《局部解剖学》英文课件：The Anterior Region of the Upper Limb (2)

1、The Anterior Region of the Upper Limb,Ling Shucai,Regional anatomy of upper limb,Parts and regions,Shoulder regionjunction of arm and trunk Armbetween should and elbow Elbowbend of arm, joint between arm and forearm Forearmbetween elbow and hand Hand,The Anterior Region of the Upper Limb,1. Surface

2、anatomy 表面解剖 2. The superficial structures 浅层结构 Superficial veins 浅淋巴管 Superficial lymph vessels 浅静脉 Cutaneous nerves 皮神经 3. The deep structures 深层结构 The deep fascia 深筋膜 The muscles 肌肉 The vessels 血管 The nerves 神经 4. Regional anatomy 局部解剖 Cubital fossa 肘窝 The carpal canal 腕管 The palmar fascial space

3、 手掌筋膜间隙,1.Surface anatomy,Surface anatomy,Shoulder region: acromion, spine of scapula, coracoid process, greater tubercle, anterior and posterior axillary folds Armmedial and lateral biceps brachii furrow, deltoid tuberosity Elbowmedial and lateral epicondyles, head of radius, olecranon, tendon of b

4、iceps brachii Forearmbetween elbow and hand Handstyloid process, dorsal tubercle,16501700,Carring angle 提携角,2.The superficial structures,Superficial veins Cephalic vein 头静脉 Basilic vein 贵要静脉 Median cubital vein 肘正中静脉,The superficial structures,The lymphatic drainage of upper limb,Lymphatic vessels S

5、uperficialfollow the superficial veins, drain into supratrochlear(滑车上淋巴结） and axillary lymph nodes（腋淋巴结） Deepaccompany main vessels, end in axillary lymph nodes lymph nodes Superficial cubital lymph node (Supratrochlear lymph node): 肘浅淋巴结（滑车上淋巴结） Axillary lymph nodearranged in five groups,3. The dee

6、p structures,Muscles of arm Antererior group Biceps brachii 肱二头肌 Coracobrachialis喙肱肌 Brachialis 肱肌 Posterior group triceps brachii 肱三头肌,.The Muscles,Muscles of forearm,Superficial layer Brachioradialis 肱桡肌 Pronator teres 旋前圆肌 Flexor carpi radialis 桡侧腕屈肌 Palmaris longus 掌长肌 Flexor carpi ulnaris 尺侧腕屈肌

7、,Second layer Flexor digitorum superficials 指浅屈肌,Third layer Flexor digitorum profundus 指深屈肌 Flexor pollicis longus 拇长屈肌 Fourth layer Pronator quadratus 旋前方肌,Muscles of hand Lateral groupthenar 鱼际 (4) Abductor pollicis brevis拇短展肌 Flexor pollicis brevis 拇短屈肌 Opponens pollicis 拇对掌肌 Adductor pollicis 拇

8、收肌 Medial grouphypothenar (3) Abductor digiti minimi 小指展肌 Flexor digiti minimi brevis 小指短屈肌 Opponens digiti minimi小指对掌肌,Lumbricales 蚓状肌(4) Palmar interossei 骨间掌侧肌(3) Dorsal interossei 骨间背侧肌(4),Intermedial group,. The vessels,Arteries,Brachial artery Continuation of axillary artery Divides into radia

9、l and ulnar arteries at level of neck of radius Branches Deep brachial a. 肱深动脉accompanies with radial nerve Superior ulnar collaeral a. 尺侧上副动脉 accompanies with ulnar nerve Inferior ulnar collateral a.尺侧下副动脉,Radial artery and branches Radial recurrent a. 桡侧返动脉 Superfical palmar branch 掌浅支 Principal a

10、rtery of thumb 拇主要动脉 Ulnar artery and branches Ulnar recurrent a. 尺侧返动脉 Common interosseous artery 骨间总动脉 Anterior interossous a. 骨间前动脉 Posterior interosseous a. 骨间后动脉 Deep palmar branch 掌深支,Superficial palmar arch 掌浅弓 Formed by ulnar artery（尺动脉） and superficial palmar branch of radial artery（桡动脉） Cu

11、rve of arch lies across the palm, level with the distal border of fully extended thumb Gives rise to three common palmar digital arteries（指掌侧总动脉） each then divides into two proper palmar digital arteries（指固有动脉）,Deep palmar arch 掌深弓 Formed by radial artery and deep palmar branch of ulnar artery Curve

12、 of arch lies across upper part of palmar at level with proximal border of extended thumb Gives rise to three palmar metacarpal arteries,The deep veins of upper limb: accompany the arteries of the same region and bear similar names,Deep veins,Musculocutaneous 肌皮神经 Distribution: Biceps brachii, brach

13、alis and coracobrachialis BBC nerve; skin on anterior aspect of forearm,. Nerves,Median nerve 正中神经 Distribution: Injury: Apehand 猿掌 produces sign of benediction, in which the index and middle fingers cannot be flexed and the thumb cannot be opposed,Ulnar nerve Distribution: Injury: Clawhand 爪形手,Inne

14、rvation of hand,Median n. Ulnar n. Radial n.,Median n. Ulnar n. Radial n.,4. Regional anatomy,. Medial bicepital brachii furrow 肱二头肌内侧沟,. Cubiral fossa 肘窝,Boundaries Baseline drawn through epicondylesof humerus （肱骨上髁） Apexbrachioradialis laterally and pronator teres medially Roofskin, superficial fa

15、xcia, deep faxcia and aponeurosis of biceps（肱二头肌腱膜） Floorbrachialis, supinator（旋后肌） and capsule of elbow joint,Contentsfrom lateral to medial Biceps brachii tendon Brachial a.divides into radial and ulnar a.,usually at apex of fossa Median n. Lateral to the biceps brachii tendonradial n. and lateral

16、 antebrachial cutaneous n.,. Carpal tunnel 腕管,Flexor retinaculum 屈肌支持带 Thickening of deep fascia in the hand Attached laterally to scaphoid and trapeziun and medially to pisiform and hamate Carpal tunnel 腕管 Formed by flexor retinaculum and carpal groove Transmits Median n. Flexor digitorum superfici

17、alis and flexor digitorum profundus enclosed by common flexor sheath Flexor pollicus longus enclosed by tendinous sheath of flexor pollicus longus,. Teninous sheath 腱鞘,. The palmar fascial space 手掌筋膜间隙,Deep palmar fascia 掌部深筋膜,Superficial layer Thenar fascia 鱼际筋膜 Hypothenar fascia 小鱼际筋膜 Palmar apone

18、urosis 掌腱膜 thick triangular membrane Deep layer palmar interosseous fascia 骨间掌侧筋膜,Osseofascial compartments of palm手掌骨筋膜鞘,Lateral compartment 外侧鞘 Medial compartment 内侧鞘 Intermediate compartment 中间鞘,Intermediate compartment 中间鞘 Formed by palmar aponeurosis, Laeral and medial intermuscular septum, palmar interosseous fascia and abductor policis fascia Contents: