2019年最新-【新视野大学英语读写教程第三册】Unit7BillGates讲义-精选文档

1、Contents,Lead - in,Pre-reading,Text Study,Summary,Writing,Lead - in,Lead - in,The topic today is a famous businessman in the world, Bill Gates. Before we learn the details of the passage, lets get familiar with the background to the birth of this passage:,Mode I,Mode II,Mode III,Mode IV,随 笔,The form

2、er chairman of 2) The worldwide leader in 3) He discovered his interest in at the age of 13. 4) In his junior year, he left Harvard University, so as to,Tips,Interactive Mode I,Q. 1. How much do you know about him?,Tips,Mode II,Mode III,Mode IV,随 笔,Mode I,For More,5) Guided by a belief that, he bega

3、n developing 6) According to Forbes magazine, he has been 7) ,As can be seen from the above, Bill Gates has achieved great success in his career. But every coin has two sides, to which Gates life is no exception. Now lets listen to a short passage to see what once happened to him; and then proceed w

4、ith our lead-in.,Interactive Mode II,Mode II,Mode IV,随 笔,Mode I,Key Words: the case against Microsoft, accusing the software giant of unfair business practices keeping a firm grip on the worlds operating system market to squeeze out the competition in other. to bundle and distribute its software wit

5、h its operating systems deserves equal access to Microsofts operating systems the software of other companies,Tips,Tips,Mode III,Interactive Mode III,Mode II,随 笔,Mode I,Tips,Q. 2. What contributes to Bill Gates huge success?,Tips,Mode III,Mode IV,Despite the challenges, the mark Bill Gates leaves on

6、 the minds of public is an idol of wisdom and achievement. What appeals most to the public, in effect, is what his success can be attributed to. So my next question is:,1) His keen insights into2) His total commitment to 3) His great skills in managing 4) His competitive ability in5) ,Interactive Mo

7、de IV,Mode II,随 笔,Mode I,Q. 4. What does the author want to tell us about Bill Gates?,(Lets answer this question after we read the passage),Mode III,Mode IV,For conclusion,随 笔,The Birth of the Text,Pre-reading,Background Information,Watch and Discuss,New Words,Background Information,视频讨论,生词学习,随 笔,Mi

8、crosoft:(A) Microsoft is a company founded by Bill Gates together with his childhood friend Paul Allen in 1975. In the late 1970s a number of individuals and companies were making and distributing home computers. Nobody can honestly say that they predicted back then just how pervasive home computers

9、 would become. IBM noticed this phenomenon,Background Information,视频讨论,生词学习,随 笔,Microsoft:(B) and saw it as a way of impressing upon small business just how plain good IBM machines are. IBM did a deal with Microsoft, a small company then, to produce the operating system for their PC. Like many other

10、 companies who were unable to predict the huge growth of the PC market, IBM didnt pay too much attention to the details of the deal. IBM could distribute,Background Information,视频讨论,生词学习,随 笔,Microsoft:(C) DOS with their PCs, paying Microsoft a royalty for every copy sold. Microsoft, however, could a

11、lso sell DOS independently of IBM. The deal with IBM for the distribution of DOS was probably the smartest thing Microsoft has ever done. It was the first of Microsofts many successes.,Background Information,视频讨论,生词学习,随 笔,Paul Allen:,At Lakeside School, Paul Allen (14 years old) and friend Bill Gate

12、s (12 years old) became early computer enthusiasts. Allen went on to attend Washington State University, though he dropped out after two years to pursue his and Gates dream of writing software commercially for the new “personal computers”.,Background Information,视频讨论,生词学习,随 笔,The MITS Altair microco

13、mputer was the first personal computer available and sold in commercial quantities. MITS originally stood for Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (微仪表和自动系统公司) but this name was almost never used after 1975. Later, MITS became a subsidiary of Pertec Computer Corp.,MITS Altair:,Background Info

14、rmation,视频讨论,生词学习,随 笔,Apple: (A) Apple is a computer company started on April 1, 1976. Steven Wozniak, a high school drop-out who,worked for Hewlett-Packard, dabbled in computer-design and created what would become the Apple I. His high school buddy,Background Information,视频讨论,生词学习,随 笔,Apple: (B) St

