高中英语 unit1 The written word教案 牛津译林版选修8

1、M8 U1 The written wordWelcome to the unitTeaching aims: the students will enhance their skill of analyzing and solving problems.,the students will be able to collaborate with others.the students will be able to use persuasive remark to interact with others.the students will be able to talk about boo

2、ks.the students will be able to develop love and passion for literature.As we all know, reading plays an important role in our daily life and we often have chances to appreciate good books. They bring us pleasure as well as knowledge. So were always lost in good books, especially some world-famous w

3、orks. Step 1: BrainstormingCan you name some of the books youve read? Would you like to recommend your favorite book to your classmates?How do you entertain yourself? (Students)We surf the Internet, where guys could chat.I watch TV, where I can meet my favorite superstars.But I like reading science

4、books which can bring me sense of success.As the matter of fact, listening to music I think is the best way to get entertained.We boys prefer Gameboys For referenceGone with the Wind. It was written by Margaret Mitchell in 1936 and set a sales record when 50,000 copies were sold in one day. By 1965,

5、 it had sold more than 10,000,000 copies and had been translated into 25 languages in 29 countries. It is one of the most successful best-sellers ever written. With Gone with the Wind, Margaret Mitchell taught us, “Tomorrow is another day.”Step 2: Sharing informationGroup work: Look at the four pict

6、ures at page 1. Lets study them one by one and try to discuss. The following questions might help you.(1) to find out why people write poems (2) to tell the differences between science fiction books and poetry (Teacher) I expect that we all take notes of what advice-providers are talking about.(Stud

7、ents)(1) People want to express what their feelings are. Or they believe poetry is beautiful, which could be appreciated by others.(2) In my opinion, there are many differences between poetry and science fiction. To begin with, poetry uses much more concise language and special writing techniques li

8、ke rhythm and rhyme. Next, poets often express their thoughts and feelings in poems, while science fiction writers often tell what may be possible in the future based on developments in science. Lastly, poems usually reflect life or society at specific times, while the main topics of science fiction

9、 books range from scientific discoveries, space travel, life on other planets to environmental changes. Step 3: Discussion1. Do you think that e-books will replace books in print?2. What are some of the differences between poetry and science fiction books?As we could see, a lot of people enjoy readi

10、ng books, which is why my friend Jack decided to work for a library. Therefore the book is at least as important as other media for entertaining, which can not be neglected. So when you are watching TV or chatting online, dont forget we still have books to read, which could also entertain people.Ste

11、p 4: Homework1. Collect more information about literature.2. Prepare the Reading part.Reading Appreciating literatureTeaching aims:1. Students are expected to gain some knowledge about classic literature and some insight into how to write an essay about literature;2. Students are expected to improve

12、 their reading skills by participating in the activities designed.Step1: Lead-inLets enjoy a section of film. Is it wonderful? Do you know something about the film?Its based on Dickenss famous novel “Oliver Twist”. Its an example of classics. Classics are the antiques of the literary world. In this

13、unit, well have the chance to get more information about classic literature.Step 2: Fast reading for general ideasGo through the passage as quickly as possible and try to find answers to the three questions in part A on Page 2. Just focus on and identify the information needed to answer these questi

14、ons. Answers A 1 Classics are the antiques of the literary world including novels, plays and poems that were written a long time ago and were well written and received. 2 Englands greatest writer.3 Seven years old.Reading strategy:1. What does a persuasive essay try to do? 2. Whats the writers point

15、 of view in this essay?3. How does the author try to convince the reader?Key: 1. To convince the reader to adopt a certain point of view. 2. To persuade us to appreciate classic literature.3. At the start, she asks us to change our minds about classic literature. Then she gives us interesting facts

16、about Charles Dickens and his book, Great Expectations, which makes us want to read the book at the end of the essay.Step 3: Detailed reading for important information1. Lets read the passage a second time and complete Parts C1 and C2 on page 4. Part one: Questions: 1. Why dont many people read the

17、classics?2. What does Liz think about classic novels?Multiple choice exercise (PPT1820) Part two: Questions: 1. When and where was Charles Dickens born? 2. What books did he write?3. What is written on his gravestone (tomb)?Present brief introduction to Dickens and works by Charles Dickens.Part thre

18、e: Questions:1. What are the main elements of a novel?2. What does Pip learn by the end of the novel? 3. Whatre the main elements (要素) to consider when reading a novel?4. What makes a good persuasive essay?AnswersC1 1 Because they think they are old-fashioned and boring, and have nothing to do with

19、life today.2 She doesnt think that they are old-fashioned or boring.3 Joe is a kind and simple man.4 On his gravestone it reads, By his death, one of Englands greatest writers is lost to the world.5 A stranger.6 Because he thinks Joe is not clever enough and far from being a well educated gentleman.

