江苏省苏州市昆山市中考英语二轮专项复习 阅读理解课件.ppt

1、中考复习-阅读理解,题材 社会文化、风俗习惯、政治经济、历史地理、 科学技术,广告、通知、操作说明、表格、新闻报道、 应用文、说明文、议论文、记叙文,阅读材料,特征 近年来中考阅读理解文章的选材在整体上体 现了“原汁原味，语言地道；联系生活，反映 实际；主题向上，态度积极”的特点。,体裁,A篇. B C D B B篇. A D C A C篇. B B C A D篇. D B C D E篇. D C D C F篇. B C A D D,答案校对,题型典例及解题技巧,常见的命题形式： 1. Which of the followingis TRUE? 2. The fourth paragraph

2、 mainly tells us that _. 3. .because they can _. 4. 用When,Where, What, How, Who, Why, How many等引导的特殊疑问句要求判断细节。,（一）事实细节题,考查： 考查考生对某个具体事实或某个特定的细节是否理解。,【例题解析】,典例：（南通中考）,D,A,B,D,由文章最后两段细节信息可直接得知，当我们用两只眼睛看事物时，可以更好地判断出距离。,【例题解析】,典例：（台州中考）,B . Every day, we spend time filling the necessary tasks bottle wit

3、h useful things, like making money, doing housework, buying food and paying bills. We then fill another bottle with voluntary tasks. These are things that we do for others, but we may not enjoy them. This bottle gets filled with tasks like taking children to activities, cooking family meals, and doi

4、ng laundry. Those bottles are very important. If we dont fill them each day, our family wont run properly. . ()5. Which activity belongs to a necessary task according to the passage? A. Going to work though it is raining heavily. B. Buying a birthday gift for your good friend. C. Having a yard sale

5、to raise money for sick kids. D. Sending your son to a piano lesson on Sunday.,A,由文章第二段第一句可直接得知，necessary tasks包括making money, 与选项A下大雨也去上班赚钱相符。选项B、C、D均为voluntary tasks.,【例题解析】,F A long time ago, there lived a very old man. He was so old that he could not see or hear very well. He also could not walk

6、 very well, or eat very well for his hand shook. The old mans son and daughter-in-law thought he might make trouble at table. So, they had him eat his meals in the corner of the kitchen without a table. . ()21. The son and his wife made their father eat in the kitchen to _. A. teach their son a good

7、 lesson B. stay away from trouble C. punish him for his shaking hand D. give him peace and comfort,典例：（ 绵阳中考）,B,由文章第一段可得知，连词so引导结果状语从句，所以前一句即是原因。 故选B。,【例题解析】,1. 认真分析题干和选项中的关键词。 2. 在文章中寻找细节，在下面划线做标记。 3. 忠于原文，将三个错误选项都勾画出错误的地方。,解题技巧：,（二）猜测词义题,常见命题形式： 1. The word “” in the passage is close to _. 2. What

8、 does the word “ . ”mean? 3. The underlined word in Paragraph 6 means_. 4. The word “”refers to _.,考查： 名词、动词、短语或者句子的含义。,1、根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测。 2、通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜词。 3、有时生词会用定语（从句）、表语甚至于用逗号、 破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明。 4、正确答案常蕴藏在原文该词出现前后。,解题技巧：,典例：（ 南通中考）,C . “I said nothing to the old couple about itBut，through a g

9、randchild，they found it outThough they never said a word to me on the matter，they mourned the bird and buried（埋葬）itI could never look them in the face afterwardsOh，I had told them how sorry I was! . ( ) 9The underlined word“mourned the bird”in Paragraph 10 means“ ” Awere not willing to throw the bir

10、d away Bshowed sadness for the loss of the bird Cpunished me for the death of the bird Dtook care of the birds family members,由后文“and buried it 埋葬了它”可推断他们很同情这只鸟，在为鸟默哀，所以是对鸟的死亡表现出难过，故选B。,B,【例题解析】,典例：（台州中考）,it为指示代词，指代前文所提到的“time flies by”。也就是说我们需要时间来做使我们快乐的事情。故选D。,D,【例题解析】,B . However, we often forget

11、 to fill the third bottle - the happiness bottle that we fill with activities that make us happy. Is your happiness bottle sometimes empty at the end of the day? Between doing all the necessary and voluntary tasks, time flies by, and before we know it, it is time for bed. We all have days like that.