15、even Jobs, also a drop-out, worked for Atari and convinced him that the two should form a company to market the new computer, which eventually took off in 1977 with the Apple II.,Background Information,视频讨论,生词学习,随 笔,IBM is the best known American computer manufacturer, founded by Thomas J. Watson kn

16、own as “Big Blue” after the color of its logo. IBM stands for International Business Machines (国际商用机器公司), the largest computer company in the world today. It makes everything from mainframes to personal computers (PCs) and has been immensely successful in selling them, chiefly to business.,IBM:,Watc

17、h everything and everyone around him is charged with 10,000 volts of electricity.,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Text Analyzing and Reading,句型,Para. 2b Gates sets the example and Microsoft employees follow. The schedule he keeps is one hint as to what he expects from his employees. Its not unusual for the “dean

18、” of the “Microsoft campus” to put in 16-hour days.,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Text Analyzing and Reading,句型,Para. 3a Indeed, if theres one thing that distinguishes the Gates style, it is his time management skills. Conservation of time, energy, and focus are his hallmarks. He moves between playing the role

19、 of international spokesman for the age of technology and planning business strategy back at headquarters, getting the maximum amount of work possible out of every minute.,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Text Analyzing and Reading,句型,Para. 3b Always punctual and always in high gear, he typically leaves only the

20、tiniest cracks in the day for eating, talking to friends or recreation. The joke around Microsoft is that his receptionist is the hardest working person in the world. In fact, he has several receptionists. He probably needs one just to arrange his travel plans and visas to foreign countries.,课文阅读,随

21、笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 4 On the subject of travel, he has become known for saving money and time as well. On business trips, he flies commercial whenever possible and in the interest of time, he never checks his baggage. His hosts also find they save money when he is in town. T

22、here is no time in his schedule for tourism of any kind, no excursions or sightseeing trips are on his agenda. Its just work, work, work.,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Text Analyzing and Reading,句型,Para. 5 Another trait that makes him so unusual is his incredible “multitasking” ability. At his desk, he works o

23、n two computers, one with multiple frames that sequence data streaming in from the Internet, and the other handling the hundreds of e-mail messages and letters he receives. He may even review data while conducting a meeting using a videophone.,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 6a G

24、ates runs his company mainly through three methods: He bats out a hundred or more e-mail messages a day (and night); he meets every month or so with his top management panel of experts and advisers; and most importantly, he holds two or three small review meetings a day with a procession of teams wo

25、rking on the companys various products.,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Text Analyzing and Reading,句型,Para. 6b He doesnt address anyone by name or hand out too much praise, but he does go round the table clockwise and listens carefully to everyone who has an idea. When he is unclear about something, he quizzes a

26、nd challenges his staff. “Educate me on that,” he might say, looking to make clear a vague statement. Every decision he makes is based on his knowledge of its merits. He doesnt need to rely on personal politics.,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 7a When Bill Gates was in the sixth

27、grade, his parents sent him to see a psychologist. After a year of sessions and tests, the psychologist reached his conclusion. “Youre going to lose,” he told Gates mother Mary. “You had better just adjust to it because theres no use trying to beat him.”,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Text Analyzing and Reading

28、,Para. 7b In the 22 years since he dropped out of Harvard to conquer the world of computer operating systems and application software, he has been deadly for competitors trying to claw their way into the market.,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Text Analyzing and Reading,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Text Analyzing and Read

29、ing,Para. 8 In early 1975, at the age of 19, while at Harvard University, he and Paul Allen wrote an interpreter for the programming language used by MITS Altair, the first commercially available personal computer. It was their intense relationshipGates the workaholic code writer and competitor, All

30、en the dreamy visionarythat laid the first brick in the foundation of Microsoft.,Para. 9 In 1976, Gates began licensing Microsofts software products directly to computer manufacturers, which dramatically increased Microsofts profits. Although MITS soon folded, Microsoft had already attracted new cus

31、tomers including, at the time, small hardware firms like Apple, Commodore and Tandy.,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 10a In 1980, IBM invited Microsoft to write a series of programming languages for its new personal computer, the IBM PC. Gates offered that Microsoft could also pr

32、oduce the operating systems (MS-DOS). The IBM PC and MSDOS were bundled together and announced to the public in August 1981.,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 10b Throughout the 1980s Microsoft moved steadily upward and by the 1990s MS-DOS had been exported around the world and had

