高考英语七选五解题技巧和方法共59页共59页

1、Welcome to our English class,七选五任务型阅读解题技巧,（Gap-filling）,基于主旨大意的任务型阅读解题指导,题型解读,选材特点：300词左右的说明文或议论文，正文240词左右，选项60词左右 设空类型：标题类、段落主题句类、过渡句类、细节类 选项特点：完整句子，按长度排列。,考察重点,主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。(考试说明),Main idea of the text,Logic of the context,（Gap-filling）,Part I Experiencing,Part II Sharing,Part I

2、II Applying (应用),Part IV Summarizing (总结),Part V Enhancing (提高),1.How to get the main idea of the a text? The title The first paragraph The last paragraph 2.How to get the main idea of each paragraph? The first sentence (topic sentence) The last sentence (topic sentence),Main idea of the text:,Five

3、suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight,Topic sentence of each paragraph:,Schedule yearly exams,Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight.,P.1:,P.4:,P.2:,P.3:,P.5:,Protect against UV rays.,_.,Give your eyes a break.,P.6:,Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses.,Schedu

4、le yearly exams. 36 Experts advise parents to bring babies 6-12 months of age to the doctor for careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses. A. Eat your greens. B. Eye care should begin early in life. G. Parent

5、s usually dont care about their own eyesight.,Sharing and discussing,干扰项,Top sentence,人生的早期=6到12个月的婴儿（同范畴）,From my experience, there are three main reasons why people dont cook more often: ability, money, and time. 36 Money is a topic Ill save for another day. So today I want to give, you some wisdo

6、m about how to make the most of them time you spend in the kitchen. Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule: （14年课标全国2） Try new things. Ability is easily improved. G. A little time planning ahead can same a lot of work later on.,干扰项,同词复现,top sentence,Summary: 七选五解题技巧1： 词汇复现 1）复现：作者

7、在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。 复现关系：原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现、派生词复现等。 2）同范畴词：是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。,Protect against UV rays(紫外线). Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, its extremely important to wear sunglasses. 37 B. Eye care should

8、begin early in life. C. They can properly protect your eyes.,top sentence,代词线索,Give your eyes a break. Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. 37 Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second brea

9、k and look at something 20 feet away. F. Always follow the doctors advice for appropriate wear. G. This frequent eye activity increase the risk for eye tiredness,top sentence,代词线索,干扰项,Summary: 七选五解题技巧2： 代词提示 代词是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。,it:单数名词或整个句子； they/them:复数名词； one:单数可数名

10、词； that:不可数名词或句子； this:单数名词或句子； these/those:前句的复数名词。, 39 As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins (维生素) C and E help protect eyesight and promote dye health. A. Eat your greens. D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.,top sentence,篇章结构,干扰项,小标题，简明,P.5:,_39_.

11、,Schedule yearly exams,P.4:,P.2:,P.3:,Protect against UV rays.,Give your eyes a break.,From my experience, there are three main reasons why people dont cook more often: ability, money, and time. 36 Money is a topic Ill save for another day. So today I want to give, you some wisdom about how to make

12、the most of them time you spend in the kitchen. Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule: （14年课标全国2） Try new things. Ability is easily improved. G. A little time planning ahead can same a lot of work later on.,干扰项,同词复现,top sentence,Summary: 七选五解题技巧3：,1）考察空为小标题，则根据所在小段落的内容进行总结归纳。注意标题

13、的简洁性！,2）若考察空非小标题，则根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略,如果问题在段首 通常是段落主题句。根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。如果问题在段尾 通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。,Practice safe wear and care of cantact lenses (隐形眼镜). Ma

14、ny Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. 40 otherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition. F. Always

15、 follow the doctors advice for appropriate wear. G. This frequent eye activity increase the risk for eye tiredness.,top sentence,代词线索,转折关系,Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. _40_（15年北京） E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-contro

16、l that helps people stay calm and attentive. F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand. G. Therefore, its a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when youre in the daydream zone.,因果关系,过渡性句子可以从细节逻辑上判断可分为： A, 并列关系：First(ly