12、 . ()6. What does the underlined word “it” mean in the third paragraph? A. We require enough time to fill the necessary tasks bottle. B. Necessary and voluntary tasks are less important. C. All the three bottles are filled to top at the end of the day. D. We need time to do something to make ourselv

13、es happy.,D . They first cut an apple into the shape of an ear. Then they used a special way to take out the apples cell and make it a scaffold. The team then added human cells to the apple, and watched it grow. “You can implant these scaffolds into the body, and the body will send in cells and a bl

14、ood supply and actually keep these things alive,” Pelling said during a Ted Talk speech. The team put the apple scaffold inside a living mouse and the mouses cells slowly took over the pieces of apple. . （ ）14. The underlined word “implant” in Paragraph 7 probably means _. A. pick B. put C. produce

15、D. protect,典例：（ 连云港中考）,B,【例题解析】,由连词and连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可以推测为“放入、植入”的意思。故选B。,近三年我市中考阅读理解主要题型分布,(三)推理判断题,常见命题形式： 1. What can we infer from the passage ? 2. The writer suggests that _. 3. From the passage, we can infer that _. 4. In the writers opinion, a good school should _. 5. The writers attit

16、ude toward “” is _.,考查： 考查透过表面的文字信息，对某些深层次情节经过分析、综合、归纳，作出合乎逻辑的推理。,解题技巧： 1. 以原文内容为前提，透过现象看本质，领悟作者 思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。 2. 与原文相同的细节不能选。 3. 文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断。,典例：（ 南通中考）,E . No one knows the future of globalizationMost experts agree that it will continue to grow and have an increasingly greater influenc

17、e on peoples lives in the future ( )20. What can we infer（推断）from the passage？ AGlobalization is sure to do good to people BGlobalization will be limited in the future CGlobalization may change peoples lives in the future DGlobalization will be loved throughout the world,根据全文最后一句可知“大多数专家认为全球化将持续增长并在

18、未来对人们的生活产生更大的影响。”可知全球化将会改变人们的生活。故选C。,C,【例题解析】,典例：（ 镇江中考）,D . Now Pelling is thinking of other fruit, plants or vegetables to use. He says that the shape of flower petals could be perfect for repairing skin. And asparagus(芦笋) could fix a broken spine(脊柱). Now, Pelling and his team are trying hard to

19、put these crazy ideas into reality. ()16. From the last three paragraphs, we can infer that Pelling will experiment with other fruit, plants or vegetables _. A. to make human ears B. to repair burnt skin C. to fix a broken spine D. to make human body parts,D,根据本文最后三段可知，选项A、B、C均为片面信息，不能概括实验的目的。而且它们都是

20、原文相同的细节，不能算是推断。故答案是D。,【例题解析】,F . The old mans son and daughter-in-law looked at one another and without saying a word started crying. The two quickly brought their old father to their dinner table. From that day on, the old man sat with the family when they had their meals. Even when the old mans fo

21、od fell here and there, the son and the daughter-in-law did not say anything. ()24. The end of the story suggests the old man would _. A. no longer drop his dishes B. continue to eat in the kitchen C. stop shaking his hands while eating D. live a comfortable life in the family,典例：（ 绵阳中考）,根据本文最后一段可知，

22、老人与家人一起在餐桌吃饭，并且食物掉的到处都是，他的儿子和儿媳也不会再说什么。故答案是D,【例题解析】,D,常见命题形式：,1. Whats the main idea of the passage ? 2. This passage mainly tells us about _ . 3. The authors purpose in writing this text is _ . 4. Which can be the best title for the passage? 5. Whats the topic of the text?,（四）主旨大意题,考查： 考查考生对文章的主题、标

23、题、中心思想的理解程度及辨别主要信息和次要信息的能力。,解题技巧： 1. 找准主题句。文章头、尾两段。每段首句、尾句。 2. 根据文章意思全面理解而归纳。 3. 不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。 4. 干扰项可能是文中某个具体事实或细节，也可能是 文中某些(不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的错误结论。,B The way we spend our time can be divided into three “bottles”. These are the necessary tasks bottle, the voluntary（自愿的）tasks bottle and the happines

24、s bottle. . Will your activities bring joy to your life? Or are the other two tasks eating up all your time? Try to find ways to achieve a balance between how you fill your three bottles. At the end of the day, hopefully weve done all we can to make sure that our happiness bottle is filled. （ ）8. Wh

25、ich of the following is the best for “ ” in the last paragraph? A. Make sure to fill all the three bottles. B. So consider how your time will be spent. C. People will have more happy activities. D. Its not enough to fill the happiness bottle.,A,典例：（ 浙江台州）,文章开头和结尾讲的是我们应装满三个“瓶子”，并努力找到方法来平衡三者的关系。由此推断出作者是要人们将三个瓶子都装满。故选A。,【例题解析】,F . “Why are you making it?” The son answered. “So that I can fill it with you and mothers food when I grow up.” The old mans son and daughter-in-law l