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1、VI. Paragraph WritingDifferent Approaches to Something通过对比说明人们是如何用不同的方式对待某事物的,使读者从中受到启迪。(对比说明)写作模式参考范文写作模式(对比说明)1) With a view of the changes in life of people of the past and today, we get / gain a deeper insight into / a better sense of sth. .(主题) 2) Viewed from the angle of lifestyle, modern peop

2、le are famous for, as shown in 3) But in the past people are known for, as confirmed in (对比I) 4) Judging by the concept of the value of time, modern people approach sth. as while in the past people treat sth. as (对比II) 5) As is known to all, modern people prefer to, in contrast to which in the past

3、people tend to (进一步说明) 6) If set on the scene of work, people today are more likely to pour sth. into whereas people in the past are more liable to put sth. into (对比III) 7) As can be seen from, (进一步说明) 8) Clearly, such differences render us better and better at planning our time as long as we dont f

4、orget to enjoy ourselves a little while keeping up with the pace of the times.Approaches to Time in the Past and Today通过对比说明过去和现在人们是如何对待时间的。Approaches to Time in the Past and Today1) With a view of the changes in life of people of the past and today, we gain a deeper insight into how to approach tim

5、e. 2) Viewed from the angle of lifestyle, modern people are famous for their rapid pace of time, as shown in their invention of fax, e-mail and instant coffee. 3) But in the past people are known for their life in a leisurely manner, as confirmed in their tea- drinking hobbies and frequent time-cons

6、umingsocial activities. 4) Judging by the concept of the value of time, modern people approach time as an investment in money making while in the past people treat time as necessary for enjoying life and being together with family and friends. 5) As is known to all, modern people prefer to talk busi

7、ness directly through phone calls rather than through personal contacts, in contrast to which in the past people tend to spend more time getting along with their business partners.6) If set on the scene of work, people today are more likely to pour time into creative work whereas people in the past

8、are more liable to put time into mechanical labor. 7) As can be seen from the differences in current education, children today devote their time to creative thinking and children in the past commit more time to learning by rote. 8) Clearly, such differences render us better and better at planning ou

9、r time as long as we dont forget to enjoy ourselves a little while keeping up with the pace of the times. 第二单元Aware of our actual position in nature, we have to understand environment in a new light that we protect ourselves through protecting the environment. We can find no better examples than the

10、 rainforest as we see from the video. The rainforest, abundant with plants and wild animals, helps to maintain the earths ecological balance as green mantles (绿色斗篷) and oxygen bars (氧吧). Once such ecosystem is ruined, the wildlife, together with mankind, will stand no chance to survive on this plane

11、t. Thus while seeking to develop our economy, we should never neglect environmental protection. In fact, protecting the environment should be a top priority.No one can deny the cold fact that man is responsible for such an unfavorable environment. Faced with the situation, what shall we do ? “Better

12、 late than never.”(亡羊补牢,为时未晚) The solution to the problem, to my way of thinking, is far beyond the scope of science and technology. It lies, to a great extent, with the attitudes and values rooted in the minds of millions of people. Therefore, first of all, we should convince people of an environme

13、ntal awareness. Besides, we should take immediate measures to place strict control over human activities apt to do damage to the environment. Only in this way will we regain the lost paradise of harmony. Paragraph Writing写作模式(知识性说明)1) There are two sides to any problem in the world, interrelated and

14、 interacting with each other, to which the problem of sth. is no exception. 2) Deeply stuck in the loop of sth., sb. concerns himself naturally with 3) He is too eager for success in sth. to have mind to consider beyond the orbit of sth. 4) Through unyielding efforts, he succeeds, as many others onc

15、esucceeded, in 5) With the passage of time, however, his gain turns out to 6) His profitable exploitation of has resulted in . 7) His favorite application of has led to 8) Thus it can be seen that the best course of reaction to any problem is to take account of both sides of it and attach to each it

16、s due weight before anything is done about it.On the Interaction Between Bright and Dark Sides of Economic Development结合课文就经济发展得与失之间的相互关系和作用进行知识性说明On the Interaction between Bright and Dark Sides of Economic Development1) There are two sides to any problem in the world, interrelated and interacting

17、with each other, to which the problem of economic development is no exception. 2) Deeply stuck in the loop of economic development, many developing countries concern themselves naturally with how to find ways out and change it for the better. 3) They are too eager for success in this field to have m

18、ind to consider the side-effects their solutions orefforts may produce beyond the orbit of economy. 4) Through unyielding efforts, they succeed, as many other developed countries once succeeded, in bettering their economic conditions and improving the living standards of their people. 5) With the pa

19、ssage of time, however, their gain turns out to be smaller than their loss or at least discounted to a large degree. 6) Their profitable exploitation of natural resources has resulted in soil erosion, desertification of farmland, and more disasters for wildlife. 7) Their favorite application of the

20、findings in science has led to environmental pollution, greenhouse effect and unbalance of ecology. 8) Thus it can be seen that the best course of reaction to any problem is to take account of both sides of it and attach to each its due weight before anything is done about it.第三单元Gail and Mark lived