20、7 He learns that wealth does not buy happiness and that friends are more important than a fancy education.8 An example of character development is the change in Pip from being concerned only with money to seeing that money is not the most important thing in life.C2 1 d 2 c 3 a 4 b 5 e Grammar and Us

21、age否定表达英语否定概念的表达形式大致可以分为两大类显形否定和隐形否定。前者一般借助否定词或含否定意义的句型表达，其否定含义较为直观；后者无明显否定词，其否定含义往往靠上下文或语境来推断，较难把握。Step 1: General introduction .1)一般否定I dont know this. No news is good news.There is no person /not a person/not any person in the house.2)特指否定He went to his office, not to see him. I am sorry for not

22、coming on time.I dont think/believe/suppose/feel/imagine you are right.3)部分否定I dont know all of themI cant see everybody/everything.All the answers are not right.（并非所有答案都对。）All is not gold that glitters. （闪光的不一定都是金子。）Both of them are not right.（并非两人都对。）4)全体否定None of my friends smoke.I can see nothin

23、g/nobody.Nothing can be so simple as this. Neither of them is right.5) 延续否定You didnt see him, neither/nor did I. You dont know, I dont know either.He doesnt know English, let alone/to say nothing of/not to speak of French.6) 半否定句 We seldom/hardly/scarcely/barely hear such fine singing.I know little

24、English. I saw few people.7) 双重否定 You cant make something out of nothing. Whats done cannot be undone.There is no sweet without sweat. No gain without pains.I cant help /keep/ laughing whenever I hear it. No man is so old but (that) he can learn.8)排除否定Everyone is ready except you. He did nothing but

25、 play.But for your help, I couldnt do it.9)加强否定I wont do it at all.I cant see it any more. He is no longer a boy.一、 显形否定种 类例 句常用no和not否定词表示否定。not修饰副词或整个句子，no修饰名词或代词；no = not a/not anyHe is not a statesman. 他不是政治家。He is no statesman. 他绝非政治家。(言下之意，他不懂政治。)用不定代词none, nobody, nothing, neither, little, fe

26、w, no one 表示否定。Nobody can come in without permission. 未经允许，任何人不得入内。Neither of the two books is published in England.这两本书都不是英国出版的。The new rules are working and few books are stolen. 新规定很管用，几乎没有书被偷走。用hardly, scarcely, barely, rarely, seldom, never, nowhere, not at all, no longer, not any more等否定副词。We

27、have never seen each other before.我们以前从未见过面。This lathe can not be used any longer, and that one cant either. 这台车床不能再用了，那台也一样。用nor, neither nor, but, without, unless, but for, but that, in the absence of, regardless of, instead of, short of, rather than, anything but, any more than, out of the questi

28、on, would ratherthan, in no case, under no circumstance, by no means, in no way, on no condition, beyond, at a loss, above, behind, against, beneath, out of, past 等介词或连词表示否定。He was at a loss what to do next. 他不知道下一步该做什么。I sleep with the window open unless it is really cold. 天气若不冷，我总是开窗睡觉。由dis-, il-,

29、 im-, un-, non-, anti-, under-, in-, ab-, mis-, 及 less, -free, -proof 等词缀构成的否定词来表示。Some people think it is impolite to ask someones age. 有些人认为询问别人的年龄是不礼貌的。She mistrusts anyone in a position of authority. 她对任何有权有势的人都不信任。用avoid, ban, cancel, deny, exclude, escape, forbid, free from, free from/of, fail

30、, hat, ignore, lack, lose, miss, neglect, prohibit, quit, refuse, rid, stop 以及far from, off, absent, bad, bare, empty等可用于表达否定概念的词。The headmaster was absent from the meeting. 校长没有来参加会议。It is far from clear what he intends to do. 他打算做什么一点都不清楚。Most of the students failed to go to college in his time. 他