33、 become the dominant software platform. By 2019, roughly 85 percent of the worlds personal computers were using a Microsoft operating system.,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 11 Today the Microsoft campus is a “home” for new ideas and products that currently number over 200. It ha

34、s mushroomed to nearly 18,000 employees and $6 billion in profits. By 1992, at least 3,400 of Microsofts employees had become millionaires from their stocks.,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 12a Gates hopes to still be running Microsoft for another 10 years, he says, and then prom

35、ises to focus intensely on his family and giving his money away, but that wont be the last you hear of him.,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 12b Almost everyone in the developed world has used or is using a product that he owns a piece of, from surfing websites on Microsoft Explor

36、er to watching movies brought to us by the distributor DreamWorks SKG. One can only wonder what he will do in the near future.,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Text Analyzing and Reading,Abridgement of Text,Now that we become more familiar with the organization of the text, as shown in the block diagram, what can

37、 we derive from the text in order to abridge it into a three-paragraph essay?,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Abridgement of Text,Bill Gates,Para. 1 Bill Gates is the most famous and the richest man in the world. Without a doubt, he is one of the greatest minds to ever change the world. He has dominated the pers

38、onal computing revolution and modernized the whole world.Para. 2 Gates success stems from his unique traits. First, his personality is an unbelievable and frightening blend of high-voltage brilliance, drive and competitiveness. Then, his time,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Abridgement of Text,management skills

39、distinguish the Gates style. He moves between different responsibilities getting a lot done. On the subject of travel, Gates is also known for saving money and time. Another trait that makes him so unusual is his incredible “multitasking” ability. And most of all, Gates runs his company efficiently

40、through three methods: batting out e-mail messages, meeting his top management panel, and holding two or three small review meetings a day. Every decision he makes is based on his knowledge of the merits.,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Abridgement of Text,Para. 3 His episodes of life also outline his steady pat

41、h to success. When Bill Gates was in the sixth grade, a psychologist advised his mother to adjust to his unique personality. At the age of 19, while at Harvard University, he and Paul Allen wrote an interpreter for the programming language, which laid the first brick in the foundation of Microsoft.

42、In 1976, Gates began licensing Microsofts software products directly to computer manufacturers, which dramatically,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Abridgement of Text,increased Microsofts profits. In 1980s, Bill Gates had MS-DOS bundled together with the IBM PC and exported it around the world. Today the Microso

43、ft “campus” is a home for new ideas and products that currently number over 200.Para. 4 Gates hopes to be running Microsoft for another 10 years and then he promises to focus on his family and giving his money away. But one can only wonder what he will do in the near future.,课文阅读,随 笔,课文缩写,结构分析,Summa

44、ry,English Equivalents of Chinese,Creative Application of Typical Expressions,Further Application of Typical Patterns,Summary,句型应用,短语活用,随 笔,Summary,to turn out to have been right,to belong in the same class,to understate his impact on the world,to be charged with electricity,to set the example,to pl

45、ay the role of,to leave the cracks in the day for,to address anyone by name,to hand out too much praise,to make clear a vague statement,句型应用,短语活用,随 笔,Summary,to rely on personal politics,to reach ones conclusion,Theres no use doing sth.,to conquer the world of,to be deadly for competitors,to be bund

46、led together with,to move steadily upward,to be a “home” for new ideas,to promise to do sth.,to focus intensely on,Summary,to catch sight of,to stem from,to put in,to claw ones way,to lay bricks in the foundation of,句型应用,短语互译,随 笔,keep sb. in sight / disappear from ones sight,Keep the child in sight.