21、 together for two years before they decided to marry. The following two reasons can best explain why they did so. For one reason, they just wanted to get to know each other and have a better understanding of the weaknesses and strengths of each others characters before their marriage. For another, t

22、hey wanted to marry for the right reasons. Even though they were not sure what the future held for them, they wanted to avoid the mistake made by many other mixed couplesOn hearing the news of their wedding plans, Gails mother, though all along supportive of her daughters relationship with the black

23、 man, still showed her worry that Gail would marry Mark for the same wrong reasons that she had done with Gails father. In response to the matter, however, Gails father thought Mark might take advantage of this marriage to obtain American citizenship. He used statistics on mixed marriages, his couns

24、eling experience and childrens problems to warn his daughter against rushing into marriage without thinking enough about it. In response to whether to marry right now or later on, Gail and her father held views contrary to each other. Gail argued they would rather marry now and worry later. She beli

25、eved if they had to clear up all uncertainty before they married, they could have little to get done. As a contrast, Gails father asked his strong-willed daughter to buy time and to be realistic about their marriage. He wanted to persuade her to change her mind by giving examples of mixed marriage a

26、nd reminding her that it was never too late to change her mind. Paragraph WritingA Deeper Insight into Something对图表中所揭示的现象、规律、变化等进行深层次的说明写作模式(知识性说明 分类说明)1) When it comes toproblems, more of our concern should be focused on the sharp / remarkable increase / decline / changes of, as confirmed in the g

27、raph / table where made up only percent of all the in(year) but in (year) the ratio rose up to. 2) For the sake of, we can divide itinto several steps / categories. 3) The first step /category consists of 4) The second step / category covers 5) The success / failure in this is often attributed to, b

28、ut, more often than not, 6) The third step / category involves 7) in combination with contribute(s) much / little to what sth. will hold for sb. 8) The fourth step / category includesA Deeper Look into Broken Marriages 1) When it comes to social problems, more of our concern should be focused on the

29、 sharp increase of broken marriages, as confirmed in the graph where they made up only 5 percent of all the marriages in 1980 but in 2000 this ratio rose up to 23. 2) For the sake of tackling the problem in an effective way, we can dividebroken marriages into four broad categories. 3) The first cate

30、gory consists of marriages usually arranged in accordance with parents own will but built on a little curiosity as well as littleknowledge about each other. 4) The secondcategory covers marriages associated with the involvement of a third party during the couples romantic or marital life. 5) The fai

31、lure in such a marriage is often attributed to the third partybut, more often than not, there is a crack between the couples emotions long before the third party gets involved in it. 6) The third category involves marriages across the nations. 7) Racial and cultural differences in combination with e

32、ach others hidden intentions contribute much to what such a marriage will hold for both sides. 8) The fourth category includes marriages effected for such wrong reasons as puppy love, one-sided affection, or sympathy for one in trouble.Unit41) At first glance, the boom in is indeed suggestive of (表象

33、说明) 2) But a deeper and critical look into the phenomenon can reveal something worthy of careful consideration. (转折句) 3) To the best of my understanding / knowledge, the boom is a proof of (实质性说明I) 4) Compared with, typical of / featured in, ours, distinguished by, (进一步阐述) 5) It is also an indicatio

34、n of (实质性说明II) 6) As a growing body of evidence shows, makes features of (进一步阐述) 7) And above all, it is a side-effect of (实质性说明III) 8) Impressed with, more and more cherish a sweet illusion that; but in effect / reality, for every kissed by fortune / luck, there are thousands more whose (进一步阐述) The

35、 Boom in Studying Abroad透过出国留学热这一现象阐明其深层次的问题1) At first glance, the boom in studying abroad is indeed suggestive of great success in our all-round reform as well as much improvement in peoples living standards. 2) But a deeper and critical look into the phenomenon can reveal something worthy of care

36、ful consideration. 3) To the best of my understanding, the boom is a proof of the urgentneed for us to improve the current system of our education. 4) Compared with the western educational concepts, typical of building individuality, ours, distinguished by exam-oriented culture, should keep pace wit

37、h changing times. 5) It is also an indication of the increasingly intense competition among job market at home. 6) As a growing body of evidence shows, the competition makes features of requirement of a strong education background, degrees from the famous universities abroad preferred.7) And above a

38、ll, it is a side-effect of blind belief in the education abroad. 8) Impressed with the success of some overseas Chinese, more and more parents cherish a sweet illusion that studying abroad will ensure a bright future for their children; but in reality, for every overseas Chinese kissed by fortune, t

39、here are thousands more whose dreams have never come true.Unit 5写作模式(举例说明)1) It seems impossible for anyone to succeed in doing something unless he / she is serious enough about it to succeed. 2) For example, sb. made one fruitless attempt after another all those years to do something until he had a

40、 heart-felt need to do so. 3) At first,4) That attempt made animpression, but. 5) Then, he was on his way to trying again . 6) All his quest, however, turned out to be in vain despite all the he spent on it. 7) And finally he realized that his success in anything, including, depended basically on in