31、那个时代大多数学生都没有上大学。常用否定句型：too to , too for He is too young to go to school. 他还不够上学的年龄。Thats too much for me. 这我可受不了啦。虚拟语气表否定You should (ought to) have done it better. 你本应做得更好。（还不够好）I could have come earlier. 我本来能早点来的。（我没早来）双重否定的表达由not 加上含有否定意思的词或句子构成。We were not unprepared for the disappointment. 我们对失望

32、也不是没有思想准备。否定词加上without 短语。He wouldnt attend the lecture without being invited. 要是不邀请他的话，他是不会参加这个讲座的。否定词后跟关系词引导的含否定意义的从句。There is nobody who takes no care of football matches in this city. 在这座城市，人人都关心足球比赛。否定词no, not, never, seldom 等后面跟until/till或unless 引导的状语。She didnt arrive until 6 oclock. 她六点才到。no/

33、not/nobody but 表示“没有不适，只有才”。There is no question but he will succeed. 他会成功，这是没有问题的。含有肯定意义的某些否定句型：cannot help/choose but （必须，不得不，只能），cannot help doing sth.（忍不住做某事）cannot . too .（再也不为过，越越好），hardly/scarcely . when .（刚就），no sooner . than .（刚就）等。I cannot help but admit the truth of your remarks, although

34、 they go against my interests. 虽然你的言论违反我的利益，但我不得不承认你说的对。You cannot be too careful with your work. 工作越仔细越好。Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop. 我们刚开始就被叫停。No sooner had we sat down than we found it was time to go. 我们刚刚坐下就发现该走了。部分否定：英语中吧表示整体概念的不定代词all, both, every, 与every构成的不定代词，副词always 与否定副

35、词not 搭配时，表示的是部分否定。而用no, neither, none, 与no构成的不定代词表示全部否定。Not all the students handed in their papers. = All the students didnt hand in their papers.不是所有学生都交卷了。二、隐形否定 此类否定既无特定句型，又无否定词，其否定含义多为习惯用语或引申义，颇为费解，也最易出错，切不可望文“生译”。 Catch me making the same error again. 我绝不再犯同样的错误了 I dare him to jump. 我量他也不敢跳。 K

36、eep it dark！这事不可泄露出去。 For all I care！ 这事我才不管呢！ Its anyones guess. 这事谁也说不清。 She bares her age well. 她一点也不显老。三、 否定表达要注意的问题1. 要注意否定程度的强弱和说话者的态度。He is not richer than I. 他不比我富。He is no richer than I. 他和我一样，也不富。 2. 否定前移。在think, suppose, imagine, believe, expect, guess 等动词所接的宾语从句中，谓语动词的否定应前移到这些动词前。I dont

37、think you are right. 我认为你错了。hope 不属于该用法之列，not 常放在上述动词及be afraid 之后代替一个有否定含义的从句。例如：问：Is it going to rain?肯定回答：I suppose so. 否定回答：I suppose not. 或I dont suppose so.对于hope 和be afraid，否定回答只能说I hope not. 和Im afraid not.3. “there be no doing”表示“不可能”，“无法”。There is no knowing what may happen. 我们不知道会发生什么。The

38、re is no denying the facts. 不可否认这些事实。Task Writing a literary reviewSkills building 1: listening for key wordsFirst, Im going to read a paragraph aloud to you. After that, Id like you to use your own words to summarize what I read. So please listen to me attentively, paying special attention to the e

39、mphasized key words. Just as a proverb says, Life is filled with twists and turns. One cant gain any success if he or she never experiences difficulty or failure. In other words, trouble exists from beginning to end during our lifetime. Students may fail in their exams, scientists may fail in their

40、experiments, and players may be defeated in their matches.Discuss in pairs: While listening to a lecture or a news report, do you always have to pay attention to every word the speaker uses?What do you think are the most important words to pay attention to? Why do you think so?Read the guidelines in

41、 Skills building 1 on Page 10. Try to give a speech, following the guidelines.Step 1: recognizing key words1. Suppose in your English class, your teacher is telling you how to write a literary review. Now listen to this speech, trying to fill the table in Part A on Page 10.2. Pair work: Create a sit

42、uation and make a dialogue, youll practice using the phrases you listed just now.3. Read the guidelines on Page 12.Step 2: giving your opinion on a literary review1. Read the literary review of “The Attic” on page 12. Focus on the plot, characters and the theme of the story.2. Have a discussion abou

