unit4 the man in the water

1、,The Man in the Water,Unit 4,Contents,Warm-up,Sing a Song Do You Know? ,Hero Theresaheroifyoulookinsideyourheart Youdonthavetobeafraid ofwhatyouare Theresananswer ifyoureachintoyoursoul Andthesorrowthatyouknow willmeltaway Andthenaherocomesalong Withthestrengthtocarryon Andyoucastyourfearsaside Andy

2、ouknowyoucansurvive Sowhenyoufeellikehopeisgone Lookinsideyouandbestrong Andyoullfinallyseethetruth thataheroliesinyou,To be continued on the next page.,Sing a Song,Itsalongroad whenyoufacetheworldalone Noonereachesoutahand foryoutohold Youcanfindlove ifyousearchwithinyourself Andtheemptinessyoufelt

3、willdisappear Andthenaherocomesalong Withthestrengthtocarryon Andyoucastyourfearsaside Andyouknowyoucansurvive Sowhenyoufeellikehopeisgone Lookinsideyouandbestrong Andyoullfinallyseethetruth thataheroliesinyou,To be continued on the next page.,Sing a Song,Lordknows dreamsarehardtofollow Butdontletan

4、yone tearthemaway Holdon therewillbetomorrow Intimeyoullfindtheway Andthenaherocomesalong Withthestrengthtocarryon Andyoucastyourfearsaside Andyouknowyoucansurvive Sowhenyoufeellikehopeisgone Lookinsideyouandbestrong Andyoullfinallyseethetruth Thataheroliesinyou!.,The end of Sing a Song.,Sing a Song

5、,What makes a hero? Can you name some heroes? What do you think that makes them heroes? Have you ever tried to find a hero in yourself? Do you think every ordinary person can be a hero if he wants to?,II. Do You Know?,The end of Do You Know?.,Warming up,Do you know of any disaster(s) that happened i

6、n recent years or recently? When disaster happens, what do we usually want to know? We sometimes identify some heroes in disasters. What do you think about them?,Author The Air Crash Washington, D.C. Presidential Monument Potomac River Ralph Waldo Emerson,Background Information,Contents,Roger Rosenb

7、latt is a journalist, author, playwright and professor. As an essayist for Time magazine, he has won two George Polk Awards, and awards from the Overseas Press Club and the American Bar Association.,Author,The end of Author.,On Jan. 13, 1982 one of the worst snowstorms in the history of Washington,

8、D.C. hit the city. Just about everything closed downthe government, businesses, schools, the airports. By about noon, the skies cleared and Washingtons National Airport reopened for business. The crew of Air Florida Flight 90 began preparing for a nonstop trip to sunny Fort Lauderdale, Florida. At 3

9、:59 p.m., the twin-engine Boeing 737 was cleared for takeoff and began rumbling down the runway on its final flight.,The Air Crash,To be continued on the next page.,Minutes later, the plane smashed into the 14th Street Bridge, only 1,200 yards from the Pentagon, destroying four automobiles and killi

10、ng five people. The jet then fell into the ice-covered Potomac River, bringing all the passengers to their instant death except fivefour passengers and one flight attendantfrom the tail section, who found themselves gasping and struggling in the icy waters.,The Air Crash,To be continued on the next

11、page.,These five people however survived and they were able to survive because of four heroes. The author wrote this essay in praise of these heroes, three of whom had risked their lives to rescue the survivors and were able to live to tell the story, but the man that really held the whole nations a

12、ttention was the fourth one who had kept pushing his lifeline and flotation rings to others until he went under.,The Air Crash,The end of The Air Crash.,Background,The Disaster,Aircraft type: Boeing 737-222 Operator: Air Florida Passengers: 74 Crew: 5 Date: January 13, 1982 Type: Crash on takeoff Ac

13、cident site: Washington, D.C. Fatalities: 78 (4 on ground) Injuries: 10 Survivors: 5,Background,The Disaster,The Rescue Site,Washington, D.C.,To be continued on the next page.,The end of Washington, D.C.,Washington, D.C.,Washington,Capitol hill, Washington,Central Washington University,华盛顿学院Washingt

