culture-shock(cases)资料.ppt

1、Unit 8 Culture Shock(cases),Warm up Questions,1. How did Chinese and American perceive Parents beating their own child differently? To show respect to the other or give the face to the other Illegal as the child abuse,2. What is a good friend in Chinese and American culture? Be loyal to each other a

2、nd never betray even to lie Be honest and constructive and helpful,3. How did Sunwukong in A Journey to the West represent the traditional Chinese values and ethics? Warmhearted, compassionate, perseverant Bad-tempered, violent,e.g.-a story told by Li Ming Once I was in America for an international

3、conference. During my staying there, I usually took buses to visit some museums and shopping-malls. There were not many people taking buses, and each could have a seat most of the time. One day when our bus stopped at one bus-stop, an old lady got on. Noticing there was no vacant seat on the bus, I

4、decided to offer my seat. I stood up, and said with a smile: Old lady,please sit down. Out of my expectation, the old lady refused to take the seat, and responded: Im not old! There was also an unpleasant look on her face. I was rather confused and embarrassed at that moment, and didnt know what to

5、do.,Read the following sayings aloud, and think it over: what do they mean to you?,Human beings draw close to one another by their common nature, but habits and customs keep them apart. - Confucian saying,性相近，习相远 -论语,Joke appreciation for cultural diversity,A young ladys miniskirt was accidentally t

6、orn open by a young man. Please decide where they come from according to their responses to this incident.,Joke appreciation for cultural diversity,1. Before the man saying sorry, the woman bowed down and said in a tender voice: Sorry, it is all my fault. It is all the bad quality of my skirt. I am

7、sorry for the trouble I have brought to you.,Japan,Over-courtesy and male-dominated,Joke appreciation for cultural diversity,2. Before the man saying sorry, the woman gave him a name-card and said: “This is my lawyers phone number. He will talk with you about your sex harassment. See you in the cour

8、t.”,America,A place where law talks!,Joke appreciation for cultural diversity,3. Before the man saying sorry, the woman covered the torn part of the skirt with a newspaper in hand and shyly said: “Sir, can you send me home? It is not very far from here.” Then the young man put his coat on the girl a

9、nd called a taxi to send her home.,England,Gentle and conservative,Joke appreciation for cultural diversity,4. Before the man saying sorry, the woman gurgled and put her hand on the mans shoulder: “Sir, if you do not mind, you can buy me a red rose to show your apology.” Then the man bought her a ro

10、se and they went to a hotel together to study more about the skirt.,France,Friendly and romantic,Joke appreciation for cultural diversity,5. Before the man saying sorry, the woman flew into rage and gave the man a box on the face: “ni ge xiao chilao, xiang qi lao niang doufu, lao zi da si ni.” Then

11、she took out a mobile phone and dialed number and a gang of people came. The whole thing developed into a riot.,Shanghai,hot and irritable,Joke appreciation for cultural diversity,6. The man felt very embarrassed and made a sincere apology to the girl. But the beautiful girl smiled and said: _,Thail

12、and,Ladyboy, sheman,Dont worry, Sir. I am a man, too”.,Summary,Culture involves at least three components: the material and spiritual products people produce what they do what they think,Metaphors for Culture,By examining the metaphors for culture, we are going to figure out the prominent characteri

13、stics of culture. The Cultural Iceberg,The aspects of culture that are explicit, visible, taught.,The aspects of culture that are intangible and not taught directly.,Just as an iceberg which has a visible section above the waterline and a larger invisible section below the waterline, culture has som

14、e aspects that are observable and others that can only be suspected and imagined. Also like an iceberg, the part of culture that is visible is only a small part of a much bigger whole. It is said nine-tenth of culture is below the surface. (pg. 7),What sets humankind apart from other animals is_,Lan

15、guage is important to human activity because it is how we reach out to make contact with others. 人类区别于动物的最大特征是创造和使用语言的能力。,the ability to build and manipulate language and other symbolic codes,Theoretical Background,I, In a physics class Professor: What is matter? Students: Never mind. Professor: The

16、n what is mind? Students: It doesnt matter.,English to Chinese Translation,Version I 教授：什么是物质呀？ 学生：非精神也。 教授：什么是精神呢？ 学生：不是物质，就是精神。,Version II,教授：什么是物质呀？ 学生：没什么要紧的啦! 教授：什么是精神呢？ 学生：没什么关系的啦! Can your translation be as humorous as the original?,Verbal Communication,-Sometimes we think about this but talk

17、 about that.,case,Two Japanese who knew some Chinese were one day at a Beijing subway station. They saw a warning sign which read: Xiaoxin di hua! (小心地滑）They were very much surprised to see that nobody around them was skating, though the floor was really very smooth. In a laundry, when a man saw the

18、 sign “when light flashes, remove clothes”, he took off all his clothes.,Culturally Loaded Words文化负载词(Cultural Loaning Words),1.是指标志某种文化中特有事物的词组和短语. 2.文化负载词是反映一个国家、一个民族特有的文化和历史的一些词汇.,Color Terms in Chinese and English,Try to translate the following Chinese phrase into English and English ones into C

