名词性从句和虚拟语气.ppt

1、By Miss Huang,Welcome!,名词性从句,名词性从句,一、相关概念 二、种类 三、常见引导词 四、七大常考考点 1.thatwhatwhich 2.it形式主语、宾语的用法 3.语序问题 4.同位语从句和定从的区别 5.whatwhatever6.ifwhether 7.虚拟语气问题 五、2007年高考定语从句和名词性从句考题,一.相关概念,1.名词：表示人或事物的名称的词 2.名词的句法作用：名词在句中主要作 主语,宾语,表语和同位语。另外还可以作定语,状语。 3.名词性从句： 在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主 语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫:

2、 名词性从句。,1.When we will start is not clear. 2.Mrs Black wont believe that her son has become a thief. 3. My idea is that we should do it right now. 4.I had no idea that you were her friend.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,二、 名词性从句的种类,（动词、介词、形容词之后的宾从）,三、常见引导词：,1）从属连词that只引导，本身无意义，仅起引导作用。（引导宾语从句时可省，但是如果是并列的多个宾语从句

3、，只能省第一个）,2）连接代词who,whom,what,which,whoever, whatever,whichever等，有意义，作成分,3）连接副词where,when,how,why等，有意义， 在句中作状语,4）从属连词if,whether（是否）(if 只能引导动词、形容词之后的宾语从句),1._he said has nothing to do with you.,2. _well start tomorrow will be told soon.,3. _he did such a thing satisfied me.,4_ we can protect cultural

4、relics needs to be discussed.,what,when,That,How,四、名词性从句七大常考考点,1. _ he said it made us angry . _ he said at the meeting made us angry. 2. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where,That,What,考点1：连接词： that 与 what 的区别,What we cant get seems bett

5、er than what we have . That (a new teacher will come to our school ) is true .,that 只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不 充当任何成分 what 既有连接作用， 又要在从句中作成分（ 主语，宾语， 表语）( 的东西;物;话;时间;地点;人物;数目等不同概念),1.After five hours drive, they reached was the place theyd been dreaming of. 2. The other day, my brother drove his car down the s

6、treet at was a dangerous speed. 3. The way he did it was different from we were used to. 4._ the earth is round is known to us all. 5. Father made a promise _ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer.,what,what,what,That,that,B : what (什么) / which ( 表选择, 哪一个),1. -Do you know_Mr Blacks

7、address is ? -He may live at No. 18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. Im not sure of _. 2. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _ it was?,what,which,which,1）_ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether,高考题选萃,2)_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody

8、present. A.What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 3) Theres a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is - not ever. A. that B. which C. of which D. what,1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。 _ is a pity . 2.他来不来不重要。 _doesnt matter.,It doesnt matter whether,That he made such a mistake,It is a pity that,考点 2 ：it作形式主语,

9、形式宾语的用法, it 作形式主语,Whether he will come or not,It is well known/reported/ thought/said that It is clear/necessary/certain/true that It is a pity/a shame/an honor that It doesnt matter whether It seems that It happens that,1. _is known to all, Taiwan is only part of China. A. As B. That C. Which D.Wha

10、t 2. It is known to all_ Taiwan is only part of China. A. as B. that C. if D. for 3. It was on Sunday _ I met him. A. that B.when C. what D. which,（非限制性定语从句）,（强调句）,* (2) it 指代后面从句所叙述的内容， 常用于这些动词后， like/dislike/love/hate /appreciate/make+it 后常跟if 或when从句,b. it 作形式宾语,*(1) make /find/ feel / consider /

11、 think it + adj / n + that / to do,I hate it when people laugh at the disabled .,*(3) depend on it that,1. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one 2.You may depend on _ that you parents will help you whenever you need it. A.them B. yourself C. it D.