43、t the five questions listed below the review. Give your ideas freely.3. Acting: Work in pairs, making a dialogue. One acts as the reporter and the other as the reader. Try to use as many questions as possible.Skills building 3: writing a literary review1. Read the guidelines at the top of page 13. R

44、emember what should be included in a review.2. Work in groups of four to write an outline of a literary review.Step 3: writing your review You are expected to write a literary review of “The home-made ball” based on the information you have collected in Steps 1 and 2 and through this to practice the

45、 skills you have learnt in Skills buildings 1, 2 and 3.1. Review the information you have collected and the main points you need to include in writing a review.2. Work in groups of four to write the review.Project Reciting a poem Part A: ReadingAt the beginning of this period, lets enjoy an English

46、poem: She walks in beauty. Look at the screen and listen to the tape, trying to grasp the theme of the poem.Its a romantic poem. As we all know, romantic themes tend to be emotional. Today, well read and later recite a romantic poem about love by Robert Burns A Red, Red Rose. Lets come to the readin

47、g part of Project. 1. Read the report on the poetry of Robert Burns, Skim for the main idea of this article and tell how it is organized.Paragraphs 14 introduction of Robert Burns Paragraphs 57 some information about a movement of poets called the Romantic MovementParagraphs 89 the poem A Red, Red R

48、ose with its introduction and explanation2. Pair work: Rearrange the events in the order of time. Fill in the following table: Time Event 1750The Romantic Movement started.1759Robert Burns was born.1794The poem A Red, Red Rose was published.1796Robert Burns died at the age of 37.1870The Romantic Mov

49、ement ended.1877The monument to Burns was first publicly exhibited.3. Read the article for a third time to get more information about this report, and then fill in the following table about Robert Burns.Year of birthPlace of birthYear of death Family status1759Alloway, Scotland1796PoorHis first love

50、 NameNelly KirkpatrickEffect on him Encouraged him to start writing poetryMain worksTo a Mouse; The Holy Fair; A Red, Red RoseThe movementof poetsName of the movementRomantic MovementRepresentative poetsJohn Keats; William Wordsworth; Robert BurnsFeaturesRomantic themes tend to be more emotional.The

51、 poems are always about love, dreams or nature. The way peoplememorize him*All of Scotland mourned his death, and afterwards many people donated money to support his widow and children. The monument to him was first publicly exhibited in 1877 and about 30,000 people attended the first exhibition.*Th

52、e house in Alloway, where Burns was born, is now a museum of his life and work.4. Read and recite the poem A Red, Red Rose, trying to understand the meaning of the poem.Part B1. Group work: Discuss the eight questions in Part B. Then prepare your project.2. Present your project.Homework1. Read the p

53、assage in project and recite the poem.2. Do Parts B1 and B2 on page 101 of the Workbook.Language points in unit 11 harmharm在此句中作名词,意为伤害,损害,不与不定冠词连用,常与do, come, mean, cause等动词搭配。又如:The drought did a lot of harm to the crops. I meant no harm in encouraging him to climb the tree.(1) harm还可以作及物动词,表示损害,伤

54、害。例如:Doctors say smoking harms our health.She is such a kind girl that she would never harm anyone.(2) 区分harm与hurt.harm 意为损害,伤害,既可表示有生命的也可表示无生命的东西受到伤害,指肉体或精神上的损害。例如:He was afraid that his anger would harm the child.His business was harmed for some reason. hurt意为伤害,主要指有生命的物体受到肉体或精神上的伤害,强调其痛苦的后果。He hu

55、rt his leg when he fell from the ladder.Of course I didnt want to hurt his feelings.2 abuseabuse在此句中意为辱骂,虐待。又如:When he was young, he was often abused by his stepmother.It is unfair to abuse the animals.(1) abuse作动词时还可表示滥用。例如:She abused her position as major by giving jobs to her relatives.He ruined

56、his body by abusing drugs.(2) abuse还可用作名词,意为滥用；虐待；恶习；辱骂。例如:He was arrested on charges of abuse of power. She suffered years of physical abuse.3 reformreform在此句中意为改造(行为),(使)改正,(使)悔改。又如:She thought she could reform him.He has promised to reform himself.reform作动词时还可表示改革,改进,改良的意思。例如:Many people have made proposals to reform the security system.The law needs to be reformed.reform 还可用作名词,意为改革,变革；改良,改善。例如:Our country decides to deepen the reform of educational system.4 have prejudice againsthave prejudice against意为对有偏见,