19、hinese. 红糖 红茶 眼红 红白喜事 清白 白眼 黑客 黄色书刊,brown sugar,black tea,jealous,Weddings aJl/ n【1】 猫头鹰（传统上认为是聪明的象征）. 【2】 (idm 习语) wise as an owl.,Are they the same?,“爱人” （lover) “玩” （play) “知识分子” (intellectual) “农民”（peasant） “小姐” （miss） “同志” （comrade）,“松、柏、鹤、桃” （pine, cypress, crane, peach） “梅、兰、竹、菊” （plum blosso

20、m, orchid, bamboo, chrysanthemum） “13” “九” 文学典籍中特殊人物形象 e.g. 唐僧、猪八戒、孙悟空、潘金莲、林黛玉、张飞 Cinderella, Shylock,2. Pragmatic Rules(语用规则) and Culture,1）Addressing *先生、小姐、同志、师傅 Mr. Mrs. Miss Ms. “Excuse me.” *“Old Zhang” “Little Li” Cf. 在英语国家，用姓作称谓只限于很少的几种情况，例如：在小学里教师对学生，教练对球员，监狱看守对于囚犯。 *“Wang Ju” “Senior Engin

21、eer” *Laoshi,2) Invitation “We must get together soon.”(我们一定得聚聚。) “Come over for dinner next Saturday night.” A: Hi, B. B: Hi. A: When are we going to get together? B: We really should. A: You know my office number. Just give me a call. B: Okay. A: Good. So long. B: Bye.,Favorite Animals,Chinese: Cr

22、ane, cat, rabbit, ox, horse, panda, swan, peacock, gold fish, birds English: Dog, cat, horse, birds, sheep,Different Connotational Meanings of the Word “Dog”,1. watchdog 监察人监察团 2. Love me, love my dog爱屋及乌 3. Every dog has his day.人人皆有得意日 4. Be as faithful as a dog. 效犬马之劳 5. An old dog will learn no

23、new tricks. (=You cannot teach old dogs new tricks.) 谚老狗学不了新把戏; 老年人很难适应新事物。,6. Hes top dog in the office.佼佼者，优胜者 7. Give a dog a bad name and hang him. 谚一旦给人加一个坏名声, 他就永远洗刷不掉; 人言可畏。跳进黄河也洗不清 8.My aunt, always happy to help a lame dog over a stile .济人之急, 帮助人渡过难关(通常指金钱上的帮助),9. 狗屁: shit 10. 狗崽子: son of a

24、 bitch 11. 狗拿耗子多管闲事: poke ones nose into other peoples business 12. 狗嘴里吐不出象牙来: a filthily mouth can not utter decent language 13. 落水狗: a bad person who is down,Body Language,Body language refers to all nonverbal codes which are associated with body movements. Body language includes gestures, head mo

25、vements, facial expressions, eye behaviors, postures and other displays that can be used to communicate.,No gesture has the same meaning!,there is no international language of gestures. Instead, cultures have developed systems of unique gestures, and it is almost never possible for us to understand

26、intuitively the gestures from another culture.,French gesture for I dont believe you ,guess what this Iranian gesture means?,No. 1 for me/ Good luck / screw you,Screw you,This gesture teaches an extremely important lesson. This gesture is identical to the American/English gesture for Good Luck to yo

27、u. But it is an obscene (淫猥的) gesture, and an American traveling in Iran would outrage people there if the American performed this gesture. When in another culture or society, we should never mirror a gesture that someone presents to us-without knowing it, we could be deeply offending that person an

28、d inviting conflict.,Who won the game of one-on-one basketball?,a. The man on the left b. The man on the right,The man on the right,He seems confident, poised and modest-all qualities that suggest he is the winner of the game.,Gestures,Do you know what the following gestures means?,Number 1 is used

29、together with the verbal message “Lets keep our fingers crossed” in the United States, England, and Sweden to mean that the person is hoping for good luck. But in Greece and Turkey it means the breaking of a friendship, and in parts of Italy it means “O.K.”.,Number 2 is normally used when talking pr

30、ivately about a third person, meaning that person is crazy, often in a joking way.,Number 3 indicates “I have no idea.” / “I dont know.”,The gesture in Picture 4 means that “I cant / didnt hear you.”,Number 5 means “Thats enough. Its all over for me.”,In Picture 6 the “thumbs down” sign indicates “r

31、ejection” or “refusal”, “defeat” or “no good” or “bad news” to Americans.,“Something is a bit suspicious / odd here.”,“Come here.”,Number 9 is widely used in the US to mean “Great, perfect, acceptable, O. K.” But is Belgium and France, it means “zero”; in Turkey, Brazil, Greece, and Malta, it has an

32、 obscene meaning; and in Tunisia, it is used as a threat.,Number 10 is used in Italy to say “Hello.” For Indonesians, Malaysians, and some speakers of Arabic, it signals “Come here.”,Number 11 means “Oh, I forgot.” or an expression of surprise.,The gesture in Number 12 means “Slow down, relax or wai

33、t a second.”,Number 13 is used to show that someone is a champion or a winner, usually in sports. This gesture caused a serious international misunderstanding in 1959. Nikita Khrushchev, the Soviet leader, was visiting the US and used this gesture, which means friendship in Russia. American newspape

34、rs printed it on page one. And the American people understood it to mean the opposite: that the Soviet Union would defeat the US.,Picture 14 is one of the few gestures which seems to be used only in the US, and many people feel it is not as common as it once was. This gesture is made by moving one index finger against the other. It is usually used wi