British-Culture.ppt

1、British Culture,The United kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,Scotland, England , Wales Northern Ireland,o,Temperate Maritime Climate温带海洋性气候,Mild westerly wind from the Atlantic ocean and warm drift of gulf stream help the oceanic influences penetrate inland more efficiently.,雪莱： Ode To T

2、he West Wind 西风颂 -“O, wind, if winter comes, can spring be far behind?”,summer在英语常有温和，美好的意思。如 Youth like summer morn.青春如夏日朝霞； The summer flower is to the summers sweet. 夏天的花朵是芳香郁馥。,莎士比亚在他的一首十四行诗中把爱人比作夏天。 Shall I compare thee to a summers day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate.能否把你比作夏日璀璨？你却比炎夏更

3、可爱温存。,天气多变： 国外有climate，在岛国只有weather,频繁出现彩虹景观,An English summer, three hot days and a thunder storm.英国夏季天三炎热，然后一次雷雨。 Under water, famine; under snow, bread.水没庄稼，来年饥荒；雪覆农田，面包在望。 It never rains but it pours 不雨则已，一雨倾盆。 for a rainy day未雨绸缪” as right as rain。像下雨那样正确。,主食,Milk and bread A bakers wife may bi

4、te of a bun. 一个面包师的妻子可以吃面包 (a brewers wife may bite of a tun) God gives the milk, but not the pail. 上帝赐牛奶,桶要自己买.,to set on bread 开饭 a bread and butter job.饭碗 earn ones bread 谋生. half-baked 夹生饭，比喻不成熟 The milk is spilt 覆水难收 bread is the staff of life 面包为生命支柱,与海洋有关的习语,a drop in the ocean 沧海一粟“ plain sa

5、iling “一帆风顺”； all at sea“ 不知所措”； between the devil and deep sea 进退两难 While it is fine weather mend your sail 未雨绸缪 keep ones head above water 管理好个人、理好财,on the rocks 触礁、濒临毁灭 go with stream 随波逐流 A small leak will sink a great ship 小洞不堵,大船要沉 In deep water. 在水深火热中 To sink or swim. 不论成败 See how the land l

6、ies. 观察形势,与fish 有关的习语,big fish (大亨) dull fish(枯燥无味的人) a poor fish .倒霉的人 A cold fish 冷淡的人 Shy fish. 羞怯的人 Fresh fish.新囚犯 eat no fish 忠诚,make fish of one and flesh of another喻厚此薄彼, 偏爱一方 drink like a fish 狂饮如鱼，一醉方休。 Never teach a fish to swim 不要班门弄斧。 Fish or cut bait. 要么好好干，要么别干。 To feed the fishes. 葬身鱼

7、腹 A big fish in a small pond 矮个里拔大个（小地方的大人物）,e.g. Id rather be a big fish in a small pond than a small fish in a big pond. 宁为鸡首，不为牛后。,加德纳BFLPE理论， 大鱼小池塘效应：（big-fish-little-pond-effect）： the self-concept of students is negatively correlated with the ability of their peers in school.,古典建筑,Big Ben-伦敦市的标

8、志 英国的象征 The House of Parliament-英国的政治中心 内部结构充分体现了君主立宪制 Buckingham Palace-英国王室的象征 Westminster Abbey-英国皇家教院 St. Pauls Cathedral-伦敦的宗教中心建筑,巴洛克风格 Tower of London-哥特式的风格 一个世纪的历史,大本钟 big ben,英国伦敦著名古钟或称大本钟(Big Ben)，即威斯敏斯特宫报时钟（坐标：513002.2N, 000728.6W）英国国会会议厅附属的钟楼，建于1859年。安装在西敏寺桥北议会大厦东侧高95米的钟楼上，钟楼四面的圆形钟盘，直径为

9、6.7米，是伦敦的传统地标。,英国议会大厦 The House of Parliament,依泰晤士河而建的议会大厦（the Houses of Parliament）是英国的政治中心。它不仅外表雄伟壮观、内部装饰华丽，而且其建筑结构和内部设计也能充分地体现世界上最古老的君主立宪政体。,白金汉宫 Buckingham Palace,白金汉宫(Buckingham Palace）英国的王宫。建造在威斯敏斯特城内，位于伦敦詹姆士公园（St. James Park）的西边，1703年为白金汉公爵所建而得名，最早称白金汉屋，意思是“他人的家”。,民众在白金汉宫门外观看阳台上的威廉王子和凯特米德尔顿,英