17、),Second(ly),.；First, then/next,.；In the first place， in the second place.;for one thing,for another thing ,.；then /next ,finally/last 等。 B, 递进关系：besidefurther ,furthermore ,moreover ,whats more , in addition ,as well , to make matters worse ,not .but. ,not only .but also等。 C, 解释例证关系：for example ,fo

18、r instance ,in fact/as a matter of fact ,actually ,in other words /that is to say 等,Summary: 七选五解题技巧4（逻辑关系）：,D, 因果关系： so /therefore ,thus ,consequently(结果） ,as a result (of), so/ such .that .,so that .等 E, 转折对比关系：but, however , yet ,while /though ,or /otherwise ,on the contrary ,instead, nevertheles

19、s（然而）, still ,yet, on the contrary ,in contrast / comparison 等 F, 概况归纳关系：in short , in brief , in summary ,generally speaking ,in general , to conclude ,in conclusion, in a word ,on the whole , to sum up 等。,Enhancing the skills by Practicing,Conclusion,纯空格试题 考点: 连词,两个句子间没有句号或分号，也没有连词，空格填 _。分析句子结构, 由

20、句子之间的逻辑关系来决定是_还是_；分清主句与从句,弄清从句在整个句子中作何种成分，确定是_、_ 还是_.,连词,并列连词,从属连词,定语从句,名词性从句,状语从句,Practice Makes Perfect!,fill in the blank,七选五高考题型,给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有7个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。,考试题型,考察重点,主要考察考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）,七选五解题技巧,方法,看文章结构 找关键词 找逻辑关系 排除法,Step 1 Structure 文章结构,Be an in

21、ventor The biggest secret about inventing is that anybody can do it! Perhaps this sounds crazy, but its true. Maybe you have the wrong idea about inventing, so read on to discover the truth.,What to expect at high school Are you super worried about what to expect at high school? Well, guess what? Ev

22、eryone is! The following tips will help guide you safely through your first day!,Spring picnic With spring in full swing, theres no better way to celebrate the season than with a picnic.,大标题,大标题短小精悍，大写,1,小标题短小精悍，结构一致,Be on time When meeting someone for . Introduce yourself and ask for names Make sur

23、e you properly. Smile! Its the easiest way to let someone know that youre nice! Be fun! Listen! ,小标题,2,Smile! Its the easiest way to let someone know that youre nice! Be fun! Listen! _ Ask people who take classes with your questions about what they study today. A. Change! B. Ask a question! C. Class

24、 work is a great icebreaker. D. Say “hello” and see what happens. E. And dont just talk about yourself all the time. F. Even the shyest person can manage a little smile. G. We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel happy.,B,2,Be fun!,_ Think about the people you most enjoy being withu

25、sually they are always on the up and up. Being fun makes people happy and brightens the way they think of you. It makes you seem like you truly love life and you can deal with any problems that you have to face. Change! Ask a question! Classwork is a great icebreaker. Say “hello” and see what happen

26、s. And dont just talk about yourself all the time. Even the shyest person can manage a little smile. We all prefer spending time with people who make us feel happy.,G,段首概括文段，与小标题相呼应。,3,How fast can a home remodeling(改造) project be completed? _ At least, thats the time requirement of the popular TV s

27、how called Trading Spaces. About 48 hours. Wow! Thats great! But you didnt see that on the show. They loved redecorating their neighbors place. It sometimes takes several months to remodel a home. But one couple in Portland, Oregon, hated their new room. The people who appear on the show are actors

28、and they enjoy the experience.,4,A,段中 承上启下,They work a lot more. Almost every extremely successful person works more hours than the average persona lot more. They have long lists of things they want to get done. _ They avoid the crowds. They are never too proud. Decide where you want to end up. So t

29、hey have to put in lots of time. Keep in mind selling isnt controlling. Successful people dont try to win just one race. But youll work a lot harder if there is no other choice.,5,D,段尾总结，承上启下,小结一 Structure 文章结 构,大标题 小标题 段首 段中 段尾,1,5,4,3,2,Step 2 Key words关键词,1,Before you shake hands with somebody, m