47、 Dont let her disappear from your sight.,看不到，忽略:进入视线:从视线内消失:看住某人/物，监视:,to lose sight ofto come into sightto disappear from sight to keep sb./sth. in sight,看住孩子，不要让她从你的视线内消失。,知识链 接,活 学 活 用,意 群 提 示,Back,Summary,句型应用,短语互译,随 笔,来自:源于，始自:源自，源于:,the art of making paper / ancient civilization period,The art

48、 of making paper originated from the ancient civilization period of China.,to come from to originate from to derive from,造纸术起源于中国古老的文明时代。,知识链 接,活 学 活 用,意 群 提 示,Summary,句型应用,短语互译,随 笔,Back,储存以备他日之需:提出某事供讨论:推迟或拖延某事物:生产，出版，扑灭:,他在会议上提出一个建议，即公司专门拨出一笔资金用于处理突发事件。,a special fund for doing sth. / handle emerg

49、encies,At the meeting, he put forward a suggestion that the company put aside a special fund for handling emergencies.,to put aside to put forward to put off to put out,知识链 接,活 学 活 用,意 群 提 示,Summary,句型应用,短语互译,随 笔,Back,为扫清道路: 为铺平道路: 为让路: 迷路:,停火协议的缔结为恢复两国间的和平扫清了道路。,the conclusion of cease-fire agreeme

50、nt / restore peace between two countries,The conclusion of cease-fire agreement cleared the way for restoring peace between these two countries.,to clear the way forto pave the way forto make way forto lose ones way,知识链 接,活 学 活 用,意 群 提 示,Summary,句型应用,短语互译,随 笔,Back,为奠定坚实的基础: 为提供基础: 从根本上动摇: 没有基础:,这一政治

51、丑闻从根本上动摇了该国的法制体系。,political scandal / the nations legal system,The political scandal rocked the nations legal system to its foundations.,lay a solid foundation for provide a foundation for rock sth. to its foundations have no foundation,知识链 接,活 学 活 用,意 群 提 示,Summary,句型应用,短语互译,随 笔,Back,Summary,When s

52、b. do sth., it is like .,If theres one thing that, it is .,Sb./Sth. do one thing; sb. /sth. do another; and most importantly, sb. /sth. do a third thing.,短语活用,短语互译,随 笔,take part in a game / all ones nerves / be injected with excitant / an inexhaustible strength,新视野 产生式提炼与应用,典 型 例 句,意 群 提 示,当他参加比赛时，就

53、好像他所有的神经都注入了兴奋剂，他有用不完的体力。,When he takes part in a game, it is like all his nerves being injected with excitant; he has an inexhaustible strength.,Back,短语活用,短语互译,随 笔,result in / ones arrogance,新视野 产生式提炼与应用,典 型 例 句,意 群 提 示,如果有什么东西导致你失败的话，那一定是你的自负。,If there is one thing that results in your failure, it

54、 must be your arrogance.,Back,短语活用,短语互译,随 笔,provide sb. with sth. / abundant information resources / make it easier for sb. to do sth. / bring about / revolution in sth. / the appearance of sth.,新视野 产生式提炼与应用,典 型 例 句,意 群 提 示,因特网为我们提供了丰富的信息资源，方便了与朋友的交流，更重要的是，引发了教育模式变革，即网络教育模式出现。,The Internet provides

55、us with abundant information resources; it makes it easier for us to communicate with our friends; and most importantly, it brings about a revolution in education, namely, the appearance of online education.,Back,短语活用,短语互译,随 笔,Writing,General Statement,Particular Details,写作实践,随 笔,Writing Pattern,Wri

56、ting Pattern,写作实践,随 笔,Example from the Text,General Statement: (Para. 3),One distinguishing style of Gates is his time management skills.,Particular Details: (Para. 3),He moves between playing the role of international spokesman for the age of technology and planning business strategy back at headqu

57、arters getting the maximum amount of work possible out of every minute.,Detail 1:,Writing Pattern,写作实践,随 笔,Always punctual and always in high gear, he typically leaves only the tiniest cracks in the day for eating, talking to friends or recreation.,His receptionist is the hardest working person in t

58、he world. In fact, he has several receptionists. He probably needs one just to arrange his travel plans and visas to foreign countries.,Detail 2:,Detail 3:,写作模式,随 笔,Writing Practice,写作实践 Directions: Have a look at the outline below and the sample short composition that has a general statement suppor

59、ted by details.,写作模式,随 笔,Writing Practice,English is difficult to learn.,Particular details: English words difficult to remember English grammar different too much worry in speaking English English idioms hard to understand,General statement:,写作模式,随 笔,Writing Practice,English is difficult to learn. (General statement) English words are difficult to pronounce correctly and naturally. And whats more, English words are not easy to spell and hard to remember if we dont use them often enough. (Detail 1) English has a grammar which is different from our own