12、me,考点3 语序问题,1.The photographs will show you _ A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like,2.You can hardly imagine _when he heard the news . A. how he was excited B. how was he excited C. how excited he was D. he w

13、as how excited,3.He asked_for a violin A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid,在名词性从句中,除了关联词要提到句首之外,一律要用陈述句语序,4.What time do you think _? will Besty come here B.Besty will come here C.is Besty coming here D.can Besty get here,疑问词+do you thinksuggestbelieve s

14、uppose +陈述语序,考点4 同位语从句和定语从句的区别,同位语从句一般跟在名词fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea, answer, information, knowledge, doubt, hope, law, opinion, plan, suggestion后面, 用以说明或解释前面的名词的内容.,定语从句：对先行词起修饰限制作用,The news that she passed the exam excited her parents .,The news that we know from her excited

15、 all of us .,解释说明；that在从句中不充当成分 但是不能省。,修饰限定；that在从句中有成分、 作宾语时可以省。,同位语从句,定语从句,1.The suggestion that he should not go there is of great value. 2. The suggestion that he made is of great value. 3.The fact that he won the first place cant be denied. 4.The fact that he told me excited me.,同位语从句,同位语从句,定语从

16、句,定语从句,注: 1. 同位语从句多用that 引导,2. 在have no idea 之后常用wh-引导同位语从句.,I have no idea where he has gone. I have no idea when he did it. I have no idea what he did.,考点5.选择填空（what,whatever,who,whoever),1._ was said here must be kept secret. 2. _we need is more time. 3._ made the long distance call to him is not

17、 important. 4._ breaks the law will be punished.,Whatever,What,Who,Whoever,_等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而 _等引导的名词性从句都含有疑问意义。,whoever, whatever,Who, what,请你归纳who,whoever/what,whatever ?,1._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A.Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever,高考题选萃,2. Sarah

18、 hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. A.anyone B. whomever C.whoever D.no matter who,注：wh-ever 既可引导名词性从句 又可引导让步状语从句 no matter wh- 只引导让步状丛,3. It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever,考点6.用if 或whether 填空,1. I don

19、t know _Ill be free tomorrow. 2. It seemed as if he was indifferent(漠然)_ he could not get into a lifeboat. 3. The question is _ this book is worth writing.,whether / if,whether,if,4. It depends on _ we will have enough money. 5. _ they can do it matters little to us.,a.主语从句、表语从句、同位语从 句、 介词后面的宾语从句只能用

20、whether， 不能用if ； b.后面紧跟 or not 时, 用whether c.宾语从句是否定结构时只用if,whether,Whether,1._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B.Whether C. That D.Where,1.在order，suggest（建议），demand，request，advise，insist(坚持应该)等所接的宾语从句中用should 型虚拟语气。should 常省略。 2.在order，suggestion等名词后同位语从句，表语从句中用should 型虚拟语气，可

21、省略should 3.在as if，as though引导的表语从句中，在必要的情况下应用过去式虚拟语气。,考点7虚拟语气问题,4.在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should) +do”,常用的句型有：（1）It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that. （2） It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.) that. （3） It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that.如: It

22、 is strange that she (should) think so.,1.It is necessary that a college student _ at least a foreign language. A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master,2.His suggestion was that we_ another meeting to discuss the question. A hold B would hold C held D holding,5. wish后，从句中的时态在原本的时态上退一步

23、，即 wish that ,过去时(跟现在相反),would +v. (跟将来相反),had done (跟过去相反),I wish that I _that film star yesterday. A saw B. had seen C would see D has seen,would ranther that,sb did sth sb had done,五.2007年高考定语从句和名词性从句考题：,1.Some pre-school children go to a day care center, _they can learn simple games and songs. A

24、. then B. there C. while D.where 2._matters most in learning English is enough practice. A.That B. Why C.What D.Which,3. We shouldnt have spent our money testing so many people, most of _ are healthy. A.that B.which C.what D.whom 4._he referred to in his article was unkown to the general reader. A.That B. What C. Whether D. Where,5.Those suc