10、国威廉王子和凯特米德尔顿举行婚礼,伦敦塔桥,伦敦塔桥是从英国伦敦泰晤士河口算起的第一座桥(泰晤士河上共建桥15座)，也是伦敦的象征，有“伦敦正门”之称。该桥始建于1886年，1894年6月30日对公众开放，将伦敦南北区连接成整体。,伦敦塔(Tower of London)始建于千年前。近五百年却是用作监狱直到上世纪。,附近的塔桥(tower bridge),威斯敏斯特教堂 Westminster Abbey,威斯敏斯特大教堂坐落在伦敦泰晤士河北岸，原是一座本笃会隐修院，始建于公元960 年，1045年进行了扩建，1065年建成，1220年至1517年进行了重建。斯敏斯特教堂在1540年英国国教

11、与罗马教廷决裂前，它一直是天主教本笃会即天主教的隐修院修会之一的教堂，1540年之后，一直是伦敦的国家级圣公会教堂。,Westminster Abbey: nave中殿,圣保罗大教堂(St.Pauls Cathedral)，坐落于英国伦敦，位于伦敦泰晤士河北岸纽盖特街与纽钱吉街交角处，巴洛克风格建筑的代表，以其壮观的圆形屋顶而闻名，是世界第二大圆顶教堂，它模仿罗马的圣彼得大教堂，是英国古典主义建筑的代表。,圣保罗大教堂 St. Pauls Cathedral,戴安娜王妃的婚礼大典在圣保罗大教堂举行,教堂的圆顶,中殿，诗班席,地室里南丁格尔纪念碑,第三层俯瞰Tate现代艺术馆,圣保罗大教堂和千僖

12、桥,伦敦大火纪念碑 The monument,大英博物馆 British Museum,大英博物馆（British Museum），又名不列颠博物馆，位于英国伦敦新牛津大街北面的大罗素广场，成立于1753年，1759年1月15日起正式对公众开放，是世界上历史最悠久、规模最宏伟的综合性博物馆，也是世界上规模最大、最著名的博物馆之一。博物馆收藏了世界各地的许多文物和图书珍品，藏品之丰富、种类之繁多，为全世界博物馆所罕见。,University of Cambridge,剑桥大学（University of Cambridge）位于英格兰的剑桥镇，是英国也是全世界最顶尖的大学之一。英国许多著名的科学

13、家、作家、政治家都来自于这所大学。剑桥大学也是诞生最多诺贝尔奖得主的高等学府，88名诺贝尔奖获得者曾经在此执教或学习，70多人是剑桥大学的学生。,剑桥大学还是英国的名校联盟“罗素集团”（Russell Group of Universities）和欧洲的大学联盟科英布拉集团（Coimbra Group）的成员。,University of Oxford,建校于1167年。位于英国的牛津大学具有世界声誉，它在英国社会和高等教育系统中具有极其重要的地位，有着世界性的影响。英国和世界很多的青年学子们都以进牛津大学深造作为理想。,英国人的性格,Conservative Solitary indiffe

14、rent Gentle Humorous exclusive Fond of animal,1.conservative,John Bull 建筑 天气 房子 wig,John Bull -阿布斯诺约翰牛传 （the history of John bull),His ruddy countenance and stout figure made him look a genuine John Bull. 他面色红润，身材胖硕，看起来就是个典型的约翰牛了,对比 Uncle Sam,fireplace,wig,Solitary -我的家就是一座城堡，风可以进来，可未经我允许，任何人，就是国王女皇

15、也不许进入 Good fences make good neighbours 墙高出睦邻,indifferent Tolerant Gentle，polite,humorous,At dinner in a great country house, one of the guests drinks too much wine, and slumps across the table. The host rings for the butler and says: “Smith, could you please prepare a room. This gentleman has kindly

16、 consented to stay the night.”,one hill walker to another: “Its only six miles by the map, yet your navigation made it ten.” “Yes, but doing it in ten gives one a much greater feeling of accomplishment.”,Sir, if you were my husband, I would poison your drink.Madam, if you were my wife, I would drink