14、on College,George Washington University,University of Washington,Washington DC,Washington(华盛顿市),Winter-Sunset-Mount-Rainier-National-Park-Washington,华盛顿公园实景Washington Part,IV. Presidential Monument,In recognition of his leadership in the cause of American independence, Washington earned the title “F

15、ather of His Country”. With this monument, the citizens of the United States show their enduring gratitude and respect for the first President of the United States.,Washington Monument,To be continued on the next page.,Jefferson Memorial,Thomas Jeffersonpolitical philosopher, architect, musician, bo

16、ok collector, scientist, horticulturist (园艺学家), diplomat, inventor, and third President of the United States, also author of the Declaration of American Independence, and Father of the University of Virginia,To be continued on the next page.,IV. Presidential Monument,The end of Presidential Monument

17、.,Lincoln Memorial,The Lincoln Memorial is a tribute to President Abraham Lincoln and the nation he fought to preserve during the Civil War (1861-1865). The Lincoln Memorial was built to resemble a Greek temple. It has 36 Doric columns(陶力克柱), one for each state at the time of Lincolns death. A sculp

18、ture by Daniel Chester French of a seated Lincoln is in the center of the memorial chamber.,IV. Presidential Monument,Lincoln Memorial,V. Potomac River,The end of Potomac River.,The Potomac River is often referred to as the “Nations River”, because it flows through the nations capital, where the mag

19、nificent monuments of the Washington, Jefferson, and Lincoln memorials are reflected in its waters. It is one of the most beautiful and bountiful rivers on the East Coast and is known for its historic, scenic and recreational significance. It begins as a small spring at the Fairfax Stone in West Vir

20、ginia, and winds its way through the mountains and valleys of Appalachia, past battlefields and old manufacturing towns. The river flows more than 380 miles and grows to more than 11 miles wide as it reaches the Chesapeake Bay at Point Lookout, Maryland.,Potomac River,Afternoon on Potomac River,Poto

21、mac River Bridges,Sunset on the Potomac River,VI. Ralph Waldo Emerson,Ralph Waldo Emerson (18031882) is one of the most famous American essayists, poets and philosophers. Known as a transcendentalist, his main themes are individualism, independent thinking, self-reliance, idealism and the worship of

22、 nature. His works include Nature, Self-reliance, American Scholar, Overload and many other essays and poems.,To be continued on the next page.,VI. Ralph Waldo Emerson,Transcendentalism: a philosophy/doctrine that knowledge may be obtained by a study of the mental processes, apart from experience. 先

23、验哲学： 认为不必依赖经验仅研究心智活动即可获得知识的学说。,To be continued on the next page.,Text Analysis,The Man in the Water,Unit 4,Text Analysis,Theme,What are the possible themes of the article? heroism moral power in time of crisis,Text Analysis,Structure,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part I: Main Idea,What was unusual

24、 about this air crash? Did it make the disaster more special than others? What is the aesthetic crash? Is it really so? What was the cause of the air crash? What did people actually see in the disaster?,As go(es), ,compared with the average. 就来说 As writers go, Oscar Wilde was not the most talented,

25、but he was among the most popular. $40 a ticket isnt bad as football tickets go.,strong, sudden movement of wind,With a sharp and loud noise, Washington, the neatly well-designed city of order was thrown into a terrible confusion.,the city that is neat and beautiful,a sharp, loud and forceful strike

26、 of the plane and the bridge, stressing what met the ear,Washington, the city of form and rules, turned chaotic by a blast of real winter and a single slap of metal on metal. (Para. 1),disordered state of unformed things,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Paraphrase,slap n. a quick hit with the flat of

27、 the hand or other flat object. v. to hit someone with the flat part of the hand or other flat object.,a slap in the face,an action that insults or upsets someone,a slap on the back,a slap on the wrist,an action that shows praise for sth. you have done,a gentle warning or punishment 略予申斥,Guess It wa

28、s a real slap in the face for him when she refused to go out to dinner with him. The judge gave Minna a slap on the wrist for not wearing her seat belt. Her husband has been slapping her around, but shes afraid to go to the police. When her ideas were rejected, she slapped her report (down) on the t

