, I wouldnt have achieved so much.,八、 “should+have+done”,意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。” “shouldnt+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。 1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday. 2. Look,

6、 Tom is crying. I shouldnt have been so harsh on him.,九、 “ought to+have+done”,表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做”，往往表示遗憾。与“should+have+done”用法基本一样。 I ought to have gone home last Sunday. You ought not to have given him more help.,十、 “need+have+done”,表示本来需要做某事而没有做。“neednt+have+done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了” I neednt have

7、bought so much wineonly five people came. He need have hurried to the station. In that case, he wouldnt have missed the train.,总结：,Can/could have done“本来能够做而没做” Cant/couldnt have done “不可能做了” May/might have done “可能做过” Must have done “肯定做了” Should have done “本来应该做”(实际上没做) = ought to have done Should

8、nt have done “本来不应该做”（实际上做了） =ought not to have done Need have done “本来需要做” Neednt have done“本来不需要做” Would have done“本来会” Wouldnt have done “本来不会”,【经典考例1】 The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I _ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. (2006江西) A. should have taken B. could have taken C. n

9、eednt have taken D. mustnt have taken 【经典考例2】 As you worked late yesterday, you _ have come this morning. （2006陕西） A. maynt B. cant C. mustnt D. neednt,1. Harry _ have won the Physics competition easily yesterday, but he gave up. A. could B. might C. should D. must 2. He paid for a seat, when he _ h

10、ave entered free. A. couldB. wouldC. mustD. need,I didnt see her in the meeting room this morning. She at the meeting . A. mustnt have spoken B. mightnt have spoken C. couldnt have spoken D. shouldnt have spoke,- Hi, is that Peter Brown? -Sorry. You _ the wrong number . A. must dial B. must have dia

11、led C. should dial D. should have dialed He is not poor. You _ have lent him the money. A. cant B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt,There was plenty of time. You _ have hurried. A. wont B. mustnt C. neednt D. couldnt,I _ here in time, but I met an old friend of mine. I stopped and talked with him for some time. A. shouldnt have come B. must have come C. neednt have come D. could have come,They _ have finished the work ye