17、 it.Exchange between Lady Astor and Winston Churchill ,exclusive,Truth on this side of the Channel error on the other. 真理在他们一边，错误在别人一边 称赞：So English 住在有英国侍者的旅馆 不愿意学他国语言,歧视外族的词汇体现,French 无礼，下流，低级，肮脏，粗俗的代名词。 Take French leave 不辞而别。 Peddlers French 盗贼的黑话。 French letter口语“避孕套”,淫秽画片是”法国明信片“ 牛肉的味道如何：煮的的像个

18、法国人.,莎士比亚亨利六世：Done like a Frenchman, turn and turn again.干事真像个法国佬，说变卦就变卦。,Dutch act 自杀 Dutch luck 横财 Dutch wife 由藤或竹编制而成的睡觉用具,Chinese slavery 名副其实的苦役。 A Chinese attack 喧嚣、混乱的进攻。 A Chinese landing 飞机坠毁。 Chinese whispers 英国人之间的传话或传递消息,Italian hand 干涉 Spanish athlete 胡说八道 Greek trust 不讲信用,酷爱动物,Love me

19、love my dog A cat may look at a king A dark horse,video,If You Havent Been To a Pub, You Havent Been to Britain.,Pub Culture,Visitors to Britain may find the best place to taste local culture is in a traditional pub.,British Pub,(Ye Olde Dolphin founded in 1530 in Derby),如果一个生活在公元10世纪的人从墓中惊醒，他在英国这片土

20、地上可以识别的东西只有两样- 教堂和酒吧 人类没有哪一项发明能像酒吧那样带给人类如此多的欢乐-塞缪尔.约翰逊,Public Bar,Saloon Bar,Classification of Pubs,1 Public Bar,talk drink dance play games listen to music,to promote sociability in a society known for its reserve.,1 Public Bar,2 Saloon Bar,Peaceful and quiet Expensive For higher level,nickname,Pub

21、lic house The ale house烈性麦酒屋 The inn小酒馆 The tavern酒馆 The gin palace杜松子酒馆,英国式的名字,如“国王的头”、“皇冠与铁锚”、“国王的橡树” The Queen Vic（维多利亚女王）、 Lamb and Flag（羊羔与旗）、 The Bull and the Woolpack（牛和羊毛包）、 The Rose and Crown（玫瑰与王冠）、 The Fishermans Cot（渔夫之床）、 The Sailors Return（水手归来）、 Duke William（威廉公爵）等。,Bitter 苦啤酒颜色较浓，带苦味

22、。英国最具代表性的啤酒。 Mild 青啤酒苦味与酒度比苦啤酒低，颜色比普啤酒深的一种深褐色。 Pale Ale 淡色啤酒瓶装的苦啤酒，酒精浓度高，碳酸气足，颜色很浅。 Strong Ale 烈啤酒有生啤，瓶啤两种。发酵时间长，酒精度较高。 Stout 黑啤酒最黑最烈的一种啤酒,在卖芽中加入大量的酒花制成。 Lager 淡啤酒即一般我们喝的啤酒，在英国各个酒馆均有售。,1Most pubs have no waiters -you have to go to the bar to buy drinks.,This may sound inconvenient, but there is a hi

23、dden purpose. Standing at the bar for service allows you to chat with others waiting to be served.,Pub Ceremony,2 if you are in a big group, it is best if only one or two people go to buy the drinks.,3 there is no formal line-up -the bar staff are skilled at knowing whose turn it is.,Amazingly for t

24、he British, who love queues!,Talk generally about the weather, the beer or the pub and at an appropriate moment, offer to your newfound companion a drink.,Typical expressions,At the counter,The barman or barmaid might say to you“Ice and lemon ?” Order your drink“Hello. Two pints of lager and a Tetle

25、ys Bitter, please. Tip a barman or barmaid“would you like a drink yourself?”,4Between you and your friends,Normally people go to a pub with other people, and its common for one person to offer to buy drinks for the others at the beginning. If one of your British friends or business contracts buy the

26、 first round, you should be quick to offer the next.,At the table,Ask if you can buy a drink for someone“Do you want a drink?” or “What can I get you?” Reply to someones to offer to buy you a drink “Can I have the same, please?” or “Im fine, thank you.” Ask to buy the next round “Its my round, what are you having?”,Typical expressions,Always say “please” and Be polite and respectful. Tipping is not expected.,5Between you and the staff,British pub,People who keep them waiting for a long time. People who