29、able.,an action that insults or upsets someone 耻辱,a gentle warning or punishment,hitting sb. repeatedly,put sth. somewhere with a slapping noise,And there was the aesthetic clash as wellblue and green Air Florida, the name of a flying garden, sunk down among gray chunks of ice in a black river.,the

30、combination of different colors which look very bad,thick, solid piece or lump,Paraphrase,When the air crash occurred, it was not just a clash of metal against the bridge, but also a clash between colors: the blue-green color of the plane and the gray and black color of the ice and river.,Translatio

31、n,这其中还有视觉美学冲击蓝绿相间的“佛罗里达号”（这一名字象征着空中花园）伴随着巨大的灰色断石坠入幽暗的河水中。,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Examples This is not his best book, to be sure, but it is still worth reading.,to be sure indeed, certainly,Translate 必须承认，绝大部分的人是遵纪守法的，但违法活动依然是个问题。,Key To be sure, most people are law abiding, but crime remain

32、s a problem.,Still, there was nothing very special in any of it, except death, which, while always special, does not necessarily bring millions to tears or to attention.,Verbless structure, “although (it is) always special,possibly but not certainly,make millions cry or attract millions of peoples a

33、ttention,Verbless Structure,Paraphrase,This air crash has only one element death, which was special in any disastrous accidents. However, death may not be the only factor for sure making millions cry or attracted millions of peoples attention.,Verbless structure with subordinate conjunction （带连词的无动词

34、句）,从属连词+名词词组,从属连词+形容词词组,从属连词+介词词组,从属连词+副词词组,Whatever the reason, his cordiality to her has won him a friend.,Although always helpful, he was not much liked by people.,When in Rome, do as the Romans do.,He spoke ungraciously, if not rudely.,Practice 1. Although he was a lawyer by training, he became

35、a great soldier. 2. We shall continue our policy, whatever your objections may be. 3. He arrived too late to help us whether he did it by accident or by design.,Example Two drivers were killed in a head-on collision between a car and a taxi last night.,collision n. (collide) an accident that happens

36、 when two vehicles his each other with force.,Examples a tricky question which left him groping for an answer scientists groping blindly after the secrets of the atom,grope v. (about / for / after sth.) feel or search about for sth. as one does in the dark.,Translate 她在床头柜上摸索着找眼镜。,Key She groped for

37、 her glasses on the bedside table.,Examples In the exam she rose to the occasion and wrote a brilliant essay.,rise to the occasion / challenge / task, etc to show oneself able to deal with an unexpected situation, problem有随机应变、克服困难、完成任务等的能力,Paraphrase,Translate 如果可能，你可依靠他来应付这个局面。,Key You can depend

38、on him to rise to the occasion, if possible.,And on that same afternoon, human naturegroping and struggling in mysteries of its ownrose to the occasion.,Paraphrase,On that same afternoon, human nature, searching for the flotation rings and struggling in the icy water, came to prove its greatness dis

39、played in an unexpected tragedy.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part I: Words (2) be relevant to sb. / sth. concern sb. / sth. (3) turn to sth. / sb. for information,Practice The new salary scale(薪级表) only refers to company managers and directors. In her autobiography she occasionally refers to her

40、 unhappy schooldays. I referred to my watch for the exact time. When I said some people are stupid, I wasnt referring to you.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,delivering every heros line that is no less admirable for being repeated.,to make a remark. e.g., to deliver a speech, to deliver a lecture.,p

41、araphrase,Skutnik gave a remark that has been said before by many people in similar situations, but it is still admirable.,equally,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,But the person most responsible for the emotional impact of the disaster is the one known at first simply as “the man in the water”,to be

42、 the reason/cause for,how this disaster has moved people,to be called,paraphrase,The man who is known as “the man in the water is the main reason for the great impact of the disaster. / The people of the nation were greatly moved by this disaster mainly because of the man who is at first just known

43、as “the man in the water.”,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,be alert to sth. attentive and quick to think or act.,Example Parents should be alert to sudden changes in childrens behavior. An anonymous letter alerted police to the possibility of a terrorist attack at the airport.,on the alert against /