41、ternal factors. 8) Now he has succeeded in , as confirmed in his quotation “”How to Succeed in Quitting Smoking通过举例说明如何才能成功地戒烟,从而使你的说明更具说服力。How to Succeed in Quitting Smoking1) It seems impossible for anyone to succeed in quitting the habit of smoking unless he / she is serious enough about it to su

42、cceed. 2) For example, John Hermann made one fruitless attempt after another all those years to kick the habit until he had a heart-felt need to do so. 3) At first, he attended seminars whose purpose was to convince him that smoking was a form of self-battering. 4) That attempt made an impression, b

43、ut he stoppedfor only two months. 5) Then, he was on his way to trying again paying people to send him into sleep therapy, stick needles in his ears, and even treat him with electroshocks. 6) All his quest, however, turned out to be in vain despite all the time and money he spent on it. 7) And final

44、ly he realized that his success in anything, including habit-breaking, depended basically on internal factors. 8) Now he has succeeded in breaking with the bad habit, as confirmed in his quotation “All those years I was looking for the magic things, as I call them. But theres no magic out there. Unt

45、il a person figures that out, hell never succeed.”Unit 6写作模式(因果关系说明)1) A closer / deeper / further study / analysis / diagnosis of can find that sth. has much relation to the major factors as follows. 2) In the first place, it is the product of . (因果关系说明I) 3) As a growing body of evidence reveals, (

46、进一步说明) 4) In the second, it is the result of. (因果关系说明II) 5) In the face of / In response to, (进一步说明) 6) And most of all, it is the effect of (因果关系说明III) 7) No matter what may happen to / become of, . (进一步说明) 8) In sum, in combination with can almost always lead to . (结论句) On Success通过因果关系说明,阐述成功的主要因

47、素。1) A closer analysis of the top achievers success can find that their success has much relation to the common factors as follows. 2) In the first place, it is the product of their readiness to capture the fleeting but bright ideas. 3) As a growing body of evidence reveals, what separates the avera

48、ge person from the top achievers is the ability toencourage creative impulses and then act upon them. 4) In the second, it is the result of their effective adjustments to the changing world. 5) In response to difficulties and challenges, they manage to bring into play all the positive factors, such

49、as changing their plain names, striking a balance between work and leisure, and motivating themselves in adversity. 6) And most of all, it is the effect of their perseverance in their struggle for success. 7) No matter what may happen to their pursuits, nothing can pull them away from striving towar

50、d their goals. 8) In sum, unyielding efforts in combination with the effective reaction to bright ideas and adaptive ability can almost always lead to success.Unit 7 写作模式(现身说法)1) My experience with the problem of tells that (As far as my experience with the problem of goes,) the effective cure for i

51、t / solution to it rests / lies with the following major steps / points / measures.(段首句) 2) One step is (现身说法I) 3) Whenever I feel, I tend to (进一步说明) 4) Another step is (现身说法II) 5) My experience has led me to recognize that(进一步说明) 6) And the most important step is (现身说法III) 7) In the past, I used to

52、, but now I have come to realize that(进一步说明) 8) If you are overwhelmed /cursed / stuck with the problem of, therefore, you might as well try the above and may be surprised to find the same holds true for you. (结尾句) How to Cope Effectively With the Stress in Life通过现身说法,阐明如何对待生活中的压力,使读者从中受到启迪。How to C

53、ope Effectively With the Stress in Life1) As far as my experience with the problem of the stress in life goes, the effective cure for it rests with the following major steps. 2) One step is to set my priorities. 3) Whenever I feel any undue stress is building up in my life, I tend to write down a li

54、st of things to accomplish, with the most pressing at the top; and meanwhile allow more time than I think Ill need for each job, with enough breathingroom to handle emergencies or rearrange priorities as circumstances change. 4) Another step is to know when to say no. 5) My experience has led me to

55、recognize that if we are too busy doing too many chores or too obliging to others to say no to any of their requests, we may never get around to the important activities that give us genuine satisfaction. 6) And the most important step is to learn to ask for help. 7) In the past, I used to seek no a

56、id because I regarded it as a lack of ability to reach out for help; but now I have come to realize that there are always some parts of our life over which we have little or no control and that, by both asking for and offering help, we can strengthen personal relationships and lighten each others lo

57、ad. 8) If you feel overwhelmed with the problem of stress, therefore, you might as well try the above and may be surprised to find the same holds true for you.Unit 8写作模式(介绍过程的说明文)1) The process of doing sth. can be broken up into / fall into the steps as follows. (段首句) 2) The first one is . (过程说明I)

58、3) A critical study of is the basis for doing sth., this is because . (进一步阐明) 4) The second step is (过程说明II) 5) This may lead to and may help you to . (进一步阐明) 6) The third step is . (过程说明III) 7) As the ripeexperience proves, as well as will go a long way toward (进一步阐明) 8) If you have failed / turned out to, therefore, you may start over from the very beginning and try the steps as mentioned above. (结尾句) How to Carry Out Your Career Planning通过介绍如何谋划职业生涯的过程, 使读者从中受益。How to Carry Out Your Career

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