30、ake sure that your hands are clean. The handshake should not be too strong or weak. Most people use their right hands, unless they have a reason to use the left._ It could be a similar taste in clothes or a common hobby. Youll be in serious trouble if you leave them with a bad impression. However, d

31、ont have your left hand in your pockets because this appears impolite.,C,同词重复,2,A birthday surprise Nathan woke up early and raced into the kitchen. He saw his family preparing their breakfast just like every other day._ Where was his birthday cake? Did his family forget his special day? And there w

32、as nobody. Where were his birthday presents? All he saw was a not no the ground.,B,同构复现,3-4,Dont forget to wear a helmet(头盔) Whether youre a beginner or an expert, youre going to fall, and sometimes youre going to fall hard. “I went down to one run that was pretty hard,” Nate, a skiing learner, says

33、, “_3 ” You dont have to buy a lot of expensive and new gear(装备) Some skiers who owned nice winter jackets couldnt go on the trip. 4 “I have a neighbor who let me borrow some of his gear. That was very helpful,” says 13-year-old Matt Rizer. Dont worry about falling. I felt like I was learning pretty

34、 quickly. I fell down and I was glad I was wearing a helmet. Dont think that you ski well enough not to wear a helmet. So they lent their clothes to other skiers.,C,E,同畴词,同构词,同构词,fall fell （不同时态） beauty beautiful act action （不同词性） mate roommate police policeman （相同词根）,同畴词 （畴：范畴）,jacket(夹克) clothes (

35、衣服) 夹克是衣服中的一种。 如：fruit： apple, orange, banana furniture(家具)： bed, table, armchair sports: running, swimming, jumping,类别,具体,5,Sometimes kids are glad to hear a “no” from their parents._ There are two types of parents love. It seems a happy feeling to get out of parents control.,近义词,B,When we change o

36、ur jobs or schools, it often leaves us without a friend. _ But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage. Making new friends comes easy for some people. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.,6,A,反义词,小结三 Key words 关键词,同词重复 同构复现（相同句型结构，相同词不同结构） 同畴词 近义词 反义词 ,Tip: 就近原

37、则,Step 3 Logical relationship 逻辑关系,1. _ However, the real movie capital is Mumbai(孟买市), in India. A. Sometimes they even write the script by hand. B. Most people think the capital of the movie is Hollywood, in the USA.,B,转折,2. _ This is because some people have certain qualities, which others do not

38、. A. Some people succeed, while others may not. B. As the famous saying goes, “No pains, no gains.”,A,因果,3._ In the other words, when you are in love with someone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that person. A. Another proverb says “Love is blind.” B. Proverbs are found in most cultures an

39、d are often very old.,A,解释,4. Taking good notes is a time saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways._ Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. A. You must write your notes on separate paper. B. First, the simple act of

40、writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember.,B,并列（顺序）,小结三 Logical Relationship 逻辑关系,转折 因果 解释 并列（顺序） ,常见的逻辑关系词 并列： also, too, then, and, as well as, not onlybut also, first, second, firstly, next, for one thing, for another thing, eitheror, neithernor 因果： for, because, b

41、ecause of, such, since, as, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, as a result, consequently, so,转折： however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, though, yet, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, conversely, otherwise, but, while

42、. 解释： in fact, actually, for example, in other words, as a matter of fact, that is to say.,递进： further, furthermore, more over, whats more, besides, in addition, not onlybut also,Step 4 排除法,(市一模) Focus on what you love to do together. The gift you choose should tell a story Think about their interes

43、ts and hobbies. The gift you choose should be something that is close to his or her heart _38_ You will want to strike the right balance between a gift that is popular but also unique to them Check out what is hot. Stay within your budget. So, can you find them as a gift that is memorable and yet practical enough to be used daily?,排除法与其 他方法相结合,Lets review 回顾,Methods 方法 Steps 步骤,Lets try!,Tips for Cooking on a Tight Schedule （14年全国卷） From my experience, there are three main reasons why people dont cook more often: ability, money and time, _36_Money is a topic Ill save f