44、 for sth. watchful and prepared,Translate 警方警告群众警惕涉嫌的恐怖分子。,Key Police warned the public to be on the alert for suspected terrorists.,More to learn,alert sb. to sth. make sb. aware of sth.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,This man was described by Usher and Windsor as appearing alert and in control. E

45、very time they lowered a lifeline and flotation ring to him, he passed it on to another of the passengers.,the ability to think and act calmly and efficiently, especially in an emergency,to give sb. sth. that another person has given you.,lifeline: a rope used to rescue people at sea flotation ring:

46、 some kind of life-belt or life-preserver (救生工具）,paraphrase,The man appeared to be able to think quickly and clearly, to be calm and with perfect presence of mind. Every time the rescue team lowered him a lifeline and flotation ring, he never kept it for himself, he handed it to another passenger.,T

47、ext Analysis,Detailed Analysis,“In a mass casualty, youll find people like him,” said Windsor.” But Ive never seen one with that commitment.”,paraphrase,We can always find heroic people like him when a large number of people were hurt in an accident because although not everyone is a hero, theres bo

48、und to be a fair representation of heroes in a big crowd. But Ive never seen anyone with such a strong sense of responsibility.,a strong sense of responsibility or loyalty,large number of people hurt or killed in an accident,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,anonymous a. made or done by someone whose

49、name is not known or not made public.,Example He received an anonymous letter threatening to disclose details of his affair if he didnt pay the money. For reasons of personal safety, the informant wishes to remain anonymous.,anonymity n. state of being anonymous,Translate The police have reassured w

50、itnesses who may be afraid to come forward that they will be guarantee anonymity.,Key 对于那些害怕出庭作证的证人，警方让他们放心确保决不透露姓名。,More to learn,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,His selflessness was one reason the story held national attention; his anonymity another.,paraphrase,The fact that the man in the water w

51、ho had displayed such heroism did not leave his name and no one was ever able to find it out was another reason why the whole nation felt so touched by this story. It showed that the man was a very ordinary citizen. It also proved that he did all these not for fame or anything.,attracted the whole n

52、ations attention,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,paraphrase,The fact that nobody could find out the identity of this person really made him a representative man, like everyone of us could do. We may feel that it might have been anyone.,The fact that he went unidentified gave him a universal characte

53、r.,remain in an unknown state,gave him a universal quality;,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,For a while he was Everyman, and thus proof (as if one needed it) that no one is ordinary.,paraphrase,Notice that the word “Everyone” is capitalized. It conveys the idea that this anonymous man really represe

54、nts the best of human nature. What he did was not the act of a supernatural being, but the act of an ordinary person. Yet, the author says here that “no man is ordinary”, because every person is an individual moral entity and is capable of rising to the occasion and making history.,Text Analysis,Det

55、ailed Analysis,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part II: Words that made us think of him all the time; Attention to the different tense of “keep”.,Translation,不过，在我们的这个人身上还有一点让我们对他难以忘怀，并至今仍对他念念不忘。,He was there, in the essential, classic circumstance.,Understanding What does “the essential, classic ci

56、rcumstance” refer to?,What happened that day was a typical situation in which nature and man fought each other. And when nature begins to show its power, you always find man fight back. He is always there. We can always expect to find such a hero.,Essential: basic, typical, the most important Classi

57、c: very traditional or frequently met in the past,So the age-old battle began again in the Potomac. For as long as man could last, they went at each other, nature and man.,fought Eg: Those companies went at each other like hungry wolves.,the traditional idea that human civilization is a record of ma

58、ns gradual conquest of nature,What does the sentence underlined mean?, the one making no distinctions of good and evil, acting on no principles, offering no lifelines; the other acting wholly on distinctions, principles and , perhaps, on faith.,Understanding,Nature is indifferent. It does not have a

59、ny idea what is good or what is bad for human beings, and it does not care. It has no moral principles. Human beings, on the other hand, are different. They have moral standards. They have feelings. They care and they love. Therefore they are able to choose between right and wrong.,In reality, we believe the opposite, and it takes the act of the man in the water to remind us of our true feelings in this matter.,Understanding,Actually, the death of the man did not mean that human